焦文瑞

（镇江液压股份有限公司，江苏镇江212021）

摘要：介绍了液压扭矩放大器发展历史和跨国公司的新产品，对液压扭矩放大器技术特点、使用回路和性能进行梳理总结，指出当前液压扭矩放大器应用情况与前景。

关键词： 放大扭矩；最高转速；总效率；分析

中图分类号：TH137.51文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0001-05

Technical Analysis of Hydraulic Torque Amplifier for Power-assisted Steering

JIAO Wen-rui

（Zhenjiang Hydraulics Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang212021, China)

Abstract: The paper introduces development history of the hydraulic torque amplifier and the new products of multinational companies, summarizes the technical characteristics, use circuit and performance, points out application situation and prospect of the hydraulic torque amplifiers.

Key words: amplifying torque; maximum speed; total efficiency; analysis

新能源汽车的电控液压制动系统设计

路燕

（烟台汽车工程职业学院，山东烟台265500）

摘要：为提升新能源汽车液压制动力矩的控制精度，提出一种电控系统，包括由电磁阀、蓄能器、柱塞泵和电机等组成的调压单元和由主液压缸、电控制动助力器等组成的建压单元。针对液压制动回路的结构特点，确立反馈调节流程和压力控制方案。通过测试得出液压缸有杆腔压力和伺服阀输出压力变化特性，结果表明，该电控系统能够将压力偏差控制在5%以内，有效降低压力的波动性。

关键词： 液压；制动系统；电控；压力；反馈调节

中图分类号：TH137；TG502.32文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0005-04

Design of Electronic Hydraulic Braking System for New Energy Vehicles

LU Yan

(Yantai Automotive Engineering Career Academy, Yantai265500, China)

Abstract: In order to improve the control accuracy of hydraulic braking torque of new energy vehicles, an electronic control system is proposed, including a pressure regulating unit composed of solenoid valve, accumulator, plunger pump and motor and a pressure building unit composed of main hydraulic cylinder and electronic brake booster. According to the structural characteristics of hydraulic braking circuit, the feedback regulation process and pressure control scheme are established. The test results show that the electronic control system can control the pressure deviation within 5% and effectively reduce the pressure fluctuation.

Key words: hydraulic; braking system; electric control; pressure; feedback regulation

粘性介质下离心泵作透平性能换算研究

张欣娟¹，雷王浩¹，田龙²

（1.西安铁道技师学院，陕西西安710038；

2.兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院，甘肃兰州730050）

摘要：为了研究各低比转速离心泵反转作透平在不同黏度介质下与泵工况下运行的换算关系，该文选取不同的5台低比转速离心泵反转作透平为研究对象，在所选的不同黏度介质下进行数值模拟，得到这几种黏度介质中透平最优工况时与泵在清水中运行的最优工况时效率、流量、扬程和功率换算系数。参照流体力学中雷诺数的定义，在这里定义一个泵的叶轮雷诺数，其公式中的速度和长度则分别变为泵叶轮出口圆周速度和出口直径，从而得到随叶轮雷诺数的改变换算系数的变化规律，以及以叶轮雷诺数、泵比转速的自变量的换算系数的表达式。研究发现：随着叶轮雷诺数的增大效率换算系数逐渐增大；但是功率换算系数呈现先减小后增大的趋势随叶轮雷诺数的增大；同时流量、扬程换算系数伴随着雷诺数的增大均出现减少；所得换算关系式可比较准确地得到某一黏度下、任一低比转速泵作透平的性能换算系数，从而预测泵作透平时的性能参数。

关键词： 液力透平；介质黏度；叶轮雷诺数；换算系数

中图分类号：TH137.33；TH312文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0009-07

Study on Conversion Relation of Pump as Turbine in Viscous Medium

ZHANG Xin-juan¹, LEI Wang-hao¹, TIAN Long²

(1. Xi'an Railway Technician College, Xi'an710038, China;

2. College of Energy and Power Engineering， Lanzhou University of Technology， Lanzhou730050, China)

Abstract: In order to study the conversion relationship between the reverse operation of each low specific speed centrifugal pump as turbine in different viscosity medium and pump working condition, this paper selects 5 different low specific speed centrifugal pumps as the research object, and conducts numerical simulation under the selected different viscosity medium, The efficiency, flow rate, head and power conversion coefficient of the optimal turbine working condition and pump in clear water are obtained. Referring to the definition of Reynolds number in hydrodynamics, the impeller Reynolds number of a pump is defined here. The velocity and length in the formula are respectively changed into the peripheral velocity and diameter of the impeller outlet. Thus, the change rule of conversion coefficient with the change of impeller Reynolds number and the expression of conversion coefficient with the independent variable of impeller Reynolds number and pump specific speed are obtained. The results show that: with the increase of impeller Reynolds number, the efficiency conversion coefficient increases gradually; however, the power conversion coefficient decreases first and then increases with the increase of impeller Reynolds number; meanwhile, the conversion coefficient of flow and head decreases with the increase of Reynolds number; the conversion relationship can be used to get the performance exchange of any low specific speed pump as turbine with certain viscosity The coefficient is calculated to predict the performance parameters of pump.

