《管法兰用金属波齿复合垫片》标准解读

鹿璐，王璐，何松，程云朗，熊微，王春燕

(合肥通用机械研究院有限公司，安徽合肥230031)

摘要：该文简要介绍了金属波齿复合垫片的密封特性，分析了GB/T 19066新旧标准的主要变化，就标准的适用范围、工艺要求、性能指标及检验方法进行了解读，希望行业相关人员可以尽快了解并执行此标准。

关键词：金属波齿复合垫片；标准；技术要求；解读

中图分类号：TB42文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0001-05

Standard Interpretation of Composite Wave-serrated Metal Gaskets for Pipe Flanges

LU Lu, WANG Lu, HE Song, CHENG Yun-lang, XIONG Wei, WANG Chun-yan

(Hefei General Machinery Research Institute, Hefei230031, China)

Abstract: This paper briefly introduced the sealing characteristics of composite wave-serrated metal gaskets, the main differences between new and old GB/T19066 standard were analyzed, and the scope of application, technological requirements, performance indexes and inspection methods of the standard were explained, so that the industry related personnel can understand and implement this standard as soon as possible.

Key words: composite wave-serrated metal gaskets; standard; technical requirements; interpretation

基于OBE理念的《液压传动与气动》课程设计

黄冲，刘福国，谢佩军，吴文贤

（浙江纺织服装职业技术学院机电与轨道交通学院，浙江宁波315211）

摘要：《液压传动与气动》是一门理实关联度很高的课程，为改进原有教学过程中学生学习积极性与设计创新能力不足的问题，引入OBE教育理念进行课程设计，课堂教学以学生为中心，以成果为导向，推动学生在任务中综合运用学科知识，培养学生的系统设计和实践操作能力，并通过多元式数字化考核方式对学习效果进行反馈，以完成对学生在气动液压领域专业技能与创新设计能力培养的目标。

关键词： OBE教学；液压传动与气动；教学设计；实践

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0005-04

Curriculum Design of “Hydraulic Transmission and Pneumatic” Based on OBE Concept

HUANG Chong， LIU Fu-guo， XIE Pei-jun， WU Wen-xian

（School of Mechanics & Rail Transportation, Zhejiang Fashion Institute of Technology, Ningbo315211, China）

Abstract: “Hydraulic Transmission and Pneumatic” is a course with high correlation between theory and practice. In order to solve the problem of students' lack of learning enthusiasm and design innovation ability in the original way of education process, leading the OBE education concept into the course design, with student-centered and results-oriented teaching, which promotes students to comprehensively apply subject knowledge in tasks and cultivates students' system design and practical operation ability, it also provides feedback on learning effects through multiple digital assessment methods, so as to complete the goal of cultivating students'professional skills and innovative design ability in the field of pneumatic hydraulics.

Key words: OBE education; hydraulic transmission and pneumatic; instructional design; practice

基于IVMD及GNN的外啮合齿轮泵剩余寿命预测研究

叶欣¹，王东锋²，齐建军²，郭锐^1,4，赵静一^3,4，赵家炜⁴

(1.航天发射场可靠性技术重点实验室，海南海口571126；

2.北京特种工程设计研究院，北京100028；

3.秦皇岛燕大一华机电工程技术研究院有限公司，河北秦皇岛066004；

4.燕山大学河北省重型机械流体动力传输与控制重点实验室，河北秦皇岛066004)

摘要：齿轮泵剩余使用寿命预测对液压元件预防性维护具有重要意义。从流量退化的角度构建一种基于改进的变分模态分解(IVMD)方法及图神经网络(GNN)的外啮合齿轮泵寿命评价模型。首先运用经粒子群优化算法（PSO）优化后的变分模态分解（VMD）方法对齿轮泵原始振动数据进行降噪重构，再从时域、频域、时频域选取重构信号的特征指标并组成特征矩阵，将特征矩阵进行归一化处理后得到齿轮泵寿命评估指标。最后将评估指标与对应流量信号输入到GNN模型中进行训练，进而得到外啮合齿轮泵寿命评价模型。为验证IVMD-GNN模型的优越性，将其与模糊神经网络(ANFIS)及贝叶斯网络(Trainbr-RBFNN)进行对比。结果表明：IVMD-GNN模型预测结果的均方误差为1.68e-04，明显小于其他两种模型，且预测下的寿命分布与真实分布基本吻合，表明该模型拥有更高的准确性，能够对齿轮泵的剩余使用寿命进行评估。

关键词：外啮合齿轮泵；剩余使用寿命；图神经网络；粒子群优化算法

中图分类号：TH137;TH114文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0009-09

Research on Residual Life Prediction of External Gear Pump Based on IVMD and GNN

YE Xin¹, WANG Dong-feng², QI Jian-jun², GUO Rui^1,4, ZHAO Jing-yi^3,4, ZHAO Jia-wei⁴

(1. Key Laboratory of Space Launch Site Reliability Technology, Haikou571126,China;

2. Beijing Special Engineering Design Institution, Beijing100028, China;

3. Qinhuangdao Yanda Yihua Electromechanical Engineering Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Qinhuangdao066004, China;

4. Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Machinery Fluid Power Transmission and Control, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao066004, China)

Abstract: The prediction of the remaining service life of the gear pump is of great significance to the preventive maintenance of hydraulic components. From the perspective of flow degradation, a life evaluation model of external gear pump based on improved variational modal decomposition (IVMD) method and graph neural network (GNN) is constructed. First, use the variational modal decomposition (VMD) method optimized by the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) to reconstruct the original vibration data of the gear pump with noise reduction, and select the characteristics of the reconstructed signal from the time domain, frequency domain, and time-frequency domain. The indicators are combined to form a feature matrix, and the feature matrix is normalized to obtain the gear pump life evaluation indicators. Finally, the evaluation index and the corresponding flow signal are input into the GNN model for training, and then the life evaluation model of the external gear pump is obtained. In order to verify the superiority of IVMD-GNN model, compare it with fuzzy neural network (ANFIS) and Bayesian network (Trainbr-RBFNN) and evaluate the reliability index. The results show that the mean square error of the prediction results of the IVMD-GNN model is 1.68e-04, which is significantly smaller than the other two models, and the predicted life distribution is basically consistent with the true distribution, indicating that the model has higher accuracy and can be used for gears. The remaining service life of the pump is evaluated.

