基于数字孪生的比例变量柱塞泵云控制

张宁宁，李雅慧，赵国强，郑戍华，王向周

（北京理工大学自动化学院，北京100081）

摘要： 针对变量柱塞泵全寿命周期内出现的磨损、阻尼变化等因素导致的性能劣化问题，提出了一种基于数字孪生的变量柱塞泵云端优化控制方法，以实现泵在全寿命周期内保持良好的控制性能。首先，比例变量柱塞泵的控制模型采用基于状态控制的LQ最优控制（Linear Quadratic Optimal Control），该模型分别布置到云服务器和泵端嵌入式控制器中。然后，泵端嵌入式控制器在进行实时控制的同时也定时将采集到的传感器参数以及模型中的状态参数送至云服务器，云服务器保存泵的目前及历史数据，并基于遗传算法定期进行柱塞泵控制参数的优化。最后，云服务器将模型参数和定期优化获得的控制参数再发送至泵端嵌入式控制器，从而实现了云端与泵端模型的孪生，且在全寿命周期内模型随柱塞泵的状态而变，不仅可反映泵的当前状态，而且LQ控制器与泵的当前状态相适应可将泵的性能维持在最佳状态。以柱塞泵油温导致的阻尼变化为研究对象，进行了仿真研究。结果表明，当温度导致系统阻尼变化时，所提方法可使流量阶跃响应超调量始终保持在0.5%以下，与固定参数的方法相比，超调量降低了89%~96%。结合参数优化控制实验结果，验证了所提基于数字孪生模型的云端优化控制方法的有效性。

关键词： 变量柱塞泵；数字孪生；全寿命周期；LQ优化控制

中图分类号：TH137；TP249文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0001-07

Cloud-Based Optimal Control for Proportional Variable Piston Pumps Based on Digital Twin

ZHANG Ning-ning， LI Ya-hui， ZHAO Guo-qiang， ZHENG Shu-hua， WANG Xiang-zhou

(School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China)

Abstract:  In order to improve the performance of variable piston pump in its whole operation cycle, a cloud-based optimization control method based on digital twin was proposed to solve the problem of performance deterioration caused by wear and damping change in the operation process. Firstly, a LQ optimal control method based on state control was used as the control model of proportional variable piston pump, which was arranged in cloud server and pump embedded controller respectively. Then the pump embedded controller was responsible for real-time control and sent the parameters collected by sensors and the state parameters to the cloud server. The cloud server saved the current and historical data of the pump and optimized the control parameters of the piston pump based on genetic algorithm. Finally, the cloud server periodically sent the mode parameters and the optimized parameters to the pump-side embedded controller to achieve the twin of cloud and pump side model, which can not only reflect the current state of the pump, but also maximize its performance. By using the proposed method, the influence of damping change caused by oil temperature on pump control performance was simulated. The results show that the proposed method can keep the overshoot of flow step response below 0.5% when the system damping changes due to temperature. Compared with the method with fixed parameters, the overshoot was reduced by 89%~96%. Combined with the experimental results of parameters optimization, the effectiveness of the proposed cloud-based control method based on digital twin is verified.

Key words: variable piston pump; digital twin; whole operation cycle; LQ optimal control

基于AMESim与Simulink联合仿真的运梁机双液压系统同步控制方法研究

张宏鹏，李国平，杨双旺，陈浩，董全成

（济南大学机械工程学院，山东济南250024）

摘要：针对双系统中执行元件存在负载不均衡、泄漏量不同、摩擦力不等和制造误差等因素，会产生执行元件在工作过程中不同步的现象，该文进行控制系统设计，建立阀控液压缸系统数学模型，设计梁底悬挂运梁机双液压系统，运用AMESim-Simulink软件对双液压系统进行同步控制仿真分析。仿真结果引入常规PID与模糊PID进行对比分析，显示梁底悬挂运梁机双系统在模糊PID控制下同步控制精度提高65%，证明了应用模糊理论的梁底悬挂运梁机双系统同步控制策略的有效性。

关键词： 双液压系统；梁底悬挂运梁机；同步控制；模糊PID控制；AMESim-Simulink仿真

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0007-07

Research on Synchronous Control Method of Double Hydraulic System of

Beam Conveyor Based on AMESim and Simulink Joint Simulation

ZHANG Hong-peng， LI Guo-ping， YANG Shuang-wang， CHEN Hao， DONG Quan-cheng

（School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan250024, China）

Abstract: In view of the factors such as unbalanced load, different leakage, unequal friction and manufacturing error of the actuator in the dual system, the actuator will not be synchronized in the working process. In this paper, the control system is designed, the mathematical model of valve controlled hydraulic cylinder system is established, the double hydraulic system of beam bottom suspension beam conveyor is designed, and the synchronous control simulation analysis of the double hydraulic system is carried out by using AMESim Simulink software. The simulation results are compared and analyzed by introducing conventional PID and fuzzy PID. It shows that the synchronous control accuracy of the double system of beam bottom suspension beam conveyor under Fuzzy PID control is improved by 65%, which proves the effectiveness of the synchronous control strategy of the double system of beam bottom suspension beam conveyor based on Fuzzy theory.

