滕怀海，耿树鲲，陈飞，田福良，冯秀莲

（北京精密机电控制设备研究所，北京100076）

摘要：该文讨论了一种机械反馈式液压伺服作动器在测试中受能源压力波动影响，在活塞杆位移输出上叠加一定的波动量，从而导致幅频特性测试值变化的情况。通过对能源波动曲线进行分析，发现能源压力波动中存在某个频率典型的交流分量，伺服阀能够对这个频率点的压力波动产生响应。

关键词：液压伺服；液压能源；幅频特性

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0001-05

Influence of Hydraulic Energy Pressure Fluctuation on Dynamic

Characteristics of Hydraulic Servo Actuator

TENG Huai-hai, GENG Shu-kun, CHEN Fei, TIAN Fu-liang, FENG Xiu-lian

(Beijing Institute of Precision Mechanical and Electrical Control Equipment,

Beijing100076, China)

Abstract: This paper discusses a mechanical feedback hydraulic servo actuator, which is affected by the fluctuation of energy pressure in the test, superimposes a certain fluctuation on the displacement output of piston rod, resulting in the change of amplitude frequency characteristic test value. By analyzing the energy fluctuation curve, it is found that there is a typical AC component of a certain frequency in the energy pressure fluctuation, and the servo valve can respond to the pressure fluctuation at this frequency point.

Key words: hydraulic servo; hydraulic energy; amplitude frequency characteristic

钻机井架起升液压仿真计算与测试分析

杨家元^1,2

（1.兰州兰石集团有限公司能源装备研究院，甘肃兰州730314；

2.兰州兰石集团兰石能源装备工程研究院有限公司，甘肃兰州730314）

摘要：为有效验证钻机井架起升力理论计算及井架起升负载力变化趋势，基于AMESim仿真软件与和德尼克5070液压测试仪对井架起升三级双作用油缸无杆腔、有杆腔压力进行仿真计算和位移、压力数据测试采集，得到起升油缸位移-压力变化曲线及位移-推力变化曲线。通过理论计算、液压仿真、测试数据对比分析表明：液压仿真计算和测试数据得到的油缸位移-推力曲线与理论计算曲线相吻合，即井架起升力通过三角关系式受力计算得到的井架起升力与实际起升力变化趋势一致，井架起升力理论计算符合钻机井架起升工况要求，为钻机井架起升方案设计提供依据。

关键词：井架起升；理论设计；仿真计算；测试分析

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0005-04

Hydraulic Simulation Calculation and Test Analysis of Derrick Lifting

YANG Jia-yuan^1,2

(1. Lanzhou Ls Group Co., Ltd., Energy Equipment Engineering Research Institute, Lanzhou730314, China;

2. Lanzhou Energy Equipment Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd., Lanzhou730314, China)

Abstract: In order to effectively verify the theoretical calculation of derrick lifting force and the variation trend of derrick lifting load force, the simulation calculation and data collection of pressure of the three-stage dual-acting oil cylinder in derrick lifting are carried out, based on AMESim and Hedenik 5070 hydraulic tester. The displacement-pressure curve and displacement-thrust curve of lifting cylinder are obtained. Through theoretical calculation, the hydraulic simulation and test data comparison and analysis shows that the hydraulic simulation calculation and test data of cylinder displacement-thrust curve with theoretical curve is consistent. That is, the derrick lifting force calculated by triangular relation force is consistent with the change trend of actual lifting force, and the theoretical calculation of derrick lifting force is consistent with the requirements of derrick lifting working conditions, which provides a basis for the design of derrick lifting scheme.