Key words: external gear pump; remaining service life; graph neural network; particle swarm optimization algorithm.

空气蝶阀密封涨圈的设计与实践

赵超雨，端春辉，韩俊豪

(新乡航空工业(集团)有限公司，河南新乡453019)

摘要：为解决高温空气蝶阀的内部密封和高寿命问题,该文提出一种基于弹性元件理念设计涨圈的方法,以某运输飞机引气系统交叉引气活门的密封涨圈为例的开展设计、弹力计算和开口尺寸计算，并结合该活门的耐久试验验证结果，证明该设计方法能够实现空气蝶阀的内部密封和高寿命,具有合理性和可行性，能够保证为空气蝶阀的涨圈密封设计定义提供理论基础。

关键词： 蝶阀密封；蝶阀涨圈；涨圈设计；金属密封；涨圈弹力

中图分类号：TH138；TB42文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0017-06

Design and Practice of Piston Ring for Air Butterfly Valve Sealing

ZHAO Chao-yu, DUAN Chun-hui, HAN Jun-hao

(AVIC Xinxiang Aviation Industry (Group) Co., Ltd., Xinxiang453019, China)

Abstract: To solve the problem of internal leakage and high endurance of high temperature Air butterfly, the paper provides a method of Piston Ring Design based on a thinking of springiness part, with an example of design definition, elasticity calculation and gap calculation for the metal piston ring of the Cross Bleed Valve (CBV) of Aero-transport Bleed Air System, and demonstrates the design method was rational and feasible and is able to meet the requirements of Internal Leakage and High Endurance Life of Air Butterfly, according to the endurance verification test results of the CBV, and provide a theoretic base for piston ring design of the Air Butterfly Valve.

Key words: butterfly valve sealing; butterfly valve piston ring; piston ring design; metal sealing; piston ring elasticity

双向W形金属薄壁封严环的力学性能研究

顾超，王云，杨蓓

（南昌航空大学飞行器工程学院，江西南昌330063）

摘要：该文研究了一种具有双层密封效果的W形金属薄壁封严环——双向W形封严环的力学特征和密封特性。双向W形封严环可实现径向的内/外两个方向的动密封，且能实现双层密封，对减小泄漏具有先天的优势，该文通过建立双向W形封严环的Abaqus有限元分析模型，计算分析了其刚度、Von-Mises应力分布以及泄漏率等力学性能。结果表明：双向W环轴向刚度随壁厚增加呈非线性增大，随波高增大呈非线性减小；双向W形封严环最大Von-Mises应力出现在抬升区外侧；相同条件下，双向W形封严环较单向W形封严环泄漏率减小了17%，与传统单向W形封严环相比，双向W形封严环密封性更好。

关键词： 弹性金属封严技术；W形封严环；形状；研究

中图分类号：TB42；TH136文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0023-05

Research on Sealing Performance and Axial Stiffness of Metallic M-W-Ring

GU Chao，WANG Yun，YANG Bei

（School of Aircraft Engineering， Nanchang HangKong University, Nanchang330063, China）

Abstract: W-sealing ring is a kind of elastic metallic seal which is used to solve sealing problem in extremely working conditions in aero space field. In order to improve the sealing performance of W-ring, a finite element model of M-W-ring was built, the differences of stress distribution, axial stiffness and leakage rate between the two rings are analyzed and compared. The characteristics of the double seal are discussed, the influence of wall thickness and wave height of M-W-ring on its stiffness is analyzed. Results show that within the elastic range, compared with the ordinary W-ring, and the leakage rate is reduced by 17%; the M-Wring axial stiffness increases nonlinearly with the increase of wall thickness and decreases nonlinearly with the increase of wave height.

Key words: elastic sealing technology; metallic W-ring; shape optimization; research

钻井泵强制润滑系统改进

王亚丽^1，2，崔巍^1，3，周小明^1，2，曾兴昌^1，2，郝建旭^1，2

(1.宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司，陕西宝鸡721002；

2.中油国家油气钻井装备工程技术研究中心有限公司，陕西宝鸡721002；

3.宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司钻机分公司，陕西宝鸡721002）

摘要：针对现有钻井泵强制润滑系统油压过高和溢流阀溢流严重的问题，应用有限元分析软件Fluent进行润滑管线流道数值模拟计算，对钻井泵的强制润滑管线改进和设计提出建议。

关键词：钻井泵；强制润滑；油量；需求量；改进

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0027-06

Improvement of Mud Pump Forced Lubrication System

WANG Ya-li^1，2, CUI Wei^1，3, ZHOU Xiao-ming^1，2, ZENG Xing-chang^1，2, HAO Jian-xu^1，2

(1. Baoji Oilfield Machinery Co., Ltd., Baoji721002, China；

2. CNPC National Engineering Research Center for Oil & Gas Drilling Equipment Co., Ltd., Baoji721002, China；

3. Baoji Oilfield Machinery Co., Ltd. Rig Branch, Baoji721002，China）

Abstract: For the problem of high oil pressure and relief valve overflow, analysis lubrication system by finite element software Fluent, present improvement and design suggestions for the mud pump forced lubrication system.