Key words: dual hydraulic system; hanging beam conveyor at the beam bottom; synchronous control; fuzzy PID control; AMESim-Simulink simulation

三通道全自动施肥机灌溉系统设计及关键部件仿真分析

熊贤沙，蔡家斌

（贵州大学机械工程学院，贵州贵阳550025）

摘要：依据现阶段农业发展需求，为实现节水节肥、精准施肥、提高农作物产量，设计了一款基于文丘里管混肥系统的三通道全自动施肥机。该施肥机采用文丘里管作为整个灌溉系统吸混肥的核心，配有泵、管道、电动阀、传感器、液肥罐等装置。对系统进行总体方案优化设计，利用SolidWorks完成施肥机混肥系统的结构建模，采用FloEFD对其混肥效果进行流体仿真分析，验证该施肥机混肥系统的可行性和可靠性。通过仿真模拟，三个通道均能稳定连续地实现混肥。

关键词： 施肥机；文丘里管；混肥系统；仿真分析

中图分类号：TH137;S275文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0014-06

Design of Irrigation System of Three-channel Fully Automatic Fertilizer

 Applicator and Simulation Analysis of Key Components

XIONG Xian-sha, CAI Jia-bin

(College of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang550025, China)

Abstract:  According to the needs of agricultural development at this stage, in order to save water and fertilizer, precise fertilization, and increase crop yield, a three-channel full-automatic fertilizer applicator based on the Venturi tube fertilizer system was designed. The fertilizer applicator uses a venturi tube as the core of the entire irrigation system to absorb mixed fertilizer, and is equipped with pumps, pipes, electric valves, sensors, liquid fertilizer tanks and other devices. Optimize the overall design of the system, use SolidWorks to complete the structural modeling of the fertilizer applicator's fertilizer system, and use FloEFD to conduct fluid simulation analysis of its fertilizer effect to verify the feasibility and reliability of the fertilizer applicator's fertilizer system. Through simulation, the three channels can realize the fertilizer mixing stably and continuously.

Key words: fertilizer applicator; venturi tube; fertilizer system; simulation analysis

软管隔膜泵球阀的压力损失数值模拟

张洪生，杨盛琦，韩宏宇

（兰州理工大学机电工程学院，甘肃兰州730050）

摘要：软管隔膜泵作为目前最先进的浆体的核心输送设备，可以很好地解决输送物料具有化学侵蚀性、毒性的难题。为了研究软管隔膜泵球阀中浆料的流动特性和压力损失变化，采用了Eulerian多相流模型对球阀进行了数值模拟，探究了流场特性、颗粒种类和颗粒体积分数对球阀压力损失的影响。数值模拟的结果表明：球阀在正常工作状态下，通过球阀的浆料压力损失随着浆料流速的增大而增大。随着球阀开度的增大而减小。混合浆料中颗粒的体积分数越大球阀压力损失越大；颗粒的直径越大球阀的压力损失也越大。颗粒体积分数和颗粒直径相比于球阀入口流速和球阀开度对球阀压力损失的影响并不显著。其中影响最为显著的是球阀开度。

关键词： Eulerian模拟；软管隔膜泵；流场特性；压力损失

中图分类号：TH137;TH323文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0019-04

Numerical Simulation of Pressureloss of Hose Diaphragm Pump Ball Valve

ZHANG Hong-sheng, YANG Sheng-qi, HAN Hong-yu

（School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou730050， China）

Abstract: As the most advanced slurry core conveying equipment, the hose diaphragm pump can well solve the problem of chemical erosion and toxicity of conveying materials. In order to study the flow characteristics and pressure loss of slurry in the ball valve of hose diaphragm pump, the Eulerian multiphase flow model was used to simulate the ball valve numerically, and the effects of flow field characteristics, particle type and particle volume fraction on the pressure loss of the ball valve were investigated. The numerical simulation results show that the slurry pressure loss through the ball valve increases with the increase of slurry velocity when the ball valve is working normally. Decreases with the increase of ball valve opening. The greater the volume fraction of the particles in the mixed slurry, the greater the pressure loss of the ball valve; the larger the diameter of the particle, the greater the pressure loss of the ball valve. The influence of particle volume fraction and particle diameter on pressure loss of ball valve is not significant compared with inlet velocity and valve opening. The most significant effect is the ball valve opening.

Key words: Eulerian simulation; hose diaphragm pump; flow field characteristics; the pressure loss

一种小尺寸大载荷提升机液压系统的设计与可靠性研究

顾长明¹，贾学军¹，王晔²

(1.北京航天发射技术研究所，北京100076；2.中国运载火箭技术研究院，北京100076)

摘要： 该文介绍了一种小尺寸大载荷提升机的液压系统方案组成、原理和关键设计参数等，该液压系统的设计通过采用分布式模块化控制技术和布局、高可靠性制动技术、负载敏感多路阀速度闭环控制技术，解决了小空间、低自重、大载荷等设计难点，实现有限空间内的行车、驻车制动双冗余控制以及运行速度对规划速度的动态跟踪，保证负载吊装过程的动作平稳性。另外，该文通过对液压系统的FMEA、FTA、可靠性预计、可靠性增长试验的分析和评估（Duane增长模型法），提出了系统改进措施，得到了常规方法计算和可靠性增长试验后的可靠度数值，满足高可靠性（大于0.995）要求。

关键词： 提升机；液压系统；设计；可靠性研究

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0023-06

Design of Hydraulic System for Small Size and Large Load Hoist Research on Reliability

GU Chang-ming¹， JIA Xue-jun¹， WANG Ye²

（1. Beijing Institute of Space Launch Technology, Beijing100076, China;

2. China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing100076, China）

Abstract: This paper introduces the composition, principle and key design parameters of the hydraulic system of a small size and large load hoist. The design of the hydraulic system solves the design difficulties of small space, low self weight and large load by adopting distributed modular control technology and layout, high reliability braking technology and load sensitive multi-channel valve speed closed-loop control technology, the dual redundant control of running and parking brake in limited space and the dynamic tracking of running speed to planning speed are realized to ensure the stability of load lifting process. ln addition, through the analysis and evaluation of FMEA, FTA, reliability prediction and reliability growth test of hydraulic system (Duane growth model method), this paper puts forward the improvement measures of the system, and obtains the reliability value after conventional method calculation and reliability growth test, which meets the requirements of high reliability (greater than 0.995).