Key words: hydraulic turbine; medium viscosity; impeller renolds number; conversion coefficient

基于ANSYS液压缸缸筒的模态分析和轻量化设计

王伟，穆洪云

(贵州大学机械工程学院，贵州贵阳550025)

摘要：目前工程机械行业发展快速，挖掘机在施工中扮演着重要角色，但挖掘机在工作中能量利用率低，造价昂贵，因此对挖掘机部件进行模态分析和轻量化设计具有重要意义。该文主要是对挖掘机的液压缸进行模态分析和轻量化设计，使用UG软件建立液压缸三维模型，然后导入ANSYS中进行模态分析和轻量化设计。在满足正常工作的条件下，以液压缸缸筒总质量最小为优化目标。通过结果分析，经过优化过后的液压缸缸筒，最大应力减少了4.8%，最大变形量减少了5.2%，质量减少了4.7%。

关键词：液压缸；三维模型；模态分析；轻量化设计

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0015-05

Modal Analysis and Lightweight Design of Hydraulic Cylinders Based on ANSYS

WANG Wei, MU Hong-yun

(School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang550025, China)

Abstract: At present, the construction machinery industry is developing rapidly, and excavators play an important role in construction, but excavators have low energy utilization during work and are expensive. Therefore, modal analysis and lightweight design of excavator components are of great significance. This article mainly carries on the modal analysis and lightweight design to the hydraulic cylinder of the excavator, uses UG software to establish the three-dimensional model of the hydraulic cylinder, and then imports it into ANSYS for modal analysis and lightweight design. Under the normal working conditions, the total mass of the hydraulic cylinder is the optimization goal. Through the analysis of the results, the optimized hydraulic cylinder barrel has reduced the maximum stress by 4.8%, the maximum deformation by 5.2%, and the mass by 4.7%.

Key words: hydraulic cylinder; three-dimensional model; modal analysis; lightweight design

螺旋角对螺旋槽上游泵送机械密封性能影响分析

刘杰，李香，杨博峰，董文平，李凤成，丁思云

（合肥通用机械研究院有限公司机械工业机械密封工程技术中心通用机械复合材料技术

安徽省重点实验室，安徽合肥230031）

摘要：针对低压气态螺旋槽上游泵送机械密封，采用有限差分法建立密封端面润滑分析模型，研究单螺旋角、双螺旋角螺旋槽对密封性能的影响规律。分析结果表明，在低转速时，端面间的开启力、气膜刚度随着螺旋角的增大，不断下降，而泄漏量不断增大；在高转速时，端面间的开启力、气膜刚度随着螺旋角的增大先增大后降低，而泄漏量先减小后增大；双螺旋角螺旋槽在密封端面形成的最大开启力优于单螺旋角，且工作面螺旋角大于背面螺旋角时，更易获得较大的端面开启力。该文研究内容可为螺旋槽上游泵送机械密封结构优化提供更多方向。

关键词： 螺旋角；螺旋槽；上游泵送；密封性能

中图分类号：TB42; TH117.2   文献标志码：A   文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0020-05

Analysis of the Influence of Spiral Angle on Performance of Upstream

Pumping Mechanical Seal with Spiral Groove

LIU Jie, LI Xiang, YANG Bo-feng, DONG Wen-ping, LI Feng-cheng, DING Si-yun

(Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Machinery Industry Research Center of Mechanical Seal, Anhui Key Laboratory of General Mechanical Composite Technology, Hefei230031, China)

Abstract: Aimed at the upstream pumping mechanical seal with low pressure gas spiral groove, the finite difference method was used to establish the lubrication analysis model of seal end face, and the influence law of single spiral Angle and double spiral Angle spiral groove on sealing performance was studied. The results show that at low rotational speed, the opening force and gas film stiffness decrease with the increase of screw Angle, while the leakage increases. At high rotational speed, the opening force and gas film stiffness increase first and then decrease with the increase of spiral Angle, while the leakage decreases first and then increases. The maximum opening force formed by the double spiral angle spiral groove seal face is better than that of the single spiral angle, and when the working face spiral angle is larger than the reverse spiral angle, it is easier to obtain larger opening force of the end face. The research content of this paper can provide more directions for the optimization of spiral groove upstream pumping mechanical seal structure.

Key words: spiral angle; spiral groove; upstream pumping; the sealing performance

液压锥阀阀芯振荡空化现象数值模拟

刘子晨¹，马云飞¹，刘乐璠¹，王鹰鹏²，闵为¹，郑直¹

（1.兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院，甘肃兰州730500；

2.中国原子能工业有限公司，北京100032）

摘要：基于OpenFOAM及动网格技术针对液压锥阀在作为调压阀工作时，由于阀芯表面受到液体冲击的作用，阀芯极易出现振荡现象，同时由于振荡导致的压力波动造成阀口空化的现象进行分析，并对于该类阀口结构如其他球阀，V型槽滑阀等在OpenFOAM中的动网格技术提出一种较为通用的网格规划以及网格扩散方式，解决在OpenFOAM中较难实现的细小狭缝平动问题。在此基础上通过阀芯的振荡幅值以及振荡周期对阀口空化的影响进行模拟分析。研究表明，对于锥阀这类附着在阀体固定壁面处的空化类型，且空化较为微弱时，阀芯的振荡对于阀口处的空化影响主要是间接的影响，其实质主要是阀口处有效过流面积改变导致的压力改变带来的影响，阀芯的振荡因素对空化的直接影响受到一定程度的削弱。

关键词： 锥阀；振荡空化；OpenFOAM；动网格

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0024-06

Numerical Simulation of Oscillating Cavitation Phenomenon of Hydraulic Poppet Valve

LIU Zi-chen¹， MA Yun-fei¹， LIU Yue-fan¹， WANG Ying-peng²， MIN Wei¹， ZHENG Zhi¹

(1. Lanzhou University of Technology，School of Energy and Power Engineering， Lanzhou730500，China；

2. China Nuclear Energy Industry Corporation，Beijing100032, China)

Abstract: Based on OpenFOAM and dynamic grid technology, when the hydraulic poppet valve is working as a pressure regulating valve, the valve core is prone to oscillation due to the impact of liquid on the surface of the valve core, and at the same time, the valve port is cavitation due to pressure fluctuations caused by the oscillation Analyze the phenomenon, and propose a more general grid planning and grid diffusion method for this kind of valve port structure such as other ball valves, V-groove spool valves, etc. in OpenFOAM's dynamic grid technology, to solve the difficulties in OpenFOAM The realization of the small slit translation problem. On this basis, the impact of the spool's oscillation amplitude and oscillation period on the cavitation of the valve port is simulated and analyzed. Studies have shown that for cone valves such as the type of cavitation attached to the fixed wall of the valve body, and the cavitation is relatively weak, the oscillation of the valve core has an indirect effect on the cavitation at the valve port, and its essence is mainly the valve The influence of the pressure change caused by the change of the effective flow area at the port, the direct influence of the spool's oscillation factor on the cavitation is weakened to a certain extent.