Key words: mud pump; forced lubrication system; oil level; demand; improvement

液压油管失稳变形问题的分析与研究

许伟峰¹，曲海涛²，吕明亮¹，李玉顺¹

Analysis and Research on Instability and Deformation of Hydraulic Tubing

XU Wei-feng¹，QU Hai-tao²，LV Ming-liang¹，LI Yu-shun¹

（1.北京航天发射技术研究所，北京100076；

2.胜利油田地面工程维修中心，山东东营257000）

摘要：液压油管作为输送介质的部件，在输送液压油时若承受较高的压力，则会发生屈曲变形。该文针对某液压缸无杆腔油管高压下弯曲变形问题，理论分析了特殊连接形式细长油管在高压作用下失稳变形的机理；通过对细长油管和液压缸体复合变形的计算和仿真分析问题机理，根据理论计算提出解决措施，经试验验证了该措施的有效性；对后续高压下细长油管及油缸设计和高压变形分析具有一定的指导意义。

关键词：无杆腔油管；失稳变形；径厚比；分析与研究

中图分类号：TH137  文献标志码：B  文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0033-04

插销式升降平台液压系统可靠性分析

易炳辉，王守城，李明通

（青岛科技大学机电工程学院，山东青岛266061）

摘要：插销式升降平台是一种高空机械举升设备，以其优越的爬升能力广泛应用于风电安装和海上施工。液压驱动系统作为核心部分，对平台的使用寿命和安全起着重要作用。从插销式升降平台的液压驱动系统工作原理入手，构建出液压驱动系统的可靠性框图，建立了液压系统的可靠性数学模型，然后计算出各子系统和整体系统的可靠度，在MATLAB软件里进行模拟仿真。得到插销式升降平台液压系统随时间变化的可靠性动态特性曲线，液压系统的平均无故障时间为3285.46 h。

关键词：插销式升降平台；液压驱动系统；可靠性框图；可靠度计算；MATLAB；动态特性曲线

中图分类号：TH137    文献标志码：A   文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0036-06

Reliability Analysis of Plug-pin Type Lifting Platform Hydraulic System

YI Bing-hui, WANG Shou-cheng, LI Ming-tong

(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering，Qingdao University of Science and Technology， Qingdao266061, China)

Abstract: The plug-pin type lifting platform is a kind of high-altitude mechanical lifting equipment, which is widely used in wind power installation and offshore construction with its superior climbing ability. As the core part, the hydraulic drive system plays an important role in the service life and safety of the platform. Starting from the working principle of the plug-pin type lifting platform hydraulic drive system, the reliability block diagram of the hydraulic drive system is constructed, the reliability mathematical model of the hydraulic system is established, and then the reliability of each subsystem and the whole system is calculated, the simulation is carried out in MATLAB software. The reliability dynamic characteristic curves of the plug-pin type lifting platform hydraulic system with time variation are obtained, the average fault-free time of the hydraulic system is 3285.46 h.

Key words: plug-pin type lifting platform; hydraulic drive system; reliability block diagram; reliability calculation; MATLAB; dynamic characteristic curve

一种电液伺服系统非线性动态稳定性控制方法

李兴瑞

A Nonlinear Dynamic Stability Control Method for Electro-hydraulic Servo System

LI Xing-rui

（鹤壁能源化工职业学院机电工程学院，河南鹤壁458000）

摘要：针对输送机电液伺服系统由非线性特征突变导致稳定性失效的问题，在输送机电液伺服系统结构基础上，构建了电液伺服系统非线性动态模型，通过电液伺服系统驱动域控制面演绎电液伺服系统液压弹力和耦合驱动力的动态关系，构建了全维状态观测器对电液伺服系统进行非线性动态特性的实时监测，最后在输送机电液伺服系统硬件在环测试实验台架上验证非线性动态运动稳定性控制方法的有效性，实验结果表明该方法能够有效地抑制电液伺服系统的稳定性失效，从而提升了输送机电液伺服系统的动态响应速度。

关键词： 输送机；电液伺服系统；非线性特征；稳定性；硬件在环测试

中图分类号：TH137;V233文献标志码：B文章编号：1008-0813（2022）0042-04

基于电液控制的多档位液压马达直驱JC15Y绞车的设计

刘远波^1,2，刘静^1,2，王兰^1,2，张革民^1,2，强文磊²，牛毅²

（1.中油国家油气钻井装备工程技术研究中心有限公司，陕西宝鸡721000；

2.宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司，陕西宝鸡721002）

摘要：针对目前常规钻井绞车传动链长、机构庞大、控制系统复杂、生产成本高、制造难度大等问题，开发一种多档位液压马达直驱钻井绞车。该绞车由2个对称布置的液压马达直接驱动滚筒轴，采用电液控制技术，通过液压马达不同排量组合实现绞车的多档位控制。液压动力单元通过比例控制方式，实现绞车在各档位的无级变速。该绞车具有动力传动和控制系统简单、功率密度大、体积小、重量轻等特点，可广泛应用于小型陆地钻机和修井机。

关键词： 液压马达直驱；多档位；无级调速；电液控制

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0045-03

Design of Multi-gear Hydraulic Motor Direct Drive JC15Y

Drawworks with Electro-hydraulic Control

LIU Yuan-bo^1,2, LIU Jing^1,2, WANG Lan^1,2, ZHANG Ge-min^1,2, QIANG Wen-lei², NIU Yi²

（1. National Oil&gas Drilling Equipment Research Center，Baoji721000，China；

2. Baoji Oilfield Machinery Co., Ltd., Baoji721002, China）

Abstract: Aiming at the current problems of conventional drawworks, such as long transmission chain, huge mechanism, complex control system, high production cost and difficult manufacturing, a multi-gear hydraulic motor direct drive drawworks was developed. The winch is directly driven by two symmetrical hydraulic motors, which adopt electro-hydraulic control technology and realize multi-gear control of the winch through the combination of hydraulic motors with different displacement. The hydraulic power system realizes the continuously viable speed regulation of the drawworks in each gear position through proportional control. The drawworks has the characteristics of simple power transmission and control system, high power density, small size and light weight, which can be widely used in small land drilling rigs and work over rigs.