Key words: hoist; hydraulic system; design; reliability research

内置离合装置的液压绞车设计

周小宝¹，陈忠杭²，吴英华¹，胡燕海²，朱元¹

(1.宁波新宏液压有限公司，浙江宁波315200；

2.宁波大学 机械工程与力学学院，浙江宁波315211)

摘要：研究了一款内置离合装置的液压绞车，采用了三维建模软件对该液压绞车开展了三维建模，并进行了详尽的结构设计，介绍了工作原理。液压绞车含有以液压为驱动力的离合装置，实现绞车的慢速卷扬和快速下降两种传动速度。与传统绞车相比，该绞车具有传动平稳可靠、结构紧凑、占地空间小的优点。

关键词： 液压绞车；离合装置；三维建模；结构设计

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0029-03

Hydraulic Winch Design with Built-in Clutch Device

ZHOU Xiao-bao¹, CHENG Zhong-hang², WU Ying-hua¹, HU Yan-hai², ZHU Yuan¹

(1. Ningbo Xinhong Hydraulic Co., Ltd., Ningbo315200, China;

2. Ningbo University, School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo315211, China)

Abstract: A hydraulic winch with built-in clutch device is studied. 3d modeling software is used to carry out 3d modeling of the hydraulic winch, detailed structure design is provided, and the working principle is introduced. The hydraulic winch has a built-in clutch device which is driven by hydraulic pressure to achieve two transmission speeds of slow winching and fast falling. Compared with the traditional winch, the proposed winch has the advantages of stable and reliable transmission, compact structure and small space occupation.

Key words: hydraulic winch; clutch device; 3-D design software; structure design

工程机械液压多路阀的翻转控油系统及其操作方法

徐明，孙坚，郭靖，史厚振

（徐州徐工液压件有限公司，江苏徐州221004）

摘要：试验后控油是工程机械液压阀生产制造的关键工序之一。该文针对工程机械液压阀进行试验后控油研究，引入翻转控油原理，提出了一种适用于工程机械液压阀翻转控油的技术方案；指出了翻转控油在工程机械液压阀上的应用的六个创新点，一是控油效果好；二是模块化夹具结构设计；三是导油效果好；四是实现动态监测控油量；五是设备操作方便快速；六是柔性化程度高。最后对翻转控油系统的操作步骤进行了详细介绍。

关键词： 翻转控油；控油效果；液压阀；技术方案

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0032-03

Overturning Oil System for Hydraulic Multi-way Valve of Engineering

Machinery and Operation Method Thereof

XU Ming，SUN Jian，GUO Jing，SHI Hou-zhen

（Xuzhou XCMG Hydraulics Co., Ltd., Xuzhou221004, China）

Abstract: Overturning oil after the test is one of the key processes in the production of hydraulic valves for construction machinery. In this paper, a research on oil control after the test of the hydraulic valve of construction machinery is introduced, the principle of flipping oil control is introduced, and a technical scheme suitable for flipping oil control of the hydraulic valve of construction machinery is proposed; six innovation points of the application of flipping oil control to the hydraulic valve of construction machinery are pointed out.First, the oil control effect is good; the second is the modular fixture structure design; the third is the oil guiding effect is good; the fourth is to realize the dynamic monitoring of the oil control; the fifth is the convenient and fast operation of the equipment; the sixth is the high degree of flexibility. Finally, the operation steps of the overturning oil control system are introduced in detail.

Key words: flip oil control; oil control effect; hydraulic valve; technical scheme

矿用湿式除尘器密封结构型式改进

何沛东¹，李再有²，王以超³

（1.国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司石圪台煤矿，陕西榆林719300；

2.山西天地赛福蒂科技有限公司，山西太原030006；

3.中国煤炭科工集团 太原研究院有限公司，山西太原030006）

摘要：KCS系列矿用湿式除尘器中的除雾垫层在除尘器壳体内部的安装接触面存在密封不到位的现象，有漏风隐患，从而导致除尘效率不理想。对现有KCS系列矿用湿式除尘器的内部组件安装结构进行分析，对密封薄弱部位进行设计改进，并选用合适的密封元件，解决了除雾垫层的安装密封问题。

关键词： 矿用湿式除尘器；密封；除雾垫层；除尘效率

中图分类号：TB42文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0034-03

Mine Wet Dust Collector Sealing Structure Type Improvement

HE Pei-dong¹, LI Zai-you², WANG Yi-chao³

(1. Shigetai Coal Mine, CHN Energy Shendong Coal Group Co., Ltd., Yulin719300, China;

2. Shanxi Tiandi CFT Technology Co., Ltd., Taiyuan030006, China;

3. CCTEG Taiyuan Research Institute Co., Ltd., Taiyuan030006, China)

Abstract: The installation contact surface of the defogging cushion in the KCS series mine wet dust collector is not properly sealed in the dust collector shell, and there is a hidden danger of air leakage, resulting in unsatisfactory efficiency of dust removal. The installation structure of the internal components of the existing KCS series mining wet dust collector is analyzed, the design and improvement of the weak sealing parts are carried out, and the appropriate sealing elements are selected to solve the installation and sealing problem of the defogging cushion.