Key words: poppet valve； oscillating cavitation； OpenFOAM； dynamic grid

液压振动冲击机器人破碎锤液压系统特性分析

苏杰

（中铁工程机械研究设计院有限公司，湖北武汉430000）

摘要：该文通过分析液压振动冲击机器人样机实测数据，找出了其破碎锤液压系统输入流量、压力之间的相互关系，结合冲击机械的波动力学特性，推导出破碎锤最终的冲击功率与液压系统输入流量和负载介质刚度之间的关系，为实际有效操作机器人破碎提供理论指导。

关键词： 开挖机器人；破碎锤液压系统；冲击机械；波动力学

中图分类号：TH137；U445.32文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0029-05

Characteristics Analysis of Breaker Hydraulic System of Hydraulic Vibration Impact Robot

SU Jie

（China Railway Engineering Machinery Research & Design Institute Co., Ltd.,

 Wuhan430000, China）

Abstract: By analyzing the measured data of the hydraulic vibration impact robot prototype, this paper finds out the relationship between the input flow and pressure of the hydraulic system of the crushing hammer. Combined with the wave mechanics characteristics of the impact machinery, it deduces the relationship between the final impact power of the crushing hammer and the input flow of the hydraulic system and the stiffness of the load medium, which provides a theoretical basis for the effective operation of the robot crushing Guidance.

Key words: excavation robot; hydraulic system of breaking hammer; impact machinery; wave dynamics

倾转旋翼机短舱倾转驱动同步性技术研究

白亮亮，张亚斌，曹圣兵

(庆安集团有限公司，陕西西安710077)

摘要：短舱倾转驱动技术是倾转旋翼机的技术难点之一，短舱倾转要求速度快，过程平稳，同步性高。研究了短舱倾转驱动技术的原理，分析了倾转驱动技术的主要技术问题，并进行仿真分析和原理样机的试验验证。结果表明短舱倾转驱动系统能满足倾转旋翼机短舱倾转的要求，通过研究基本掌握短舱倾转驱动技术。

关键词：短舱倾转驱动系统；同步性；仿真分析；研究

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0033-07

Research on Synchronization Technology of Tilting Rotation Driving of Tilting Rotor

BAI Liang-liang, ZHANG Ya-bin, CAO Sheng-bing

(Qingan Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an710077, China)

Abstract: The nacelle tilting drive technology is one of the technical difficulties of the tilting rotorcraft. The nacelle tilting requires fast speed, smooth process and high synchronism. The principle of the nacelle tilting drive technology is studied. The main technical problems of the tilting drive technology are analyzed, and the simulation analysis and the prototype test are carried out. The results show that the nacelle tilting drive system can meet the requirements of the tilting of the tilting rotorcraft nacelle, and the basic naval tilting drive technology is basically studied through research.

Key words: nacelle tilting drive system; synchronization; simulation analysis; research

数据中心用立管式间接蒸发冷却器的实验研究

陆婷婷，刘宇轩，李芳，刘骏亚，王静，牛晓文

（合肥通用机械研究院，安徽合肥230031）

摘要：为了降低数据中心能耗提高换热效率，提出一种立管式间接蒸发冷却空调，并进行了两组测试，分析了相同一次风量和淋水量条件下不同二次一次风量比下的蒸发效率，以及在不同地区（也即不同的二次进风干球温度和湿球温度）的冷量和蒸发效率。得出结论如下：在一次风量为8800 m3/h，淋水量为1.2 m3/h条件下，随着二次一次风量比的增大，蒸发效率先增大后减小，二次一次风量比在0.73时蒸发效率最大，达到了79.30%；一次风量为8800 m3/h，二次一次风量比为0.79，淋水量为1.2 m3/h条件下，高温高湿地区的蒸发效率较高但冷量较低。

关键词：立管式间接蒸发冷却空调；数据中心；蒸发效率；研究

中图分类号：TB657；TU831.3文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0039-04

Experimental Study on Vertical Tube Indirect Evaporative  Cooler for Data Center

LU Ting-ting，LIU Yu-xuan，LI Fang，LIU Jun-ya，WANG Jing，NIU Xiao-wen

（Hefei General Machinery Research Institute， Hefei230031，China）

Abstract: In order to reduce the energy consumption of data center and improve the heat exchange efficiency, a vertical tube indirect evaporative cooling air conditioner is proposed in this paper, two groups of tests were carried out, the evaporation efficiency under the same primary air volume and shower volume and different secondary air volume ratio, as well as the cooling capacity and evaporation efficiency in different areas (i.e. different dry bulb temperature and wet bulb temperature of secondary air inlet) were analyzed. The conclusions are as follows: under the condition of 8800 m3/h primary air volume and 1.2 m3/h drenching water volume, the evaporation efficiency first increases and then decreases with the increase of the secondary primary air volume ratio. When the secondary primary air volume ratio is 0.73, the evaporation efficiency is the highest, reaching 79.30%; when the primary air volume is 8800 m3/h, the ratio of secondary air volume to primary air volume is 0.79, and the drenching water volume is 1.2 m3/h, the evaporation efficiency is higher but the cooling capacity is lower in the high temperature and high humidity area.