Key words: hydraulic motor direct drive; multi-gear shift; continuously viable speed regulation; electro-hydraulic control

重载运输车液压系统优化研究

安四元

（中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司，山西太原030006）

摘要：通过分析重载运输车行走液压系统和转向制动液压系统工作原理，对现有重载运输车液压系统进行了优化设计，并对优化后的系统在重载运输车上进行了应用试验，结果表明：与优化前车辆相比，下坡稳定性能得到改善，转向轻便灵活，工作系统稳定可靠。

关键词： 重载运输车；行走液压系统；转向制动系统；可靠稳定

中图分类号：TH137;TD355文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0048-03

Research on Optimal of Hydraulic System for Heavy-duty Truck

AN Si-yuan

(Taiyuan Research Institute of China Coal Science and Industry, Taiyuan030006， China)

Abstract: By analyzing the working principle of the hydraulic system of the support carrier and the steering brake hydraulic system, the hydraulic system of the existing support carrier was optimized, and the optimized system was applied to the support carrier. The results showed that: Compared with the vehicle before optimization, the downhill stability is improved, the steering is light and flexible, and the working system is stable and reliable.

Key words: heavy-duty truck; traveling hydraulic system; steering brake system; reliable

催化装置外取热器循环水泵机械密封改造

张伟东

（中国石油天然气股份有限公司广西石化分公司， 广西钦州535000）

摘要：外取热器循环水泵是催化装置的重要设备，该设备输送介质温度高，压力高，机械密封失效会带来极大安全风险，原机械密封在设备运行初期可以满足长期使用，但经过10余年的运行后，密封产生泄漏，为了匹配现有设备工况，对机械密封进行改造，通过对密封结构的升级和泵送环的改进使机械密封可以在现有设备上稳定运行。避免了设备更新带来的经济损失，对类似产品的改造提供了借鉴意义。

关键词：催化装置；外取热器循环水泵；机械密封改造；结构改进

中图分类号：TB42文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0051-04

Modification on Mechanical Seal of External Heat Collector Circulating

Water Pump for Catalytic Unit

ZHANG Wei-dong

（PetroChina Guangxi Petrochemical Company，Qinzhou535000, China）

Abstract: The circulating water pump of the external heat collector is an important equipment of the catalytic device. The transmission medium temperature and pressure of the equipment are high, and the failure of the mechanical seal will bring great safety risks. The original mechanical seal can be used for a long time in the early stage of equipment operation, but after more than 10 years of operation, the seal produces leakage. In order to match the working conditions of the existing equipment, the mechanical seal is modified, By upgrading the sealing structure and improving the pumping ring, the mechanical seal can operate stably on the existing equipment. It avoids the economic loss caused by equipment renewal, and provides a reference for the transformation of similar products.

Key words: catalytic device; circulating water pump of the external heat collector; modification of mechanical seal； structural improvement

基于GSM远程控制的自动双轨伸缩雨棚的设计

王一惟，肖虎，潘亮，刘天阳，尚炳鑫

（国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司供电服务监管与支持中心，内蒙古通辽 028000）

摘要：为了在工业场景的全自动双轨伸缩雨棚控制中引入GSM控制功能，该研究将双轨伸缩雨棚的驱动装置从常规的双滑车驱动系统改造成分布式线性液压缸系统，并对雨棚的液压系统、激光定位系统、电控系统进行全面升级，最终使用2条GSM指令实现大型工业场景双轨伸缩雨棚的高可靠度控制。仿真验证中，该系统的控制精度达到0.0122 m，且故障率和事故率控制能力得到有效提升。

关键词： GSM远程控制；双轨伸缩雨棚；分布式液压控制；激光定位；控制可靠度

中图分类号：TH137;TM425文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0054-05

Design of Automatic Double Track Telescopic Canopy with GSM Remote Control

WANG Yi-wei, XIAO Hu, PAN Liang, LIU Tian-yang, SHANG Bing-xin

(Power Supply Service Supervision and Support Center of State Grid Inner Mongolia East Power

Co., Ltd., Tongliao028000, China)

Abstract: In order to introduce GSM control function into the full-automatic double track telescopic canopy control in the industrial scene, the driving device of the double track telescopic canopy is transformed from the conventional double pulley driving system to the distributed linear hydraulic cylinder system, and the hydraulic system, laser positioning system and electric control system of the canopy are comprehensively upgraded. Finally, two GSM commands are used to realize the high reliability control of double track telescopic canopy in large industrial scene. In the simulation verification, the control accuracy of the system reaches 0.0122 m, and the control ability of fault rate and accident rate is effectively improved.

Key words: GSM remote control; double track telescopic canopy; distributed hydraulic control; laser positioning; control reliability

装载机定变量液压系统能效提升研究

丁卫，王宜前，高名乾，李固，朱庆轩

（柳州柳工液压件有限公司，广西柳州545006）

摘要：现装载机主流工作液压系统主要为开中心定变量液压系统与全变量液压系统。开中心定变量液压系统，仅在整机纯运输工况下，工作在变量模式。一旦工作装置动作即转变为常规的开中心定量液压系统，此时液压系统将存在较大的节流损失。全变量液压系统在两工作装置复合动作时，低负载侧同样存在较大的节流损失。该文提出的闭中位定变量液压系统，整机工作装置单动作工况，工作模式等效于变量液压系统，全程无节流损失。整机工作装置复合动作工况，由于采用双进油口布置，双泵独立向各自控制的工作装置供油。液压系统工作过程中，无全变量液压系统存在的低负载侧的节流损失。

关键词： 液压系统能效；闭中位定变量液压系统；节流损失；研究

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0059-04

Study on Energy Efficiency Improvement of Fixed-variable Displacement

Hydraulic System for Loader

DING Wei, WANG Yi-qian, GAO Ming-qian, LI Gu, ZHU Qing-xuan

(Liuzhou Liugong Hydraulic Parts Co., Ltd., Liuzhou545006, China)