Key words: derrick lifting; theoretical design; simulation calculation; test and analysis

不同结构喷嘴的高压水非定常喷射反推特性

王广银¹，张振华²，陈彦京²，李春萍²，吴向阳²，李大让²

（1.陆军装备部驻北京地区军事代表局驻北京地区第五军事代表室，北京100039；

2.北京特种机械研究所，北京100143）

摘要：喷嘴作为高压水射流的关键部件，其结构和工作参数对高压水喷射反推性能具有重要影响。以圆柱、圆锥和余弦三种不同结构喷嘴为研究对象，基于CFD对定容积下不同结构喷嘴的高压水非定常喷射过程进行数值模拟，对比分析了不同结构喷嘴的射流反推特性，系统研究了充气压力、出口直径对喷嘴非定常喷射速度和反推力的影响规律。结果表明：相比圆柱喷嘴，圆锥喷嘴和余弦喷嘴的射流反推性能更好，同等条件下余弦喷嘴的喷射反推力要比圆锥喷嘴高17%左右；提高充气压力将会缩短喷射时间，显著增大高压水喷射的速度和反推力；喷嘴出口直径的改变对喷嘴最大射流速度的影响不大，但会显著缩短喷射时间，并有助于提高喷嘴的喷射反推力。上述研究为高压水喷射反推的技术应用提供借鉴。

关键词：喷嘴；水射流；非定常；反推特性；数值模拟

中图分类号：TH137；V19文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0009-06

High-pressure Unsteady Jet Reverse Characteristics of Nozzles with Different Structures

WANG Guang-yin¹，ZHANG Zhen-hua²，CHEN Yan-jing²，

LI Chun-ping²，WU Xiang-yang²， LI Da-rang²

（1. Military Representative Bureau of the Army Equipment Department the Fifth Military Representative Office in Beijing, Beijing100039, China;

2. Beijing Research Institute of Special Mechanic, Beijing100143, China）

Abstract: As key component of water jet, the structure and working parameters of nozzle have an important influence on performance of high-pressure water jet reverse thrust. Taking cylindrical, conical and cosine nozzles as research object, numerical simulation of the high-pressure water unsteady jetting process of different nozzles under constant volume is carried out based on CFD, and the jet thrust characteristics of different nozzles are compared and analyzed. The influence of pressure and outlet diameter on unsteady jet velocity and reverse thrust is investigative. The results show that jet thrust performance of conical nozzles and cosine nozzles is better than that of cylindrical nozzles. Under same conditions, the jet thrust of cosine nozzles is about 17% higher than that of conical nozzles. Increasing the inflation pressure will shorten the jetting time and significantly increase the speed and reverse thrust of high-pressure water jet. The change of nozzle outlet diameter has little effect on the maximum jet velocity, but it will shorten the injection time and has a positive effect on improving the jet reverse thrust of the nozzle. Hope the above research will provide a reference for the application of high-pressure water jet reverse thrust.

Key words: nozzle; water jet; unsteady; reverse thrust characteristics; numerical simulation

一种定压输出式减压阀的设计研究

关云霞

(太重集团榆次液压工业有限公司，山西晋中030600)

摘要：该文介绍了一种板式、定压输出式减压阀，该阀低压稳定性好、动作可靠性高，通用性强。文章对设计和加工要点进行了总结阐述。该阀已应用于市场，反应良好。用户装机效果和试验台试验结果相吻合，能够满足液压系统的稳定性和响应性。

关键词：板式；低压减压；压力-流量特性

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0014-03

The Design and Research of a Constant Pressure Output Pressure-reducing Valve

GUAN Yun-xia

(Taiyuan Heavy Machinery Group Yuci Hydraulic Industry Co., Ltd., Jinzhong030600, China)

Abstract: This paper introduces a plate type constant pressure output pressure-reducing valve, which has good low pressure stability, high action reliability and strong universality. This paper summarizes and expounds the key points of design and processing. The valve has been applied to the market with good sales. The results of trial installation are completely consistent with the trial production results of the test platform, which can satisfy the low-pressure stability and responsiveness of the hydraulic system.