Key words: mine wet dust collector; sealed; defogging cushion; efficiency of dust removal

基于LabVIEW双容水箱液位控制

王普浩，杨博，倪天坛，秦良，刘双臣

(天津航天瑞莱科技有限公司烟台分部，山东烟台264000）

摘要：通过建立PID液位控制系统实现调节双容水箱液位的目的，经由反复实验推导得出对应系统的数学模型。运用Matlab Simulink软件进行仿真，根据仿真结果分析双容水箱液位控制系统的动静态特性。运用Labview软件编写双容水箱液位控制系统算法，采用USB-6008数据采集卡和DAQ数据采集助手完成实验硬件和软件的连接，经实验最终得到实际液位曲线，利用软件的人机互动界面，对整个系统在实验过程中进行实时监控。实验结果证明设计的系统能使双容水箱液位的下水箱液位保持在设定值内，浮动不超过5%，达到了预定的稳态效果。

关键词： 双容水箱；Labview；PID；液位控制

中图分类号：TH137；TB65文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0037-05

Based on LabVIEW Double Tank Water Level Control

WANG Pu-hao，YANG Bo，NI Tian-tan，QIN Liang，LIU Shuang-chen

(Tianjin Aerospace Reliability Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai Branch, Yantai264000, China)

Abstract: The purpose of adjusting the liquid level of the dual-capacity water tank is achieved by establishing a PID liquid level control system, and the mathematical model of the corresponding system is derived through repeated experiments. The simulation was carried out by Matlab Simulink software, and the dynamic and static characteristics of the double tank water level control system were analyzed based on the simulation results. Using Labview software to write the algorithm of double tank water level control system, using USB-6008 data acquisition card and DAQ data acquisition assistant to complete the connection of experimental hardware and software. After experiment, the actual liquid level curve is obtained, and the human-computer interaction interface of software is used. Real-time monitoring of the entire system during the experiment. The experimental results show that the designed system can keep the liquid level of the lower tank of the double tank level within the set value, and the floating does not exceed 5%, which achieves the predetermined steady state effect.

Key words: double tank; labview; PID; level control

钻井泵拖撬起升装置研究

王军伟^1,2，孙健^1,2，廖刚^1,2，何根良^1,2，李永飞^1,2

(1.中油国家油气钻井装备工程技术研究中心，陕西宝鸡721002；

2.宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司，陕西宝鸡721002)

摘要：在液压系统范畴中，液压起升是被广泛探讨与研究的问题之一，该文通过对迅速移运钻井泵组拖撬起升装置的分析和探讨，阐述几种起升装置的结构，进行分析比较，指出各自的优缺点，并对宝石机械有限责任公司ZJ50DBT迅速移运钻井泵拖撬起升装置进行详细分析。

关键词：起升装置；钻井泵；拖撬；液压系统

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0041-04

Research on the Drill Pump Trailer Hoisting Mechanism

WANG Jun-wei^1,2, SUN Jian^1,2, LIAO Gang^1,2, HE Gen-liang^1,2, LI Yong-fei^1,2

(1. CNPC National Oil & Gas Drilling Equipment Engineering Technology Research Center, Baoji721002, China；2. Baoji Oilfield Machinery Co., Ltd., Baoji721002, China）

Abstract: The hydraulic hoisting in the field of hydraulic system is being widely discussed and studied, based on the mobile drill pump trailer hoisting mechanism problem analysis and discussion, expounds several hoisting device design, carries on the analysis comparison, point out their respective advantages and disadvantages, and the mobile drill pump trailer hoisting device of BOMCO is analyzed detailedly on the 5000 m (ZJ50/3150DBT) traction rig.

Key words: hoisting mechanism; drill pump; trailer; hydraulic system

两级伸缩杆的机械锁设计

李东，李启雄

（四川航空工业川西机器有限责任公司，四川雅安625000）

摘要：提出了一种两级伸缩杆的机械锁设计结构，对锁的安装布置进行了分析，锁紧原理中阐述了锁紧时的工作状态和解锁条件。选用卡簧作为锁的限位部分，进行受力分析得到了开锁时锁的受力和变形的关系，据此确定了锁钩的几何尺寸。最后对设计的锁钩进行了校核分析，验证了设计可行。该锁结构紧凑、工作可靠，可以为两级伸缩装置的内置机械锁设计提供参考。

关键词： 两级伸缩杆；机械锁；解锁条件；受力分析；校核分析

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0045-03

Design of Mechanical Lock for Two Stage Telescopic Rod

LI Dong，LI Qi-xiong

(Sichuan Aviation Industry Chuanxi Machinery Co., Ltd., Yaan625000, China)

Abstract: A mechanical lock design structure for two stage telescopic rod is proposed, the working state and unlocking conditions during locking are described in the principle of locking. The circlip is selected as the limiting part of the lock, the relationship between force and deformation is obtained be force analysis, based on this, the geometric dimension of the lock hook is determined. Finally, check analysis proves that design is feasible. The lock has compact structure and reliable work, which can provide reference for the design of built-in mechanical lock of two stage telescopic device.