Abstract: At present, the main working hydraulic systems of loaders are open center fixed-variable hydraulic system and full variable hydraulic system. The open center fixed-variable hydraulic system works in variable mode only under the pure transportation condition. Once the working device acts, it will change to the conventional open center quantitative hydraulic system, and there will be a large throttling loss in the hydraulic system. When the two working devices of the full variable hydraulic system act in combination, there is also a large throttling loss at the low load side. The closed center position fixed-variable hydraulic system proposed in this paper, when the working device operates under single action working condition, the working mode is equivalent to the variable hydraulic system, and there is no throttling loss in the whole process. Under the compound action working condition of the working device, since the double oil inlet arrangement is adopted, the two pumps supply oil to the working devices controlled by each other independently. During the operation of the hydraulic system, there is no throttling loss at the low load side of the full variable hydraulic system.

Key words: energy efficiency of hydraulic system; closed center fixed-variable displacement hydraulic system; throttling loss; study

一种动态补偿算法的液压并联平台运动控制分析

李信言

（西安航空职业技术学院党政办公室， 陕西西安710089）

摘要：液压并联机构运动耦合常常抑制其运动精度，针对液压并联平台的运动耦合现象，在液压并联平台运动学模型基础上，分析了多工况下液压并联平台的驱动特性，提出一种基于动态补偿算法的运动控制方法，对液压并联平台多工况驱动力矩进行控制目标优化，构建了以液压作动器为载体的液压并联平台运动控制试验环境，通过模拟多工况输入验证运动控制方法的可靠性，实验结果表明动态补偿算法能够满足运动目标的优化效果且快速提升液压并联平台的运动控制精度。

关键词：液压并联机构；运动精度；耦合；动态补偿算法；液压作动器

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0062-04

Motion Control Analysis of Hydraulic Parallel Platform Based on a

Dynamic Compensation Algorithm

LI Xin-yan

(Xi'an Aeronautical Polytechnic Institute, Office of Party and Government Affairs,

Xi'an710089, China)

Abstract: The motion coupling of hydraulic parallel mechanism often inhibits its motion accuracy. Aiming at the motion coupling phenomenon of hydraulic parallel platform, based on the kinematic model of hydraulic parallel platform, the dynamic characteristics of hydraulic parallel platform under multiple working conditions are analyzed, and a motion control method based on dynamic compensation algorithm is proposed to optimize the control objectives of driving torque of hydraulic parallel platform under multiple working conditions.The motion control test environment of the hydraulic parallel platform with the hydraulic actuator as the carrier is constructed. The reliability of the motion control method is verified by simulating the input of multiple working conditions. The experimental results show that the dynamic compensation algorithm can meet the optimization effect of the motion target and quickly improve the motion control accuracy of the hydraulic parallel platform.

Key words: hydraulic parallel mechanism; motion accuracy; coupling; dynamic compensation algorithm; hydraulic actuator

浅谈轴向柱塞泵的故障分析与预防改进

陈晋市¹，张志伟¹，张淼淼¹，张卫东²，杨飞³，徐健⁴

(1.吉林大学机械与航空航天工程学院，吉林长春130025；

2.天津工程机械研究院有限公司，天津300409；

3.林德液压（中国）有限公司，山东潍坊261000；

4.海信视像科技股份有限公司，山东青岛266000)

摘要：工程机械轴向柱塞泵在实际的工作过程中，由于物理、化学因素或操作人员使用不当等人为因素的影响，在使用一段时间后轴向柱塞泵会出现一些故障现象，致使轴向柱塞泵的使用寿命缩减，影响施工进度。为了解决轴向柱塞泵在工作过程中出现的故障问题，对常见的几种故障进行了分析。通过研究轴向柱塞泵的故障情况，对引起轴向柱塞泵故障的原因进行了详细的分析，并提出了改进方案；重新投入使用后验证了改进方案的可行性。提出了关于轴向柱塞泵设计、运行和维护的预防措施，提高了轴向柱塞泵的稳定性和可靠性，为今后轴向柱塞泵的现场故障解决和预防提供了有效参考。

关键词：工程机械；轴向柱塞泵；故障分析；预防改进

中图分类号：TH137.51文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0066-05

Discussion on Fault Analysis and Prevention Improvement of Axial Piston Pump

CHEN Jin-shi¹，ZHANG Zhi-wei¹，ZHANG Miao-miao¹，

ZHANG Wei-dong²，YANG Fei³，XU Jian⁴

(1. School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun130025, China；

2. Tianjin Engineering Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Tianjin300409, China；

3. Linde Hydraulic (China) Co., Ltd., Weifang261000, China;

4. Hisense Video Technology Co., Ltd., Qingdao266000, China)

Abstract: Engineering machinery axial piston pump in the actual work process, due to the physical, chemical factors or the operator of improper use of human factors, in the use of a period of time after the axial piston pump will appear some failure phenomenon, resulting in the service life of the axial piston pump reduced, affecting the construction progress. In order to solve the problems of axial piston pump in the process of work, several common failures were analyzed. By studying the failure of the axial piston pump, the causes of the failure of the axial piston pump are analyzed in detail, and the improvement scheme is put forward. The feasibility of the improved scheme is verified after it is put into use again. The preventive measures about the design, operation and maintenance of the axial piston pump are put forward, which improves the stability and reliability of the axial piston pump, and provides an effective reference for the field fault solving and prevention of the axial piston pump in the future.