Key words: plate; low pressure reducing-valve; pressure-flow characteristics

恒压变量泵控制阀参数优化设计

李瑞清，陈伟敬，任凯，李志云

（太重集团榆次液压工业有限公司，山西晋中030600）

摘要：恒压变量泵在各行各业有着广泛的应用，该文主要对恒压变量泵控制阀进行分析，对恒压变量泵控制阀建立数学模型，根据阀芯动态特性，分析各个参数对其动态特性的影响。并根据结果对其结构参数进行优化，为恒压控制阀设计合理的设计参数。

关键词：恒压变量泵；优化设计；控制阀；动态特性

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0017-03

Parameters Optimal Design of Constant Pressure Variable Pump Control Valve

LI Rui-qing，CHEN Wei-jing，REN Kai，LI Zhi-yun

（Taiyuan Heavy Machinery Group Yuci Hydraulic Industry Co., Ltd., Jinzhong030600, China）

Abstract: Constant pressure variable pump has a wide range of applications in all walks of life, this paper mainly on the constant pressure variable pump control valve analysis, the constant pressure variable pump control valve to establish a transfer function, according to the dynamic characteristics of the valve core, analysis of the impact of various parameters on its dynamic characteristics. And according to the results of its structure to improve, and finally add damping case to it.

Key words: constant pressure variable pump; optimal design; control valve; dynamic characteristics

一种深低温电磁阀试验系统设计与仿真

赵春宇^1,2，张连万^1,2，岳婷^1,2，雒宝莹^1,2

（1.北京宇航系统工程研究所，北京100076；

2.深低温技术研究北京市重点实验室，北京100076）

摘要：为实现某低温运载火箭三子级冷氦增压系统液氢温区阀门性能考核，采用AMESim建立系统仿真模型，仿真分析被测冷氦增压电磁阀不同工作模式，得出两台200W@20K斯特林制冷机、两台70 L高压低温换热贮罐、按照箭上落压、等间隔开启/关闭工作模式的设计方案，以最小贮箱容积和最短换热时间实现冷氦电磁阀液氢温区性能试验。

关键词：深低温；电磁阀；系统设计；仿真

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0019-04

The Design and Simulation of Deep Hypothermic Solenoid Valves Test System

ZHAO Chun-yu^1,2, ZHANG Lian-wan^1,2, YUE Ting^1,2, LUO Bao-ying^1,2

(1. Beijing Institute of Aerospace System Engineering, Beijing100076, China；

2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Technology Research, Beijing100076, China)

Abstract:In order to achieve the performance evaluation of the valve in the liquid hydrogen temperature of the third-stage cold helium pressurization system of cryogenic launch vehicle. AMESim was used to set up the simulation model of the system. Different working modes of the tested cold helium pressurization solenoid valve are simulate and analyzed. The design scheme of opening/closing the working mode according to the falling pressure and equal interval, by using two 200W@20K Stirling cryocoolers and two set of 70 L high pressure and low temperature heat exchange storage tanks, can realize performance test of cold helium solenoid valve in liquid hydrogen temperature with minimum tank volume and minimum heat exchange time.

Key words: deep hypothermia; solenoid valves;  system design; simulation

新型套管扶正机的研究

高东玲¹， 柴红强²， 陈艳¹， 刘芳芳¹， 孙钊¹

（1.陕西机电职业技术学院，陕西宝鸡721001；

2.兰州理工大学，甘肃兰州730000）

摘要：该文介绍了一种新型套管扶正机，主要从结构、性能，技术参数等方面进行了介绍，研究了一种安全可靠，结构简单、操作强度不高，比较灵活方便的新型套管扶正机。该机构保证了操作平台在竖直方向不会卡顿，升降过程自如，并且通过锁紧机构、防坠落装置保证工作安全、可靠。基于对外界环境的考量在该扶正机操作台末端设计了机械手，从根本上实现套管扶正过程的机械化及自动化，也大幅度降低了工作人员的劳动强度。

关键词：新型套管扶正机；机械手；锁紧机构；液压调平工作篮

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0023-04

Research on New Casing Centralizer

GAO Dong-ling¹，CHAI Hong-qiang², CHEN Yan¹, LIU Fang-fang¹，SUN Zhao¹

(1. Shaanxi Institute of Mechatronic Technology, Baoji721001，China;