Key words: vertical tube indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning; data center; evaporation efficiency; study

数据中心用压缩机-热管空调的试验及应用研究

刘宇轩，陆婷婷，李宏哲，刘骏亚，周坤

（合肥通用机械研究院有限公司，安徽合肥230000）

摘要：对应用于数据中心的压缩机-热管空调进行性能试验，探讨在室外温度从-5℃~40℃下的制冷量及能效比的变化。压缩机-热管空调能够根据室外温度的差异选择工作模式，使得机组的耗能得到大幅降低。同时给出工程实例，探究小型数据中心中压缩机-热管空调的应用，并指出其局限性，旨在为数据中心的空调的选型提供参考。

关键词： 数据中心；节能；能效比；热管空调

中图分类号：TH138文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0042-04

Test and Application of Compressor-heat Pipe Air Conditioner for Data Center

LIU Yu-xuan, LU Ting-ting, LI Hong-zhe, LIU Jun-ya, ZHOU Kun

（Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hefei230000, China）

Abstract: In this paper, the performance test of compressor heat pipe air conditioner in data center is carried out, and the change of refrigerating capacity and energy efficiency ratio in outdoor temperature from -5℃ to 40℃ is discussed. The compressor heat pipe air conditioner can select the working mode according to the difference of outdoor temperature, which greatly reduces the energy consumption of the unit. At the same time, it gives an engineering example, explores the application of compressor heat pipe air conditioning in small data center, and points out its limitations, in order to provide reference for the selection of air conditioning in data center.

Key words: data center; energy conservation; energy efficiency ratio; heat pipe air condition

抗燃油亚微米颗粒对伺服阀的影响及解决方案

夏红卫¹， 高飞²

The Influence and Solution about Submicron Particles of Fire-resistant Oil on Servo Valve

XIA Hong-wei1, GAO Fei2

（1.大亚湾核电运行管理有限责任公司，广东深圳518124；

2.中国核工业电机运行技术开发有限公司，北京100043）

摘要：针对大亚湾、岭澳一期核电站多次发生的汽机调节阀伺服阀卡涩问题，从伺服阀的控制原理、抗燃油的老化机理、检测手段等方面对故障原因进行了根本分析。结果表明抗燃油中存在大量不能被现有滤网和检测手段发现过滤的亚微米杂质颗粒，并尝试利用平衡电荷滤油机予以解决，取得了良好效果。

关键词：抗燃油；亚微米杂质颗粒；伺服阀；卡涩；平衡电荷滤油机

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：B文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0046-05

液压挖掘机载荷智能监控系统

李文新，刘建

（广西柳工机械股份有限公司，广西柳州545007）

摘要：液压挖掘机最基本的作业是挖掘装车，随着全球各地对运输车辆超载管控力度加大，在全球智能化背景下，对挖掘机装车载荷监测提出了要求，该文主要叙述了一种挖掘机载荷智能监控系统的框架，重点介绍了载荷监控系统的核心技术，最后通过样机测试验证完成载荷智能监控系统的开发。

关键词：挖掘机；载荷；智能；监控

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0050-04

Hydraulic Excavator Load Intelligent Monitoring System

LI Wen-xin, LIU Jian

(Guangxi LiuGong Machinery Co., Ltd., Liuzhou545007, China)

Abstract: Hydraulic excavator is the most basic job loading, as the world has also intensified its efforts for transport vehicle overloading control, under the background of global intelligence, demand of excavators loading load monitoring, this paper mainly describes a kind of intelligent monitoring system of excavator load framework, focus on the core of the load monitoring system technology. Finally, the load intelligent monitoring system is developed through prototype test and verification.

Key words: excavator; load; intelligence; monitoring

新型液冷式飞机雷达热交换机设计

高涛，杨后川，牛海杰，郭辉

（空军工程大学航空机务士官学校，河南信阳464000）

摘要：针对风冷式雷达热交换机无法满足新型飞机机载雷达地面散热要求的问题，综合运用液冷、温度自动控制和传感器等多种技术，以板式蒸发器为换热器，设计了新型液冷式飞机雷达热交换机。详细介绍了通风散热机构、双级换热器管路和基于PLC的温度控制系统等主要功能单元的设计思路。使用液体载冷剂循环法进行温度试验，试验和应用结果表明该设备散热能力极大增强，实现了出液温度的自动控制，极大地提高了机载火控雷达的保障效率。希望能运用到其他大型设备的散热，提高大型设备的保障能力。

关键词： 液冷；飞机；雷达；热交换

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0054-05

New Type Liquid-cooled Heat Exchanger for Aircraft Radar

GAO Tao， YANG Hou-chuan， NIU Hai-jie， GUO Hui

（Aviation Maintenance NCO Academy， Air Force Engineering University，

Xinyang464000， China）

Abstract: Aiming at the problem that the air-cooled radar heat exchanger can't meet the ground heat dissipation requirement of the new aircraft airborne radar, a new liquid-cooled radar heat exchanger based on plate evaporator is designed by using the technology of liquid cooling, temperature automatic control and sensor. The design ideas of main functional units, such as ventilation and heat dissipation mechanism, double-stage heat exchanger pipeline and temperature control system based on PLC, are introduced in detail. Temperature test was carried out by liquid refrigerant circulation method. The experimental and application results show that the heat dissipation capability of the equipment is greatly enhanced, and the automatic control of the liquid temperature is realized, which greatly improves the support efficiency of the airborne fire control radar. Hope to be able to use other large-scale equipment heat dissipation, improve the support capacity of large-scale equipment.

Key words: liquid-cooled; aircraft; radar; heat exchanger

基于Open FOAM的液压阀流场数值模拟及分析

张志鹏，古镇铨，袁聪，罗宽，庄剑威

（肇庆学院机械与汽车工程学院，广东肇庆526061）

摘要：由于目前液压阀的流场结构随开口度的变化趋势尚未得到透彻的研究，针对液压阀在相同压差条件下的流场结构随开口度的变化，利用OpenFOAM开源平台对液压阀的不同阀门开口度开展了数值模拟，分析速度场、漩涡结构以及压力分布，揭示了液压阀的流场结构随开口度的变化情况。结果表明：流场流动与阀门的开口度密切相关。流动的不稳定性伴随着开口度的增大而增大，流动的不稳定性的产生和漩涡相关，且流动具有强烈的时间依赖特性。五种开口度的压力最低的区域均为射流自由剪切层并非在阀体阀门端点处,且负压峰值出现在下游处的自由剪切层，与漩涡的初生位置较为吻合。这将为液压阀的优化设计提供理论基础。