Key words: construction machinery; axial piston pump; failure analysis; prevention and improvement

液压泵齿轮副的摩擦学特性测试与故障诊断

贾丹丹

（烟台汽车工程职业学院，山东烟台265500）

摘要：为提升齿轮液压泵的稳定性和安全性，对齿轮副的摩擦学特性进行测试，基于振动检测技术对其机械损伤进行定性诊断。通过摩擦试验机，得出齿轮副啮合点相对速度、啮合压力对平均摩擦系数和摩擦稳定系数的影响规律。分析齿轮副的失效机理，采用振动与动平衡测试仪得出齿面磨损和齿面断裂的振动响应特性。该研究能够为液压泵工作参数的优化提供重要依据，有效降低液压设备的维护成本。

关键词： 液压泵；齿轮；摩擦；磨损；振动

中图分类号：TH137;TG502.32文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0070-04

Tribological Characteristic Test and Fault Diagnosis of  Hydraulic Pump Gear Pair

JIA Dan-dan

(Yantai Automotive Engineering Career Academy, Yantai265500, China)

Abstract: In order to improve the stability and safety of gear hydraulic pump, the tribological characteristics of gear pair are tested, and its mechanical damage is qualitatively diagnosed based on vibration detection technology. Through the friction testing machine, the influence laws of the relative speed of the meshing point of the gear pair and the meshing pressure on the average friction coefficient and the friction stability coefficient are obtained. The failure mechanism of gear pair is analyzed, and the vibration response characteristics of tooth surface wear and tooth surface fracture are obtained by using vibration and dynamic balance tester. This research can provide an important basis for the optimization of working parameters of hydraulic pump and effectively reduce the maintenance cost of hydraulic equipment.

Key words: hydraulic pump; gear; friction; wear; vibration

聚丙烯装置A-301动力分离器密封结构升级改造

徐文蛟¹，胡雅男²，彭敏¹，孟小松¹

（1.中密控股股份有限公司，四川成都610045；

2.中国石油天然气股份有限公司大港石化分公司，天津300270）

摘要：聚丙烯装置动力分离器机械密封故障率高使用寿命短，多次造成装置临时停车。此次升级改造在分析原机械密封故障原因的基础上，提出了采用干气密封的解决方案，通过现场工业运行证明了改造后的机械密封已达到了改造的预期，延长设备运行周期的同时创造了较大的经济效益。

关键词： 聚丙烯装置；动力分离器；机械密封；结构；改造

中图分类号：TB42文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0074-05

Upgrading on Mechanical Seal Structure of A-301 Dynamic

Separator for Polypropylene Plant

XU Wen-jiao¹, HU Ya-nan², PENG Min¹, MENG Xiao-song¹

（1. Sinoseal Hoidings Co., Ltd., Chengdu610045, China;

2. China Petro China Dagang Petrochemical Company， Tianjin300270, China）

Abstract: The mechanical seal of the dynamic separator in the polypropylene unit has a high failure rate and short service life, resulting in the temporary shutdown of the unit for many times. Based on the analysis of the failure causes of the original mechanical seal, this upgrade proposed the solution of using dry gas seal. Through the on-site industrial operation, it was proved that the modified mechanical seal has met the expectations of the transformation, and created greater economic benefits while prolonging the operation cycle of the equipment.

Key words: polypropylene unit; dynamic separator; mechanical seal; structure; reform

一种节能型液压平衡阀性能分析研究

许红范，李广东

（兰州兰石石油装备工程股份有限公司，甘肃兰州730314）

摘要：平衡阀常用于具有负负载的场合，但是传统平衡阀存在功率损失和低频振荡的问题，针对该问题，通过介绍传统平衡阀的工作原理，分析了造成功率损失和低频振荡的主要原因，提出了一种节能型液压平衡阀，该平衡阀可以有效地解决传统平衡阀功率损失和低频振荡的问题，并对其节能性能进行了详细的分析研究。

关键词： 平衡阀；节能；功率损失；振荡；低压再生

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0079-04

Performance Analysis and Research of a Kind of Energy Saving Hydraulic Balance Valve

XU Hong-fan，LI Guang-dong

(Lanzhou LS Petroleum Equipwent Engineering Co., Ltd., Lanzhou730314, China)

Abstract: The balance valve is often used in situations with negative load, but the traditional balance valve has the problem of power loss and low-frequency oscillation. Aiming at this problem, through introducing the working principle of the traditional balance valve, the paper analyzes the main causes of power loss and low-frequency oscillation, and puts forward a kind of energy-saving hydraulic balance valve.The balance valve can effectively solve the problems of power loss and low frequency oscillation of the traditional balance valve, and its energy saving performance is analyzed in detail.

Key words: balance valve; energy saving; power loss; oscillation; low pressure regeneration

基于故障树分析的机电液压设备智能化诊断策略研究

韩影¹，高传磊²，王宇璐¹，周晚¹，刘小英¹

（1.咸阳职业技术学院机电（技师）学院，陕西咸阳712000；

2.彩虹集团（邵阳）特种玻璃有限公司，陕西咸阳712000）

摘要：机电液设备结构复杂、组件耦合性强，传统的故障诊断方法无法准确地实现故障定位和精细化分析，针对机电液设备的关键组件诊断，设定关键组件的故障诊断项，构建了机电液设备的智能化诊断拓扑结构，采用基于故障树分析方法的机电液设备故障诊断，利用模糊诊断算法实现设备的故障监测，通过搭建机电液设备的智能化故障诊断实验环境验证诊断策略的可靠性和准确性，实验结果表明设计的智能化诊断策略快速地提升机电液设备的诊断准确性和效率。

关键词： 机电液设备；故障诊断；拓扑结构；故障树；模糊诊断算法

中图分类号：TH137;TP241文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0082-04

Research on Intelligent Diagnosis Strategy of Electromechanical and

Hydraulic Equipment based on Fault Tree Analysis

HAN Ying¹, GAO Chuan-lei², WANG Yu-lu¹, ZHOU Wan¹, LIU Xiao-ying¹

(1. Xianyang Vocational Technical College School of Mechatronic Engineering and Electrical (Technician) , Xianyang712000, China;

2. Caihong Group (Shaoyang) Special Glass Co., Ltd., Xianyang712000, China)

Abstract: Due to the complex structure and strong component coupling of electromechanical and hydraulic equipment, the traditional fault diagnosis methods can not accurately realize fault location and fine analysis. For the key component diagnosis of electromechanical and hydraulic equipment, the fault diagnosis items of key components are set, the intelligent diagnosis topology of electromechanical and hydraulic equipment is constructed, and the fault diagnosis of electromechanical and hydraulic equipment based on fault tree analysis method is adopted, The fuzzy diagnosis algorithm is used to realize the fault monitoring of equipment. The reliability and accuracy of the diagnosis strategy are verified by building an intelligent fault diagnosis experimental environment for electromechanical and hydraulic equipment. The experimental results show that the designed intelligent diagnosis strategy can quickly improve the diagnosis accuracy and efficiency of electromechanical and hydraulic equipment.