2. Lanzhou University of Technology，Lanzhou730000，China)

Abstract: This paper introduces a new type of casing centralizer machine, the structure performance, technical parameters are introduced, research a kind of safe and reliable, simple structure, Operating strength is not high, more flexible and convenient new casing centralizer machine. The agency ensure the operating platform in the vertical direction won't be caton, the lifting process, and work through the locking mechanism, the falling prevention device to ensure safe and reliable. Based on the consideration of the external environment in the centering machine is designed for the end of the work station of manipulator, fundamentally to realize the mechanization and automation of the process of casing centralizer, also greatly reduces the labor intensity of workers.

Key words: new casing centralizer； manipulator； locking mechanism； hydraulic leveling work basket

重水收集罐法兰垫片潜在风险分析及替代方案

蔡臣君

（中核核电运行管理有限公司，浙江海盐314300）

摘要：重水控制系统是重水堆核电机组燃料操作系统的重要系统之一。印度Narora核电厂发生了因重水控制系统重水收集罐法兰氯丁橡胶垫片失效而导致大量重水泄漏的事件。该文通过对氯丁橡胶垫片寿命预测，可以认定在40年寿期内重水控制系统重水收集罐法兰有极高可能性会发生因垫片老化失效而导致跑水的事件。通过对石墨加强垫选型，并进行理论分析和计算，确认此替代方案能够满足系统需求。

关键词：氯丁橡胶；重水泄漏；石墨加强垫；分析

中图分类号：TB42；TH145文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0026-04

Potential Risk Analysis and Alternative Scheme of Heavy

Water Collecting Tank Flange Gasket

CAI Chen-jun

（CNNC Nuclear Power Operations and Management Co., Ltd., Haiyan314300, China）

Abstract: Heavy water control system is one of the most important systems of fuel handling system. A large amount of heavy water leakage occurred in Narora nuclear power plant in India due to the failure of flange neoprene gasket of heavy water collecting tank of heavy water control system. Based on the life prediction of neoprene gasket, it can be concluded that the flanges of the heavy water collection tank of the heavy water control system have a high possibility of water running due to the aging failure of gasket during the 40-year life period. Through the selection of graphite reinforcing gasket and theoretical analysis and calculation, it is confirmed that the alternative scheme can meet the system requirements.

Key words: neoprene; heavy water leakage; graphite reinforcing pad gasket; analysis

基于SYT400新型锁罐摇台液压系统设计

张勇刚

（西安交通工程学院，陕西西安710065）

摘要：SYT400锁罐摇台液压系统设计是一种新型的机电液控制系统。采用集中液压站控制，运用平衡回路，实现限速平衡；采用同步马达，自动补偿位置误差；运用多路比例阀技术，人为主动补偿钢丝绳张力；运用阀控技术，三通补偿器节能，可实现多变负载长时间工作。

关键词：锁罐摇台液压系统；多路比例阀；流量压力补偿器；机电液一体化产品

中图分类号：TH137；TD421文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0030-03

Design of Hydraulic System of New Type Lock-jar Platform Based on SYT400

ZHANG Yong-gang

(Xi'an Traffic Engineering Institute, Xi'an710065, China)

Abstract:The hydraulic system design of Syt400 Lock Jar table is a new type of electro-mechanical hydraulic control system. Using centralized hydraulic station control, using balance loop to realize speed limit balance, using synchronous motor to automatically compensate position error, using multi-channel proportional valve technology to manually compensate tension of wire rope, using valve control technology to save energy of three-way compensator, it can work for long time under variable load.