关键词：液压阀；开口度；数值模拟；流场结构

中图分类号：TH137.52文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0058-05

Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Hydraulic Valve Flow Field Based on Open FOAM

ZHANG Zhi-peng, GU Zhen-quan, YUAN Cong, LUO Kuan, ZHUANG Jian-wei

(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing526061, China)

Abstract: The flow field structure of the hydraulic valve is the trend has not been thorough research, in view of the hydraulic valve under the condition of the same differential pressure flow field structure, along with the change of is using OpenFOAM open-source platform of hydraulic valve valve is different to carry out the numerical simulation of the analysis of the velocity field and vortex structure and stress distribution, The change of the flow field structure of the hydraulic valve with the opening degree is revealed. The results show that the flow field is closely related to the opening degree of the valve. The instability of the flow increases with the increase of the opening degree, and the instability of the flow is related to the vortex, and the flow has a strong time-dependent characteristic. The area with the lowest pressure of the five opening degrees is the free shear layer of the jet which is not at the end of the valve body and the negative pressure peak appears in the downstream, which is consistent with the initial position of the vortex. This will provide a theoretical basis for the optimal design of hydraulic valves.

Key words: hydraulic valve; opening degree; numerical simulation; the flow field structure

插装式二维大流量电液伺服阀的动态特性研究

丰章俊

（浙江同济科技职业学院机电工程学院，浙江杭州311231）

摘要：为满足重载、冶金、锻压等应用场景中对伺服阀流量高输出能力及高功重比的要求，该文提出了一种插装式二维大流量电液伺服阀（7 MPa，400 L/min）并研究其动态特性。首先介绍插装式二维电液伺服阀的结构与工作原理。然后建立伺服阀的数学模型，对阻尼活塞进行分析，通过仿真研究阻尼活塞对系统稳定性和动态特性影响，以及系统开闭环时的动态性能。仿真结果表明，开环模式下伺服阀阶跃响应时间为81 ms，频宽为35 Hz，闭环时阶跃响时间为45 ms，频宽为45 Hz。最后对伺服阀进行了动态特性测试，实验结果表明，伺服阀开环时阶跃响应时间为85 ms，频宽为33 Hz，闭环时阶跃响应时间为45 ms，频宽为56 Hz。仿真结果与实验结果基本一致，证明插装式二维大流量电液伺服阀具有良好的动态特性。

关键词：插装阀；二维伺服阀；大流量；动态特性；阻尼活塞

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0063-08

Research on Dynamic Characteristics of Plug-in Two-dimensional

Large Flow Electro-hydraulic Servo Valve

FENG Zhang-jun

（College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang Tongji Vocational College of Science and Technology, Hangzhou311231, China）

Abstract: In order to meet the requirements for high flow output capacity and high power-to-weight ratio of the servo valve in application scenarios such as heavy load, metallurgy, and forging, a cartridge two-dimensional high-flow electro-hydraulic servo valve (7 MPa, 400 L/min) and focuses on its dynamic characteristics in this paper. The design concept and operating principle of the cartridge 2D high-flow EHSV valve is presented first. Then the mathematical model of the servo valve is derived, the damping piston is Analyzed, and research the influence of the damping piston on the stability and dynamic characteristics of the system through simulation, as well as the dynamic performance of the system during open and closed-loop. The simulation results of the open (closed)-loop model show that the rise time of the open-loop model is about 81 ms, and the frequency bandwidth is about 35 Hz, while the rise time is about 45 ms and the frequency bandwidth is about 45 Hz of the closed-loop model. Furthermore, build a test platform to test the dynamic characteristics of the cartridge 2D high-flow EHSV valve. As verified by experimental results, the rising time of the step response is about 85 ms and the bandwidth is approximately 33 Hz under the open-loop control, while that is 45 ms and 56 Hz for 25% input signal under the close loop control. It is concluded that the cartridge 2D high-flow EHSV has excellent dynamic characteristics.

Key words: cartridge valve; two-dimensional servo valve; high-flow; dynamic characteristics; damping piston

液压与气压传动课程职业能力提升教学改革

张良，万宇杰，方自强，毕翔

（江汉大学智能制造学院，湖北武汉430056）

摘要：随着新兴技术的兴起，社会对新工科背景下的技术人员能力要求越来越高。《液压与气压传动》课程是机械类专业核心课程，在学生能力培养中起着重要的作用。针对《液压与气压传动》课程教学过程中存在的问题，以提升学生能力为目标，提出了在教学内容中融入工程应用内容，以工程应用案例为基础，融入到课程知识点的教学过程中，提高了学生职业能力。

关键词： 新工科；液压与气压传动；职业能力；工程应用

中图分类号：TH137;G712文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0070-04

Teaching Reform of Improving Professional Ability of Hydraulic and

Pneumatic Transmission Course

ZHANG Liang， WAN Yu-jie， FANG Zi-qiang， BI Xiang

（College of Intelligent Manufacturing, Jianghan University, Wuhan430056, China）

Abstract: With the rise of emerging technologies, society has higher and higher requirements for the ability of technicians under the background of new engineering. Hydraulic and pneumatic transmission is the core course of mechanical specialty, which plays an important role in the cultivation of students'ability. In view of the problems existing in the teaching process of hydraulic and pneumatic transmission, aiming at improving students'ability, it is proposed to integrate engineering application content into the teaching content, based on engineering application cases, into the teaching process of course knowledge points, so as to improve the professional ability of students.