Key words: electromechanical and hydraulic equipment; fault diagnosis; topology; fault tree; fuzzy diagnosis algorithm

悬臂式掘进机液压故障诊断系统设计

吴晋军

(中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司，山西太原030006)

摘要：分析了煤矿井下悬臂式掘进机液压系统的常见故障及原因，设计了液压故障诊断系统。当液压系统出现故障时，通过对运行参数的实时监测和分析，自动快速判断故障点，发出预警信息，辅助人员对液压系统进行快速检修，提高工作效率和安全性，并经过了井下应用验证。

关键词： 掘进机；液压系统；故障诊断；设计

中图分类号：TH137;TD421文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0086-05

Design of Hydraulic Fault Diagnosis System for Roadheader

WU Jin-jun

(Taiyuan Research Institute of China Coal Technology & Engineering Group Corporation,

Taiyuan030006, China)

Abstract: The common faults and causes of the hydraulic system of the roadheader in coal mines are analyzed, and the hydraulic fault diagnosis system is designed. When the hydraulic system fails, through real-time monitoring and analysis of operating parameters, it can automatically and quickly determine the fault point, issue early warning information, and assist personnel to quickly repair the hydraulic system to improve work efficiency and safety, and has been verified by underground applications.

Key words: roadheader; hydraulic system; fault diagnosis; design

推土机用转向制动阀阀体小批量生产工艺方案研究

张宝成

(太重集团榆次液压工业有限公司，山西榆次030600)

摘要：转向制动阀为推土机液压系统重要元件之一，用来控制车辆转向操作。该文通过对转向制动阀产品结构及试验要求进行分析，对转向制动阀阀体小批量生产过程中关键工艺工装方案进行了研究和探讨。

关键词： 推土机；转向制动阀；阀体；研究

中图分类号：TH137   文献标志码：A    文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0090-04

Study on Small Batch Production Process Scheme of Steering Brake Valve Body for Bulldozer

ZHANG Bao-cheng

(Taiyuan Heavy Machinery Group Yuci Hydraulic Industry Co., Ltd., Yuci, 030600China)

Abstract: Steering brake valve is one of the important components of bulldozer hydraulic system, which is used to control vehicle steering operation. Based on the analysis of the product structure and test requirements of steering brake valve, this paper studies and discusses the key process and tooling scheme in the small batch production of steering brake valve body.

Key words: bulldozer； steering brake valve； valve body; study

一种膜片式流体滤波器的结构设计

谭文成¹，高忠国²

（1.潍坊市坊子区信息产业发展促进中心，山东潍坊261200；

2.豪迈集团股份有限公司，山东潍坊261500）

摘要：该文以衰减液压系统压力脉动为研究对象，设计一种膜片式流体滤波器，对流体滤波器主容腔容积、共振腔容积、壳体壁厚等参数进行理论分析,并加工完成流体滤波器实验样机。依托液压振动测试实验平台，对滤波器性能进行实验测试。实验结果表明：膜片式流体滤波器可以对中、低频压力脉动进行衰减。

关键词： 膜片式；压力脉动；流体滤波器；结构设计

中图分类号：TH137.7文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0093-03

Design of a Fluid Filter with Membrane Structure

TAN Wen-cheng¹, GAO Zhong-guo²

(1.    Information Technology Development and Promotion Center of Fang-zi,

(2.    Weifang261200, China;

2. Himile Group Co., Ltd., Weifang261500, China)

Abstract: In order to reduce the hydraulic system pressure pulsation, a fluid filter with membrane structure is designed in this paper, the main cavity volume、resonant cavity volume and shell wall thickness of the fluid filter are theoretically analyzed, and the experimental prototype of the fluid filter is processed. An experiment on the hydraulic vibration test bench is held to find out the attenuation performance. The results show that: the fluid filter can attenuate the intermediate and low frequency pressure pulsation.

Key words: membrane structure; pressure pulsation; fluid filter; structure design

气动消声器噪声测试方法标准研究

应男，刘丽娇，许林斌，闵海涛，吕静霞，任志胜

Research on the Standards of Noise Test Methods for Pneumatic Silencers

YING Nan, LIU Li-jiao, XU Lin-bin, MIN Hai-tao, LV Jing-xia, REN Zhi-sheng

(国家气动产品质量监督检验中心，浙江奉化315500)

摘要：对国内外气动消声器噪声测试方法标准进行了分析比较，得出了测试回路、传声器数量、测量点分布、测试距离、试验压力、评价方法等方面的异同，ISO 20145-2019标准通过放气模式适用于更大通径消声器的测试。分别依据不同标准对多种口径的金属和塑料材质的气动消声器进行噪声测试，实验结果表明：数据差异显著，判定结果各异，不利于气动消声器的噪声水平评价，建议采用在设定工况下安装消声器时的排气噪声声压级来评价消声器消声性能。

关键词：气动消声器；标准研究；噪声水平；消声效果

中图分类号：TH138   文献标志码：B    文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0096-04