Key words: two stage telescopic rod; mechanical lock; unlocking condition; force analysis; check analysis

基于模糊PID的山地液压收割机工作机构升降回路仿真分析

邓行¹，罗艳蕾¹，任晓德²

（1.贵州大学机械工程学院，贵州贵阳550025；

2.贵州盘江精煤有限责任公司月亮田矿，贵州六盘水553532）

摘要：该文采用模糊PID控制的山地收割机工作机构升降回路为研究对象，设计出收割机工作回路原理图和基于模糊PID的山地收割机控制原理结构图，求得收割机工作机构升降回路的数学模型，利用仿真软件MATLAB中的Fuzzy Logic Designer建立模糊规则，利用Simulink模块搭建仿真模型，将模糊PID控制与PID控制对比分析。仿真结果表明模糊PID控制能够有效地降低系统初期的超调量，提高响应速度，系统达到稳定所需时间更短。基于模糊PID控制的山地收割机相对于PID控制来说振动幅度更低，反应速度更加迅速。研究结果表明山地收割机采用模糊PID控制能够明显地提升机器性能，将模糊PID控制应用于山地收割机是切实可行的。

关键词： 液压收割机；模糊PID；工作机构；MATLAB

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0048-05

Simulation Analysis of Working Mechanism Lifting Circuit for Mountain

Hydraulic Harvester Based on Fuzzy PID

DENG Hang¹，LUO Yan-lei¹，REN Xiao-de²

（1. School of Mechanical Engineering， Guizhou University， Guiyang550025, China；

2. Moonfield Mine， Guizhou Panjiang Clean Coal Co.， Ltd.， Liupanshui553532, China）

Abstract: This article uses fuzzy PID control mountain harvester working mechanism lifting circuit as the research object, design the harvester working circuit principle diagram and the mountain harvester control principle structure diagram based on fuzzy PID, and obtain the mathematical model of the harvester working mechanism lifting circuit. Fuzzy Logic Designer in the simulation software MATLAB is used to establish fuzzy rules, Simulink module is used to build a simulation model, and the fuzzy PID control and PID control are compared and analyzed. The simulation results show that the fuzzy PID control can effectively reduce the initial overshoot of the system, improve the response speed, and the time required for the system to reach stability is shorter. Compared with PID control, the mountain harvester based on fuzzy PID control has lower vibration amplitude and faster response speed. The research results show that the use of fuzzy PID control for mountain harvesters can significantly improve machine performance, and it is feasible to apply fuzzy PID control to mountain harvesters.

Key words: hydraulic harvester; fuzzy PID; working mechanism; MATLAB

面向复杂工况的起重机械动臂势能回收研究

王天义，田勇，徐凤乾

（河南工业大学机电工程学院，河南郑州450001）

摘要：针对多数起重机械工况复杂的特点，提出一种基于马达-泵-复合蓄能器的势能能量多级回收系统，分析系统原理，建立了数学模型，并利用AMESim软件进行仿真分析，结果表明：基于复合蓄能器的能量回收模块回收率为47.85%，论证了系统的合理性，为进一步提高能量回收率，对能量转换元件进行参数优化，优化后的系统回收率提高3.92%，为进一步研究起重机械势能能量回收提供一定参考。

关键词： 势能回收；AMESim；复合蓄能器

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0053-06

Research on Multi-stage Recovery of Potential Energy of Telescopic Handler Based on AMESim

WANG Tian-yi, TIAN Yong, XU Feng-qian

(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou450001, China)

Abstract:  Aiming at the complex working conditions of a certain 4t forklift truck, a potential energy recovery system for forklift trucks based on a motor-pump-composite accumulator is proposed. The principle of the system is analyzed, a mathematical model is established, and AMEsim software is used for simulation analysis., The results show that: the energy recovery module recovery rate based on the composite accumulator is 47.38%, which demonstrates the rationality of the system. In order to further improve the energy recovery rate, the parameters of the energy conversion element are optimized, and the optimized system recovery rate is increased by 4.39%, To provide a certain reference for further research on the potential energy recovery of hoisting machinery.

Key words: potential energy recovery; AMESim; compound accumulator

电动汽车动力电池热管理液冷先进控制方法研究

习璐

（咸阳职业技术学院汽车学院，陕西咸阳712000）

摘要： 动力电池是电动汽车最重要的能源供给装置，热管理系统是提高动力电池性能，确保动力电池安全的重要部件。针对大功率动力电池由散热失效引起安全性能下降的问题，在电动汽车动力电池热效应模型基础上，设计了热管理系统架构和液冷拓扑结构，采用动态规划算法作为液冷先进控制方法，利用构建好的热管理实验台架进行策略验证，结果表明，所设计的液冷先进控制方法能够快速地响应动力电池的热管理请求，提升热管理系统性能。

关键词： 动力电池；热管理系统；散热失效；液冷；动态规划

中图分类号：TH137；TN2文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0058-04

Research on Advanced Control Method of Thermal Management and

Liquid Cooling for Electric Vehicle Power Battery

XI Lu

(Automobile College of Xianyang Polytechnic, Xianyang712000, China)

Abstract: Power battery is the most important energy supply device of electric vehicle, and thermal management system is an important part to improve the performance of power battery and ensure the safety of power battery. Aiming at the problem that the safety performance of high-power power battery is degraded due to heat dissipation failure, based on the thermal effect model of electric vehicle power battery, the thermal management system architecture and liquid cooling topology are designed. The dynamic programming algorithm is used as the advanced control method of liquid cooling, and the strategy is verified by the constructed thermal management experimental platform, the advanced liquid cooling control method can quickly respond to the thermal management request of power battery and improve the performance of thermal management system.