Key words: emerging engineering education; hydraulic and pneumatic transmission; professional ability; engineering application

煤矿井下防爆车辆液压保护系统设计

安四元

（中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司，山西太原030006）

摘要：当前煤矿井下防爆车辆主要有电保护和气保护两种保护方式，基于机油检测原理，设计了机油检测显示装置和液压保护系统，提高了防爆柴油机使用性能和延长了防爆柴油机使用寿命，同时对车辆的良好运行和提高整机使用性能具有积极意义。该设计已经在煤矿井下多种防爆柴油机车型上得到应用，为新设计或改造的防爆车辆提供一种新的防爆柴油机保护方法。

关键词：防爆车辆；防爆柴油机；机油检测；保护系统

中图分类号：TH137；TD355文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0073-04

Design of Hydraulic Protection System for Explosion-proof Vehicles in Coal Mine

AN Si-yuan

(Taiyuanresearch Institute of China Coal Science and Industry, Taiyuan030006, China)

Abstract: The current mine underground explosion-proof diesel engine mainly has two protection methods: electric protection and gas protection. Based on the principle of oil detection, an oil detection and display device and an explosion-proof diesel engine oil protection system are designed to improve the performance of the explosion-proof diesel engine and prolong the service life of the explosion-proof diesel engine. At the same time, it has a positive meaning for the good operation of the vehicle and the improvement of the performance of the whole machine. This design has been applied to a variety of explosion-proof diesel engine models in coal mines, providing a new explosion-proof diesel engine protection method for newly designed or modified support trucks.

Key words: explosion-proof vehicle; explosion-proof diesel engine; oil detection; protection system

挖掘机破碎锤工况延长主泵使用寿命分析

胡彦龙

Regarding Excavator Pump Lifetime Extension Analysis in Breaker Work Condition

HU Yan-long

（上海三一重机股份有限公司，上海201412）

摘要：破碎锤作业工况是挖掘机非常常见的一种作业方式，尤其针对矿山工况，一般主机厂针对使用破碎锤工作，三包时间减半，主要是破碎锤工况对结构件以及液压件寿命影响很大，大部分主机厂增加回油过滤器控制液压油清洁度，延长液压件寿命。当前国内市场在破碎锤工况中，基本都是使用单泵（后泵即主泵2）工作，这样长期破碎一直使用一个泵会影响主泵整体寿命，该文主要阐述在破碎锤破碎工况中，通过主泵控制方式改变来分析如何延长主泵寿命。

关键词： 挖掘机；液压破碎锤；主泵；分析

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：B文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0076-04

发动机燃油系统油滤污染试验

狄鹏飞，柳海波，王莹莹

（中国航空商用航空发动机有限责任公司，上海200241）

摘要：发动机燃油系统需完成系统污染试验，表明其符合适航规章中的相关要求，油滤为燃油系统重要附件，决定了系统污染试验能否通过。通过适航要求分析及国内外污染试验方法研究，对燃油油滤开展污染试验，基于试验结果确认油滤性能，并为后续系统试验提供技术支持。

关键词：发动机；燃油系统；油滤；污染试验

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0079-04

Fuel Filter Contamination Test of Fuel System

DI Peng-fei, LIU Hai-bo, WANG Ying-ying

（AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co., Ltd., Shanghai200241, China）

Abstract: The engine fuel system needs to complete the system Contamination test to show that it meets the relevant requirements in the airworthiness regulations. The fuel filter is an important accessory of the fuel system, which determines whether the system Contamination test can be passed. Through the analysis of airworthiness requirements and the study of Contamination test method, carry out Contamination test on fuel filter, confirm the performance of fuel filter based on the test results, and provide technical support for fuel system test.

Key words: engine; fuel system; fuel filter; contamination test

大型液压挖掘机液压马达风扇散热的温控系统设计

王新富，张虹，曾超，李健

（广西柳工机械股份有限公司，广西柳州545100）

摘要：该文介绍了一种大型液压挖掘机液压马达风扇散热系统的温控系统设计方法，对风扇温控系统进行优化，在满足各散热器散热的前提下，使得风扇转速在工作过程中随各散热器冷却介质温度变化时以低转速运转，整机既节能又降噪。

关键词：大型液压挖掘机；液压马达风扇；温控系统；设计

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0083-04

Design of Temperature Control System for Heat Dissipation of Hydraulic

Motor Fan of Large Hydraulic Excavator

WANG Xin-fu， ZHANG Hong， ZENG Chao, LI Jian

(Guangxi LiuGong Machinery Co., Ltd., Liuzhou545100, China)

Abstract: This paper introduces a design method of temperature control system for fan cooling system of hydraulic motor of large hydraulic excavator. The fan temperature control system is optimized. On the premise of meeting the heat dissipation of each radiator, the fan speed runs at low speed when it changes with the temperature of cooling medium of each radiator in the working process. The whole machine is energy-saving and noise reduction.

Key words: large hydraulic excavator; hydraulic motor fan; temperature control system; design

不同开度下三偏心蝶阀流场特性分析

林孙荣，林孙强

（浙江精嘉阀门有限公司，浙江温州325000）

摘要：基于三偏心蝶阀结构特性的特点，并对其不同开度及下流场特点进行了研究。采用流阻模拟实验方式，分析DN750 mm三偏心蝶阀在不同开度和流速条件下的内部流场和流阻系数分布情况，并建立三偏心蝶阀结构为标准湍流模型。对DN750三偏心蝶阀在90°、70°、50°、30°开度下的内部流体和流阻系数进行试验测试，获得了不同开度下流阻系数和流场效果。试验结果表明，在0～30°区间流动稳定性和流阻系数较大，当开度大于50°时并随着开度变大，阀门流阻系数随着开度变化较为均匀，和中线蝶阀相对比有着显著差异，三偏心蝶阀全开条件下的流阻系数比中线蝶阀全开条件下流阻系数的5倍多。数值结果表明，在全开状况下，三偏心蝶阀靠近蝶板附近区域湍流和分流迹象较中线蝶阀的高，因此可对三偏心蝶阀蝶板形状加以优化，可以降低流阻系数，增加流速系数，从而提高了阀门的流通流量。

关键词： 三偏心蝶阀；流场；湍流模型；数值模拟

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0086-04

Flow Field Characteristics of Three Eccentric Butterfly Valve at Different Opening Degrees

LIN Sun-rong, LIN Sun-qiang

(Zhejiang Jingjia Valve Co., Ltd., Wenzhou325000, China)