一种带双充双控功能的灭火剂自动充填系统

吕少力，刘国玺，王秋香

An Automatic Filling System of Fire Extinguishing Agent with

Double Filling and Double Control Function

LV Shao-li, LIU Guo-xi, WANG Qiu-xiang

（中航飞机起落架有限责任公司，陕西汉中723200）

摘要：该文提出了一种对同一灭火瓶可充填灭火剂二氟一氯一溴甲烷（1211）、辅助介质为氮气（双充），既能控制灭火剂充填重量、又能控制灭火瓶内充填压力（双控）的充填系统和方法，充填过程只需一次连接，可以自动完成全部充填过程。该技术对现有1211灭火剂充填方式进行了创新，采用了高中低压兼顾的氮气充填系统、1211充填系统、1211回填系统，配以压力检测、称重检测、压力通断回路等措施，实现对灭火瓶一次连接就能完成双充双控、定量定压等全过程充填作业，为提高灭火剂充填设备的安全性、准确性、提高作业效率发挥积极作用。

关键词： 灭火剂；双充；双控；原理

中图分类号：TH138文献标志码：B文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0099-04

基于PLC的气动机械手多向耦合运动控制方法研究

崔慧娟，朱建雷

Research on Multi Direction Coupling Motion Control Method of

Pneumatic Manipulator with PLC

CUI Hui-juan, ZHU Jian-lei

（咸阳职业技术学院 机电(技师)学院，陕西咸阳712000）

摘要：气动机械手是一种非常重要的仿人手功能的现代化控制装置，针对气动机械手在动态运动过程中耦合性较强导致控制偏差较大的问题，在气动机械手驱动系统结构基础上，设计了气动机械手的气动系统回路，利用PLC控制技术和运动解耦算法，构建了气动机械手整体的硬件接线和控制梯形图，搭建了组态测试环境并导入自动化测试功能，验证了所设计运动控制方法的可行性和准确性。

关键词： 气动机械手；动态运动；气动系统；PLC；组态测试环境

中图分类号：TH138;TP241文献标志码：B文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0103-04

高温气动快开截止阀结构分析与试验研究

张建斌¹，金虎²，项光洪²，雷磊²，王晓钧¹，吴怀昆¹

（1.合肥通用机械研究院有限公司，安徽合肥230031；

2.浙江石化阀门有限公司，浙江温州325025）

摘要：气动截止阀在工作时，活塞的上端有剩余的压缩气体，如果不能快速排掉，则对活塞上行产生阻尼，活塞移动速度不快，阀门也就不能快速开启。现有的技术不能达到活塞的快速上升，实现不了活塞上面的压缩空气必须在0.015 s内排除的技术难题。为了现有技术的不足，提供一种可以快速开启、性能稳定、适用高温环境下的气动截止阀。

关键词： 高温；气动；快开；截止阀

中图分类号：TH138    文献标志码：A    文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0106-04

Structural Analysis and Test Study of High Temperature Pneumatic

Quick Opening Globe Valve

ZHANG Jian-bin¹, JIN Hu², XIANG Guang-hong², LEI lei², WANG Xiao-jun¹, WU Huai-kun¹

(1. Hefei General Machinery Research Institute, Hefei230031, China;

2. Zhejiang Petrochemical Valve Co., Ltd., Wenzhou325025, China)

Abstract: When the pneumatic stop valve is working, there is residual compressed gas at the upper end of the piston. If it cannot be discharged quickly, it will damp the upward movement of the piston. If the piston moves slowly, the valve cannot be opened quickly. The existing technology can not achieve the rapid rise of the piston in 015.0 seconds, which must be eliminated. In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, a pneumatic stop valve with fast opening, stable performance and suitable for high temperature environment is provided.

Key words: high temperature; pneumatic; quick opening; globe valve

气悬浮压缩机冷水机组的研究现状及测试

陆婷婷¹，刘宇轩¹，刘骏亚¹，王静¹，周坤¹，刘磊²

（1.合肥通用机械研究院有限公司，安徽合肥230000；

2.依米康科技集团股份有限公司，四川成都610041）

摘要：该文介绍了国内气体动压轴承的研究现状以及问题，由于气悬浮离心压缩机的样机很少，该文选取了乐金空调（山东）有限公司研制的气悬浮变频离心式冷水机组（型号：MCWFLLH）作为样机进行测试，给出了部分实验数据供参考，从测试数据可以看出气悬浮离心冷水机组的能效比和IPLV接近磁悬浮离心压缩机，而气悬浮变频离心式冷水机组相较于磁悬浮变频离心式冷水机组成本更低、结构更简单、体积更小，所以气悬浮技术是未来发展趋势。

关键词： 气悬浮离心冷水机组；实验数据；能效比；IPLV

中图分类号：TH138     文献标志码：A    文章编号：1008-0813（2022）08-0110-03

Research Status and Test of Air Suspension Centrifugal Compressor Chiller

LU Ting-ting¹, LIU Yu-xuan¹, LIU Jun-ya¹, WANG Jing¹, ZHOU Kun¹, LIU Lei²

（1. Hefei General Machinery Research Institute, Hefei230000, China;

2. Yimicang Technology Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu610041, China）

Abstract: The research status and test of air suspension compressor chiller this paper introduces the research status and problems of domestic pneumatic pressure bearing. Because of the few prototype of air suspension centrifugal compressor, this paper selects the air suspension variable frequency centrifugal chiller (model: MCWFLLH) developed by lejin air conditioning (Shandong) Co., Ltd. as the prototype for testing, Some experimental data are given for reference. It can be seen from the test data that the energy efficiency ratio of air suspension centrifugal chiller is close to that of the IPLV. Compared with the maglev variable frequency centrifugal chiller, the cost of the air suspension variable frequency centrifugal chiller is lower, the structure is simpler and the volume is smaller, so the air suspension technology is the future development trend.

Key words: air suspension centrifugal chiller; experimental data;energy efficiency ratio; IPLV