Key words: hydraulic system of Lock Jar table; multi way proportional valve; flow pressure compensator; electromechanical hydraulic integrated products

重水堆推杆滚珠丝杆密封副失效分析

李平原

（中核核电运行管理有限公司，浙江海盐314300）

摘要：该文根据滚珠丝杆密封的机械结构，分析其工作原理，对Pickering电站和秦山三期历史上的滚珠丝杆密封失效事件进行统计，对滚珠丝杆密封密封环变工况下的运行、动环和静环的表面缺陷造成密封失效等因素进行分析、计算，得出密封环失效是个渐变的过程，可以在检修时通过测量密封环接触面宽度、检查密封面表面的平面度来判断密封环性能的好坏。

关键词：重水堆；装卸料机；推杆；滚珠丝杆；密封副

中图分类号：TH137.7；TB42文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0033-03

Failure Analysis of the CANDU Fueling Machine Head Ram Assembly Ball Screw Seal

LI Ping-yuan

（CNNC Nuclear Power Operation Management Co., Ltd.， Haiyan314300，China）

Abstract: The working principle of the ball screw seal was analyzed according to the mechanical structure and important components of the ball screw seal assembly. The operation experience of the ball screw seal in Pickering power station and Qinshan Phase III were counted. This paper analyzes and calculates the operation of ball screw sealing ring under variable working conditions, sealing failure caused by surface defects of rotor ring and stator ring, and concludes that the failure of sealing ring is a gradual process by years. The performance of sealing ring can be judged by measuring the width of contact surface of sealing rings and checking the flatness of sealing surface during maintenance.

Key words: CANDU; fueling machine; ram assembly; ball screw; seal

气压传动系统仿真装调设计与实践

江兴刚，罗明

（怀化职业技术学院，湖南怀化418000）

摘要：在轻工业自动化生产领域中广泛应用了气压传动技术。以单气缸延时自动往复系统装调为例，根据控制要求利用FluidSIM-P软件搭建气动回路、电气控制回路、创建动态状态表，实现了单气缸延时气压系统的虚拟仿真装调。

关键词：FluidSIM-P；气压系统；仿真；装调

中图分类号：TH138；G712文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0036-04

Design and Practice of Simulation Assembly and Adjustment of

Pneumatic Transmission System

JIANG Xing-gang， LUO Ming

(Huaihua Vocational and Technical College, Huaihua418000, China)

Abstract: Pneumatic transmission technology is widely used in the field of light industry automation. Taking the installation and adjustment of single cylinder delay automatic reciprocating system as an example, according to the control requirements, FluidSIM-P software is used to build the pneumatic circuit, electrical control circuit and create the dynamic state table to realize the simulation installation and adjustment of single cylinder delay reciprocating air pressure system.

Key words: FluidSIM-P； pneumatic system； simulation； assembly and adjustment

通过诊断滤芯监测飞机动力系统与传输系统状态

冯广祥

(新乡航空工业（集团）有限公司，河南新乡453019)

摘要：飞机飞行过程中，通过对滤芯上污染物的收集、检测来监视飞机动力系统与传输系统中被油浸润的机械组件工作及磨损状态。收集到的微粒，污物，例如金属屑、炭化物和硅砂，会集中在“污染警报滤芯”的诊断层上。诊断层很容易移除，这样，在飞机的正常飞行及维护期间，通过更换滤芯，移除并检查诊断层，就可以及时获取相关组件磨损情况的信息。并且，还可以对检测层污染物进行进一步晶粒或光谱检查分析，判断污染物的成分，就可以分析发动机可能会出现的问题，并对相关组件进行有针对性的维护。

关键词：可移除诊断层；发动机磨损；“在线”监测

中图分类号：TH137；V19文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0039-03

Monitoring the Status of Aircraft Power System and Transmission

System through Diagnostic Filter Element

FENG Guang-xiang

(Xinxiang Aviation Industry (Group) Co., Ltd., Xinxiang453019, China)

Abstract: During aircraft flight, the working and wear status of mechanical components soaked by oil in aircraft power system and transmission system are monitored through the collection and detection of pollutants on the filter element. The collected particles and dirt, such as metal chips, carbonization, and silica sand, will be concentrated on the diagnostic layer of the “pollution alarm filter element”. The diagnostic layer can be easily removed. In this way, during the normal flight and maintenance of the aircraft, the information on the wear of relevant components can be obtained in time by replacing the filter element, removing and inspecting the diagnostic layer. In addition, further grain or spectral inspection and analysis can be carried out on the pollutants in the detection layer to judge the composition of the pollutants, so as to analyze the possible problems of the engine and carry out targeted maintenance on relevant components.