Abstract: Based on the structural characteristics of three eccentric butterfly valve, the characteristics of different opening and flow field were studied. The flow resistance simulation experiment was used to analyze the internal flow field and flow resistance coefficient distribution of DN750 mm triple eccentric butterfly valve under different opening and flow velocity conditions, and the structure of triple eccentric butterfly valve was established as the standard turbulence model. The internal fluid and flow resistance coefficient of DN750 triple eccentric butterfly valve were tested at 90°, 70°, 50°and 30°, and the flow resistance coefficient and flow field effect of different opening degrees were obtained. The test results show that the flow within the range of 0 to 30° the stability and the flow resistance coefficient is larger, when opening than 50° and the opening, the valve flow resistance coefficient with the change of the opening is relatively uniform, and significant difference compared with center line butterfly valve, the flow resistance coefficient of triple eccentric butterfly valve fully open under the condition of low resistance coefficient of the center line butterfly valve fully open to more than 5 times. The numerical results show that in the fully open condition, the signs of turbulence and shunt near the three-eccentric butterfly valve are higher than those near the midline butterfly valve. Therefore, the shape of the three-eccentric butterfly valve butterfly plate can be optimized to reduce the flow resistance coefficient and increase the flow velocity coefficient, thus improving the flow rate of the valve.

Key words: three eccentric butterfly valve; the flow field; turbulence model; the numerical simulation

煤矿井下设备液压安全型操作系统的设计及应用

马艳卫^1,2

（1.中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司，山西太原030006；

2.煤矿采掘机械装备国家工程实验室，山西太原030006）

摘要：煤矿井下设备操作室空间小，极易出现井下工人携带的矿灯电缆或自救器触碰液压操作手柄，无意识操作设备，导致人员受到挤压等伤害，针对这类安全隐患，文中提出了增加机械结构或增加液压元件，使之变为液压安全型操作系统。根据不同工况的需求，详细介绍了其实现方法、应用范围、操作方式等，通过增加这一系统达到解决问题的目的，并在实际应用中得到验证。

关键词：液压安全型操作；设备误动作；机械自锁；液压互锁

中图分类号：TH137；TD712文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0089-04

Design and Application of Hydraulic Safe Operation System for

Coal Mine Underground Equipment

MA Yan-wei^1,2

(1. Taiyuan Research Institute Company Limited, China Coal Technology and Engineering Group,

Taiyuan030006, China;  2. National Engineering Laboratory of Coal Mining Machinery and Equipment, Taiyuan030006, China)

Abstract: Due to the small space in the operating room of the underground equipment in the coal mine, it is extremely easy for the underground workers to touch the electric cable of the miner's lamp or the self-rescuer to touch the hydraulic operating handle and unconsciously operate the equipment, resulting in injuries such as squeezing and so on. In view of this kind of hidden safety danger, in this paper, adding mechanical structure or adding hydraulic components to make it a safe hydraulic operating system is proposed. According to the requirements of different working conditions, this paper introduces in detail the realization method, application scope and operation mode of the system, and achieves the goal of solving the problem by adding the system.

Key words: hydraulically safe operation; equipment misoperation; mechanical self-locking; hydraulic interlock

加氢装置液力透平机械密封失效分析及改进措施

隋春明

（中国石油天然气股份有限公司 广西石化分公司，广西钦州535000）

摘要：蜡油加氢装置富胺液能量回收透平采用进口机械密封，运行期间密封频繁失效，液力透平无法长周期运行，无法实现透平的节能功效，通过对机械密封失效原因进行分析，增大了螺旋套的循环流量，优化了密封端面参数降低发热量，同时优化了机械密封结构形式，并对辅助系统换热器进行了升级。通过上述改进，现在该液力透平已经实现稳定运行，带来了巨大的经济效益。

关键词：加氢装置；富胺液能量回收透平；机械密封；循环量；端面发热；改造

中图分类号：TB42文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0093-04

Failure Analysis and Improvement Measures of Mechanical Seal of

Hydraulic Turbine in Hydrogenation Unit

SUI Chun-ming

（PetroChina Guangxi Petrochemical Company， Qinzhou535000, China）

Abstract: The rich amine liquid energy recovery turbine in wax oil hydrogenation unit adopts imported mechanical seal. During operation, the seal fails frequently, and the hydraulic turbine cannot operate for a long period of time, so the energy-saving effect of the turbine cannot be realized. Through the analysis of the causes of mechanical seal failure, the circulating flow of spiral sleeve is increased, the parameters of seal end face are optimized, the calorific value is reduced, and the structural form of mechanical seal is optimized, the auxiliary system heat exchanger was upgraded. Through the above improvements, the hydraulic turbine has realized stable operation and brought huge economic benefits.

Key words: hydrogenation unit; energy rich amine liquid recovery turbine; mechanical seal； circulation quantity； end face heating； reform

一种液压伺服作动器相频特性超差问题分析

耿树鲲^1,2，滕怀海^1,2，陈飞^1,2，田福良^1,2，冯秀莲^1,2，蔡存坤¹，李鸿雁¹

（1.北京精密机电控制设备研究所，北京100076；

2.航天伺服驱动与传动技术试验室，北京100076）

摘要： 该文针对某装备上采用的液压伺服作动器测试过程中相频特性超差问题进行了分析。该问题定位于伺服阀的射流盘射流口被金属多余物堵塞,造成伺服阀流量增益下降，从而引起频率特性相位滞后。该文从系统模型上进行分析，分析了堵塞对系统频率特性的影响，并采取了有效措施。

关键词： 相位超差；射流盘；堵塞；分析

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0096-05

Analysis of Phase Frequency Characteristic out of Tolerance of a Hydraulic Servo Actuator

GENG Shu-kun^1,2，TENG Huai-hai^1,2, CHEN Fei^1,2,

TIAN Fu-liang^1,2, FENG xiu-lian^1,2，CAI Cun-kun¹，LI Hong-yan¹

(1. Beijing Institute Precision Mechatronics and Controls Department, Beijing100076, China;

2. Laboratory of Aerospace Servo Actuation and transmission, Beijing100076, China)

Abstract: This paper analyzes the out of tolerance of phase frequency characteristics in the test process of hydraulic servo actuator used in a certain equipment. The problem is that the jet port of the jet disc of the servo valve is blocked by metal surplus, resulting in the decrease of the flow gain of the servo valve, resulting in the phase lag of the frequency characteristic. Starting from the system model, this paper analyzes the influence of blockage on the frequency characteristics of the system, and takes effective measures.