Key words: power battery; thermal management system; heat dissipation failure; liquid cooling; dynamic programming

基于LabVIEW和PLC的摆线马达性能测试系统设计

段国元^1,2,王勇敢³,张兵³,马勇杰³,王志清³,朱勋燚³

（1.镇江市流体传动与控制重点实验室,江苏镇江212013;

2.丹佛斯动力系统（江苏）有限公司,江苏镇江212013;

3.江苏大学机械工程学院,江苏镇江212013）

摘要：对于摆线液压马达的传统测试装置接线复杂、测试速度慢和不便于维护等缺点，基于S7-1200 PLC和LabVIEW软件开发平台，将测试技术与虚拟仪器技术相结合，开发了集数据采集与查询、TCP/IP通信、效率实验、生成Excel报表和数据存储等功能为一体的摆线马达性能测试系统。从测试系统总体设计、系统硬件设计和系统软件设计三方面进行详细的叙述。所开发的测试系统具有设备成本低、操作简便、便于维护和更新的优点。

关键词： 摆线液压马达；S7-1200 PLC；LabVIEW；TCP/IP通信；测试系统；数据采集

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0062-05

Design of Cycloid Motor Performance Test System Based on LabVIEW and PLC

DUAN Guo-yuan^1,2, WANG Yong-gan³, ZHANG Bing³, MA Yong-jie³, WANG Zhi-qing³, ZHU Xun-yi³

(1. Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control, Zhenjiang212013, China;

2. Danfoss Power System (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang212013, China;

3. School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang212013, China)

Abstract:  For the cycloid hydraulic motor of the traditional test device wiring complex, slow test speed and not easy to maintain and other shortcomings. Based on S7-1200 PLC and LabVIEW software development platform, combining testing technology with virtual instrument technology. A performance test system for cycloid motor is developed, which integrates data acquisition and query, TCP/IP communication, efficiency experiment, excel report generation and data storage. This paper describes in detail the overall design, hardware design and software design of the test system. The developed test system has the advantages of low equipment cost, simple operation, easy maintenance and update.

Key words: cycloidal hydraulic motor; S7-1200 PLC; LabVIEW; TCP/IP communication; test system; data acquisition

多级缸同步升降液压回路设计

于亮¹，何志宏²，闫楷东¹，张绍举¹

（1.北京航天发射技术研究所，北京100076；

2.火箭军装备部 装备项目管理中心，北京100085）

摘要：设计了一种用于升降装置的多级缸同步升降液压回路，采用AMESim建立了回路仿真模型，并对同步精度进行了仿真验证，同时搭建了实物试验平台并进行了试验验证。结果表明，回路设计正确，同步控制策略效果良好，能够满足升降装置使用要求。

关键词： 同步升降；多级缸；AMESim仿真；设计

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0067-04

Design of the Synchronous Lifting Hydraulic Circuit with Multistage Cylinder

YU Liang¹, HE Zhi-hong², YAN Kai-dong¹，ZHANG Shao-ju¹

(1. Beijing Institute of Space Launch Technology, Beijing100076, China;

2. Project Management Center of PLA Rocket Force Equipment Department,

Beijing100085, China)

Abstract: A synchronous lifting hydraulic circuit with multistage cylinder is designed for a lifting mechanism. To verify the synchronous accuracy, a simulation model based on AMESim and a physical testing platform based on products are set up. It carries out simulation analysis and physical test. The results show that the design of the hydraulic circuit is reasonable and the synchronous control strategy is effective.

Key words: synchronous lifting; multistage cylinder; AMESim simulation; design

一种柔性工字形可拓展型装置与方法

仝睿

（中国航发西安动力控制科技有限公司，陕西西安710077）

摘要：该文介绍了一种8（或∞）字形轴承和单孔衬套类零件分解组合装置设计。该装置结构新颖、原理简单，使用方便，拓展功能强，能够安全、可靠地完成航空燃油齿轮泵轴承和精密偶件衬套产品零部件的分解拆卸工作。

关键词： 轴承；衬套；工装 ；方法

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0070-03

A Flexible I-shaped Expandable Disassembly Tool and Method

TONG Rui

(AVIC Xi'an Power Control Science and Technology Company, Xi'an710077, China)

Abstract: This article introduces an 8（or ∞）shaped bearing and single hole sleeve parts disassembly combination tool. This tool structure is novel, whose principle is simple， and easy to use, with strong expansion ability. It can safely and reliably complete the disassembly of aero-engine fuel pump bearing and precision sleeve parts.

Key words: bearing； tool； gear pump； method

某型摩擦焊设备液压振动系统优化设计

查环¹，史俊强²，杜明燕²，王哲²，范海竹³

（1.海军装备部，北京100000； 2.北京机械工业自动化研究所有限公司，北京100120；

3.渤海造船厂集团有限公司，辽宁葫芦岛125000）

摘要：该文对某型摩擦焊振动液压系统作了一定程度的介绍。为满足用户现场用电功率及场地空间的要求，采用蓄能器储能供油的形式替代液压泵直接供油，极大地降低了设备的运行功率，也减小了设备的安装空间，完成了某型摩擦焊液压设备小型化、集成化优化设计，得到用户好评。

关键词： 摩擦焊；振动；液压系统；优化设计

中图分类号：TH137；TH114文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0073-03

Optimization Design of Hydraulic Vibration System for a Friction Welding Equipment

ZHA Huan¹， SHI Jun-qiang²， DU Ming-yan²， WANG Zhe²， FAN Hai-zhu³

（1. Naval Equipment Department, Beijing100000, China;

2. Beijing Machinery Industry Automation Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing100120, China;

3. Bohai Shipyard Group Co., Ltd., Huludao125000, China）

Abstract: This paper introduces a certain type of vibration hydraulic system for friction welding. In order to meet the requirements of the user's on-site power consumption and site space, the accumulator is used to store energy and supply oil instead of the hydraulic pump to supply oil directly, which greatly reduces the operating power of the equipment and also reduces the installation space of the equipment. The miniaturization and integration design of a certain type of friction welding hydraulic equipment has been completed, which has been praised by users.