Key words: the diagnostic layer can be removed; engine wear; online monitoring

电缆摆杆气动控制策略的设计与完善

孟婧¹，赵明朝¹，程帆¹，郭珣¹，刘蕴辉²

（1.北京航天发射技术研究所，北京100076; 2.北汽福田汽车股份有限公司，北京102206）

摘要：通过论证和分析，设计了一种电缆摆杆的气动控制系统，根据试验验证结果，对设计方案进行了完善,达到最优的气动控制与使用效果。

关键词：气动；控制；设计；完善

中图分类号：TH138文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0042-06

Design and Improvement of Pneumatic Control Strategy for Cable Swing Rod

MENG Jing¹, ZHAO Ming-chao¹, CHENG Fan¹, GUO Xun¹，LIU Yun-hui²

(1. Beijing Institute of Space Launch Technology, Beijing100076, China;

2. Beijing FOTON MOTOR COMPANY, Ltd., Beijing102206, China)

Abstract: Through demonstration and anslysis,a pneumatic control system of cable swing rod is designed.According to the test results,the design scheme is modified and improved,the optimal pneumatic control effect and application effect are achieved.

Key words: pneumatic; control; design; improvement

汽车装载增压控制台的设计与性能研究

韩笑

（烟台汽车工程职业学院，山东烟台265500）

摘要：为提升汽车装载系统的控制精度和响应效率，提出一种液压增压控制平台。针对压力和流量控制机理，对平台进行了功能和结构设计，主模块包括负载增压模块、流量饱和模块和负流量控制模块等。在比例多路阀控制下，对阀口压力和比例泵输出特性进行了仿真和测试。结果表明，该平台具有较高的可靠性和稳定性，增压值与期望值的偏差低于5%。

关键词： 液压系统；增压控制；压力；流量；模块设计

中图分类号：TH137；TG502.32文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0047-04

Design and Simulation of Automobile Engine Supercharging Control Platform

HAN Xiao

(Yantai Automotive Engineering Career Academy, Yantai265500, China)

Abstract: In order to improve the control accuracy and response efficiency of automobile loading system, a hydraulic pressurization control platform is proposed. According to the pressure and flow control mechanism, the function and structure of the platform are designed. The main module includes load pressurization module, flow saturation module and negative flow control module. Under the control of proportional multi-channel valve, the valve port pressure and the output characteristics of proportional pump are simulated and tested. The results show that the platform has high reliability and stability, and the deviation between pressurization value and expected value is less than 5%.

Key words: hydraulic system; supercharging control; pressure; flow; module design

挖掘机行走马达制动特性研究

李正祥

(江苏汇智高端工程机械创新中心有限公司，江苏徐州211000)

摘要：针对某型号挖掘机液压行走马达制动冲击问题，对马达驻车延时制动阀和液压缓冲制动阀进行研究。分别建立了驻车延时制动阀CFD仿真模型和液压缓冲制动阀AMESim仿真模型，分析了马达驻车延时制动时间及不同阀芯阀套环形间隙、阀芯阻尼、缓冲活塞行程下的液压缓冲制动时间，对液压缓冲制动时间与延时制动时间进行了合理的匹配，保证了马达较好的制动性能。

关键词：行走马达；制动冲击；驻车延时制动；液压缓冲制动

中图分类号：TH137.51文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0051-04

Research on the Buffer Braking Characteristic of the Excavator Traveling Motor

LI Zheng-xiang

(Jiangsu Advanced Construction Machinery Innovation Center Ltd.，Xuzhou211000, China)

Abstract: Focus on the braking shock of the hydraulic travel motor of a certain excavator, carry out a research on the delay brake valve and hydraulic buffer brake valve. CFD simulation models of delay brake valve and AMESim simulation models of buffer brake valve are established respectively, analyzed the parking delay braking time and hydraulic buffer braking time of different annular clearance between spool and sleeve, damping of spool and stroke of buffer piston. Matching hydraulic buffer braking time and parking delay braking time reasonable, ensure the better braking performance of the motor.