Key words: phase characteristics out of tolerance; vortex disc; blocking; analysis

重水堆装卸料机管嘴静态密封圈研制

张连生

（中核核电运行管理有限公司，浙江海盐314300）

摘要：管嘴静态密封圈是保证重水堆装卸料机与燃料通道可靠连接，防止重水泄漏的核心零部件。近年来，由于静态密封圈故障率较高，并且是“卡脖子”备件，亟需进行国产化替代。该密封圈为一种弹性金属自密封环，可多次重复使用。目前无替代产品，需要研制。该密封圈研制的一个难点是没有设计信息，需要测绘确定参数。另一个研制难点是该密封圈厚度仅2.9 mm，内部还有沟槽、密封线等复杂结构，对加工工艺和刀具都要求极高。另外，还需研制试验台架，测试密封圈的密封性和寿命。在克服一系列技术难题后成功地研制出静态密封圈样品。正式投入使用后满足了电厂的使用要求，研制取得了圆满成功。

关键词：装卸料机；静态密封圈；泄漏率；研制

中图分类号：TB42；TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0101-05

Development of Static Seal Ring for Heavy Water Reactor Fueling Machine

ZHANG Lian-sheng

（CNNC Nuclear Power Operations Management Co., Ltd., Haiyan314300， China）

Abstract: The snout static seal ring is the core component to ensure the reliable connection between the heavy water reactor Fueling Machine and the fuel channel. In recent years, due to the high failure rate of static seal ring and its “neck” spare parts, it is urgent to replace it by localization. The static seal is an elastic metal self-sealing ring, which can be reused for many times. At present, there is no replacement in China, which needs to be developed. A difficulty is that there is no design information and the parameters need to be determined by surveying and mapping. Another development difficulty is that the thickness of the sealing ring is only 2.9 mm, and there are complex structures inside, which has high requirements for processing technology and cutting tools. In addition, it is necessary to develop a test bench to test the sealing performance and service life. After overcoming a series of technical problems, the static seal ring sample is successfully developed. It meets the use requirements and the development has achieved complete success.

Key words: fueling machine; static seal; leakage rate; development

油气弹簧试验工序的AGV流转方案

顾乡¹，李文英¹，张杰¹，王培¹，石晗¹，蒋爱民²

（1.北京长征天民高科技有限公司,北京100023； 2.北京航天发射技术研究所,北京100076）

摘要：油气弹簧用于车辆底盘，起到缓冲减震的作用，可保持车体在崎岖路面行驶的平稳性。油气弹簧是公司的重点产品，在运输型底盘上大量应用，由于其重量较大，搬运困难，工序较多，工艺路线复杂，流转过程耗费的人工成本高。对于批量化生产的现状，建设自动化流转系统具有重大的现实意义。该文通过对油气弹簧的结构特点和生产过程分析，设计了一种基于AGV的流转方案，利用助力臂实现产品的快速抓取、放置，利用AGV实现产品在不同工位上的流转，既满足了生产要求，提高流转效率，又节约了人工成本。

关键词：油气弹簧；试验工序；AGV；流转方案

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0106-03

AGV Flow Scheme of Hydropneumatics Spring Test Process

GU Xiang¹, LI Wen-ying¹, ZHANG Jie¹, WANG Pei¹, SHI Han¹, JIANG Ai-min²

（1. Beijing Long March Tianmin High-tech Co., Ltd., Beijing100023, China;

2. Beijing Institute of Space Launch Technology, Beijing100076, China）

Abstract: The hydro pneumatic spring is used for the vehicle chassis, which plays the role of cushioning and shock absorption, and can keep the vehicle body running smoothly on the rough roads. The hydro pneumatic spring is the key product of the company and is widely used in transportation chassis. Due to its large weight, difficult handing, many processes, complex process route and high labor cost in the circulation process. For the current situation of mass production, the construction of automatic circulation system has great practical significance. By analyzing the structural characteristics and production process of hydro pneumatic spring, this paper designs a circulation scheme based on AGV, which uses the power arm to realize the rapid grasping and placement of products, and uses AGV to realize the circulation of products in different stations, which not only meets the production requirements, improves the circulation efficiency, but also saves the labor cost.

Key words: hydro pneumatic spring; test process; AGV; flow scheme

航天伺服阀阀套相交孔磨粒流工艺技术研究

李瑞光，丁宇亭，杨增辉，田青，赵建宾

（北京精密机电控制设备研究所，北京100076）

摘要：该文开展了航天伺服阀阀套相交孔磨粒流抛光与去毛刺工艺技术研究，介绍了磨粒流抛光与去毛刺机理，进行了磨粒流对于阀套零件表面粗糙度、尺寸去量与倒钝影响的工艺实验，明确了磨料目数与循环次数对上述要素的影响。

关键词：伺服阀；相交孔；磨粒流；研究

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）07-0109-04

Study On Abrasive Flow Machining of Areospace Servo valve Sleeve Intersecting Holes

LI Rui-guang，DING Yu-ting，YANG Zeng-hui，TIAN Qing，ZHAO Jian-bin

（Beijing Research Institute of Precise Mech Atronics and Contrds, Beijing100076, China）

Abstract: This paper introduces the abrasive flow polishing and burr removal technology on intersecting holes of aerospace servo valve sleeve, and investigates the abrasive flow polishing and burr removal mechanism. Makes clear the effects of abrasive flow on surface roughness, size deweighting and obtuse of parts through experiments.

Key words: servo valve; intersecting holes; abrasive flow machining; study