Key words: friction welding; vibrating; hydraulic system; optimal design

泵控缸位置伺服系统建模与特性分析

沈伟^1，2，崔霞³

（1.上海海洋大学工程学院，上海201306；

2.上海海洋可再生能源工程技术研究中心，上海201306；

3.上海师范大学天华学院，上海201815)

摘要：泵排量控制系统具有工作效率较高、结构紧凑的优点；而动态响应性是泵控系统的不足。该文建立了具有位移-力反馈变量机构的泵控非对称缸位置伺服系统的数学模型，运用MATLAB软件Simulink模块和Simscape模块，建立了系统时域仿真模型，取得了较好的仿真效果。通过仿真验证了电液比例阀子系统固有频率、变量缸子系统的固有频率和变量泵输入转速扰动等因素对泵控非对称缸系统动态响应性的影响，为系统设计和控制策略的改进奠定了的基础。

关键词： 泵控非对称缸；动态响应性；固有频率；数学建模；仿真建模

中图分类号：TH137;TP391.9文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0076-09

Modeling and Characteristic Analysis of Pump Controlled Cylinder Position Servo System

SHEN Wei^1,2, CUI Xia³

（1. Shanghai Ocean University, College of Engineering, Shanghai201306, China;

2. Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Marine Renewable Energy, Shanghai201306, China;

3. Shanghai Normal University, TianHua College, Shanghai201815, China)

Abstract: The pump displacement control system has the advantages of high efficiency and compact structure, but the dynamic response is the shortage. In this paper, the mathematical model of pump controlled asymmetric cylinder position servo system is established. The Simulink module and the Simscape module of MATLAB are used to establish the time domain simulation model. The simulation result of time domain model is desirable. By simulation, the influence on dynamic response by the natural frequency of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve subsystem, the natural frequency of the variable mechanism cylinder subsystem and the input speed disturbance of the variable pump is verified. It lays a solid foundation for system design and control strategy improvement.

Key words: pump controlled asymmetric cylinder; dynamic response; natural frequency; mathematical modeling; simulation modeling

PERMCO振动压路机开式液压振动系统

洪鹏

（1090403771@qq.com，天津300011）

摘要： 该文主要对PERMCO旗下的振动压路机开式液压振动系统产品进行分析。基于全液压驱动的压路机，通过阐述振动功能的实现原理以及调节机制，来对比开式液压振动系统和闭式振动系统的优缺点。针对于开式系统的整体不足性，PERMCO从动力输入元件到控制阀组再到输出元件分别进行优化，使开式液压振动系统达到整体性能提升。

关键词： 振动压路机；开式液压振动系统；PERMCO；分析

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0084-04

PERMCO Open Loop Hydraulic Vibration System for Vibratory Road Roller

HONG Peng

（1090403771@qq.com, Tianjin300011, China）

Abstract: The paper with analysis PERMCO open loop hydraulic vibration system for vibratory road roller. Compare the advanges and disadvantage of the open loop hydraulic vibration system and close loop hydraulic vibration system to the hydraulic drive road roller hydraulic vibratory system. Through elaborate the implement principle of the vibration function as well as the adjust mechanism. From power input elements to control valve first. Then to the power output parts are well optimized by PERMCO to overcome the integrity deficiency with the open loop system， eventually to achieve the overall promotion of the open loop hydraulic vibration system.

Key words: vibratory road roller; open loop hydraulic vibration system; PERMCO; analysis

液压一体化回撤绞车在综采工作面中的应用

鞠晨

（国家能源集团神东煤炭集团公司技术研究院，陕西神木719315）

摘要：神东公司上湾煤矿8.8 m智能超大采高综采工作面对支架回撤用绞车牵引力和支设高度有了新的要求，迫切需要研发一种集自支护、传动、遥控、变频调速和数据存储等多功能于一体的大吨位液压自支护回撤绞车。其中自支护结构设计通过液压立柱和弹性顶梁设计完成了绞车，克服巨大初撑力和顶板复杂状况对顶板和底座形成的破坏扭矩，实现了生产的安全、高效和低耗。

关键词： 液压自支护；回撤绞车；安全高效；应用

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0088-04

Application of Hydraulic Integrated Retraction Winch in Fully Mechanized Mining Face

JU Chen

(Technology Research Institute of Shendong Coal Group Company, National Energy Group,

Shenmu719315, China)

Abstract: The 8.8 m intelligent super large mining height fully mechanized mining face of Shangwan Coal Mine of Shendong Company has new requirements on the traction force and support height of the drawworks for support withdrawal. It is urgent to develop a large tonnage hydraulic self support withdrawal drawworks that integrates multiple functions such as self support, transmission, remote control, variable frequency speed regulation and data storage. The design of self supporting structure is completed through the design of hydraulic column and elastic roof beam. The winch can overcome the huge initial support force and the destructive torque caused by the complex roof conditions on the roof and the base, realizing the safety, high efficiency and low consumption of production.

Key words: hydraulic self-support; retraction winch; safety and efficiency; application

旋挖钻机动力头切削岩石时不连续的测试及原因分析

何杰，倪萌

（中联重科桩工机械有限公司，上海松江201600）

摘要：该文在分析旋挖钻机动力头工作原理的基础上探讨了旋挖钻机在复杂地质条件下施工时动力头抖动的成因，主要是由于负载敏感变量泵的排量变化滞后于马达需求流量，从而导致马达憋压和吸空引起冲击和抖动。基于冲击和抖动产生的原因提出了改进方案，并对改进前后旋挖钻机实际工作过程进行了测试和分析。实际测试结果表明经过改进后冲击幅度显著降低，并且动力头抖动幅度和频率显著改善。

关键词： 旋挖钻机；动力头；液压冲击；压力波动

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0092-06

Test and Cause Analysis of Discontinuity in Rock Cutting with

 Power Head of Rotary Drill Rig

HE Jie，NI Meng

（Shanghai Zoomlion Pilling Machine Co., Ltd., Shanghai201600, China）

Abstract: Based on the analysis of the working principle of the power head of the rotary drilling rig, this paper discusses the causes of the vibration of the power head of the rotary drilling rig during construction under complex geological conditions. It is mainly because the displacement change of the load sensitive variable displacement pump lags behind the motor demand flow, which leads to the shock and jitter caused by the pressure holding and air suction of the motor. Based on the reason of impact and shaking, the improvement scheme is put forward, and the actual working process of the rotary drilling rig before and after the improvement is tested and analyzed. The actual test results show that after improvement, the impact amplitude is significantly reduced, and the jitter amplitude and frequency of the power head are significantly improved.