Key words: excavator motor; braking shock; delayed braking; hydraulic buffer braking

电液阀阀体铸件质量稳定性研究

宁拥军，胡昌鹏，吕猛

（太重集团榆次液压工业有限公司铸造分公司，山西晋中030600）

摘要：电液阀阀体铸件是一种高强度高精度球墨铸铁件，其结构复杂、性能要求高。在阀体铸造过程和阀体装配使用过程中出现了难题，例如砂芯难以成形、铸件内部缺陷，阀体油道变形等。该文对这些难题进行了研究和解决，稳定了铸件质量，并将该工艺在多种类似产品铸件上进行了推广。

关键词：电液阀阀体；高强度高精度球墨铸铁件；砂芯成形；铸件内部缺陷；油道变形；稳定铸件质量

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0054-03

Study on Quality Stability of Electro-hydraulic Valve Body Castings

NING Yong-jun, HU Chang-peng, LV Meng

（Taiyuan Heavy Machinery Group Yuci Hydraulic Industry Co., Ltd., Jinzhong030600, China）

Abstract: Electro-hydraulic valve body castings is a kind of high strength and high precision Nodular castings. There are some problems in the process of body casting and body assembly, such as hard sand core forming, internal defects of casting, deformation of body oil passage, and so on. In this paper, these problems have been studied and solved, the casting quality has been stabilized, and the process has been extended to many similar products.

Key words: electro-hydraulic valve body; high strength high precision nodular cast iron; sand core forming; internal casting defect; oil passage deformation; stable casting quality

伺服阀内污染物来源分析和污染控制

马建毅¹，殷熙中²

(1.海装西安局，陕西汉中723213； 2.陕西秦峰液压有限责任公司，陕西汉中723000）

摘要：介绍了伺服阀的组成结构和工作原理，对生产和使用过程中出现的伺服阀内部污染问题，通过实例进行了分类分析，并提出相应的污染控制措施。

关键词：伺服阀；污染物；污染控制；分析

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0056-06

Contaminant Origin and Prevention in Servo-Valves

MA Jian-yi¹, YIN Xi-zhong²

(1. Navy Equipment Department Xi'an Bureau, Hanzhong723213；

2. Shaanxi Qinfeng Hydraulic Co., Ltd., Hanzhong723000）

Abstract: Structural compositions and working principle of servo-valves are briefly introduced. Through the production and maintenance, analysis the source of contaminant. Prevention methods are offered.

Key words: servo-valve; contaminant; prevention; analysis

基于安全度约束的工程设备压缩机维修可靠性分析

王旭

（宁夏回族自治区水文环境地质调查院,宁夏银川750000）

摘要：传统压缩机维修技术无法获取维修数据的平均分布结果，导致维修技术的可靠性分析具有较大误差，降低维修效率。为此，提出基于安全度约束的工程设备压缩机维修可靠性分析方法。分析工程设备压缩机结构与故障分析，结合安全度约束，获取维修数据的可靠性分布，计算压缩机剩余可维修价值，基于此，结合标准的压缩机结构体维修消耗时长，计算维修技术的可靠性。为验证所提方法的有效性，设计一次仿真实验。结果表明，利用所提方法对压缩机进行定期的维修与保养后，其管道滤网脏堵数量和损坏零件数量均明显下降，且维修成本也更低，说明所提方法满足合理化保护机械的实际使用需求。