Key words: rotary drilling rig; power head; hydraulic shock; pressure fluctuation

飞机液压系统低压故障分析及解决

李欣怡，徐灵惺

（中航西安飞机工业集团股份有限公司西飞设计院，陕西西安710089）

摘要：该文对飞机液压系统低压故障进行分析，根据理论、试验和分解检查措施得出该故障发生原因为油量测量系统故障导致油箱油量实际并未达到规定值，在液压子系统有大流量需求时油量不足，无法满足泵吸油要求导致低压故障发生，并对故障进行排除。同时对故障原因和厂内安装、试验、检验流程进行分析，发现薄弱环节并进行优化。

关键词： 液压系统;低压;密封；分析

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0097-04

Analysis and Solution of Low Pressure Fault of Aircraft Hydraulic System

LI Xin-yi, XU Ling-xing

（AVIC Xi'an Aircraft Industry (Group) Co., Ltd., XAC Design Center, Xi'an710089, China）

Abstract: This paper analyzes the low pressure fault of the aircraft hydraulic system. According to the theory, test and decomposition measures, it is concluded that the fault is caused by the fault of the fuel quantity measurement system, which causes the actual fuel quantity of the fuel tank to not reach the specified value, and there is a large flow in the hydraulic subsystem. Insufficient oil quantity at the required time, unable to meet the pump oil suction requirements, resulting in a low-pressure fault, and the fault is retified. Same pair the test and inspection process are analyzed, and weak links are found and optimized.

Key words: hydraulic system; low pressure; seal; analysis

液压缸活塞杆表面高速激光熔覆涂层高效后处理技术研究

郑圆圆¹，王井²，何冰²，翟新颖¹

（1.徐州徐工液压件有限公司，江苏徐州221004；

2.江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司，江苏徐州221004）

摘要：为了提高高速激光熔覆涂层后处理加工效率，研究了车削-超声光整复合高效后处理技术，以促进该技术在工程机械液压件活塞杆上的推广应用。利用高速激光熔覆技术制备了马氏体不锈钢涂层，分析了涂层显微组织和硬度，利用硬车削和超声光整加工工艺对涂层进行了后处理加工，研究了不同工艺参数对涂层粗糙度和表面形貌的影响规律。试验结果表明，高速激光熔覆涂层组织细小、致密，平均显微硬度不低于700 HV。车削加工后涂层表面形貌呈较强的各向异性，均匀分布着残留沟槽和波峰。与切削线速度相比，进给量对车削后涂层粗糙度的影响较为显著。超声光整加工过程中涂层波峰处单位面积受到的压应力最大，塑性变形和材料蠕动使波峰高度变小、波谷宽度变小，最终改善了涂层表面粗糙度。田口分析结果显示超声光整工艺参数影响程度依次为：输出功率＞进给量＞工件转速，最优工艺参数为输出功率500 W、进给量0.15 mm/r、工件转速50 r/min。

关键词： 高速激光熔覆；车削-超声光整加工；表面形貌；粗糙度；活塞杆

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）12-0101-06

Study on High Efficiency Post-treatment Technology of High Speed Laser

Cladding Coating on Piston Rod Surface of Hydraulic Cylinder

ZHENG Yuan-yuan¹, WANG Jing², HE Bing², ZHAI Xin-ying¹

（1. XuZhou XCMG Hydraulics Co., Ltd., Xuzhou221004, China；

2. Jiangsu XCMG Construction Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xuzhou221004, China）

Abstract: In order to improve the processing efficiency of high speed laser cladding coating post-treatment, the turning and ultrasonic finishing composite high-efficiency post-treatment technology was studied, so as to promote the popularization and application of this technology in the piston rod of hydraulic parts of construction machinery. Martensitic stainless steel coating was prepared by high-speed laser cladding technology. The microstructure and hardness of the coating were analyzed, and the coating was post-processed by hard turning and ultrasonic finishing. The influence of different process parameters on the roughness and surface morphology of the coating was studied. The experimental results show that the microstructure of high-speed laser cladding coating is fine and dense, and the average microhardness is not less than 700 HV. The surface morphology of the coating after turning is anisotropic with residual grooves and wave peaks uniformly distributed. Compared with the cutting line velocity, the feed rate has a significant effect on the roughness of the coating after turning. In the process of ultrasonic finishing, the compressive stress per unit area of the coating crest is the largest. The plastic deformation and material peristalsis reduce the height of the crest and the width of the trough, and finally improve the surface roughness of the coating. Taguchi analysis results show that the influence degree of ultrasonic finishing process parameters is: output power >feed> workpiece speed, the optimal process parameters are output power 500 W, feed rate 0.15 mm/r, workpiece speed 50 r/min.

Key words: high speed laser cladding; turning-ultrasonic finishing; surface morphology; surface roughness; the piston rod