关键词：安全度约束；压缩机；维修技术；维修数据分布；可靠性分析

中图分类号：TH138；TH243文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0062-04

Reliability Analysis of Engineering Equipment Compressor

Maintenance Based on Safety Degree Constraint

WANG Xu

(Hydrogeology Survey Institute of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan750000, China)

Abstract: Traditional compressor maintenance technology can not obtain the average distribution result of maintenance data, which leads to large error in reliability analysis of maintenance technology and reduces maintenance efficiency. Therefore, the reliability analysis method of engineering equipment compressor maintenance based on safety degree constraint is proposed. This paper analyzes the structure and fault analysis of engineering equipment compressor, obtains the reliability distribution of maintenance data and calculates the remaining repairable value of compressor combined with the safety degree constraint, and calculates the reliability of maintenance technology combined with the standard compressor structure maintenance time. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a simulation experiment is designed. The results show that after the compressor is regularly repaired and maintained by the proposed method, the number of dirty and damaged parts of the pipeline filter screen is significantly reduced, and the maintenance cost is also lower, indicating that the proposed method can meet the actual use needs of reasonable protection of building type application machinery.

Key words: safety constraint; compressor; maintenance technology; maintenance data distribution; reliability analysis

页岩气外输管线压缩机干气密封失效分析

江胜飞

（西南油气田公司蜀南气矿，四川泸州646000）

摘要：介绍了页岩气外输管线离心压缩机干气密封的工作原理和本次发生故障机组所用干气密封的特点。针对页岩气外输用离心压缩机组干气密封驱动端一级泄漏气流量异常增大的故障进行了分析。通过拆检干气密封，发现一级密封动静环均出现不同程度的磨损，经分析，确认为工艺气夹带固体杂质倒灌进入干气密封内部所致。主要原因为机组进出口压力波动大，机组进出口压差较小，一级密封气与平衡管压差持续波动下降导致工艺气倒灌，针对故障原因提出了建议措施。

关键词：离心式压缩机组；干气密封；磨损；工艺气；固体杂质

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0066-04

Failure Analysis of Dry Gas Seal Used in Centrfugal Compressor for the Shale Gas Export

JIANG Sheng-fei

(Shu'nan Gas Mine, Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company, Luzhou646000, China)

Abstract: This paper introduces the working principle of the dry gas seal of the centrifugal compressor for the natural gas pipeline and the characteristics of the dry gas seal used for the unit in fault. Analyzed the abnormal increase of primary leakage gas flow at the driving end of dry gas seal of centrifugal compressor for shale gas export. Through dismantling the dry gas seal, it is found that the first stage sealing ring is seriously worn, after analysis, it is confirmed that the solid impurities contained in the process gas are poured into the dry gas seal. The main reason is that the pressure at the inlet and outlet of the unit fluctuates greatly, the pressure difference at the inlet and outlet of the unit is small, and the pressure difference between the first stage seal gas and the balance pipe keeps fluctuating and decreasing, which leads to the process gas back filling. In view of the causes of the failure, some suggestions are put forward.

Key words: centrfugal compressor; dry gas seal; wear; process gas; solid impurity

橡胶黏弹性对O形和异形密封圈性能的影响研究

陆婷婷，刘宇轩，李芳，徐军，刘骏亚，王静

（合肥通用机械研究院，安徽合肥230031）

摘要：橡胶密封件是航空航天设备的关键部件，橡胶材料的黏弹性对橡胶密封圈密封性能有重要影响。对橡胶密封圈进行瞬态动力学分析，利用参数化语言施加位移载荷，模拟橡胶密封结构的压缩追随性能，并在此基础上研究了橡胶密封圈的截面直径、间隙张开量、间隙张开时间、截面形状对密封圈密封性能的影响。通过观察密封圈上表面的接触压力随时间的变化，探索基于材料黏弹性，振动工况下异形密封圈的设计依据。研究结果表明，增大密封圈截面直径，会使密封圈密封面接触压力增大，追随间隙波动能力增强，从而改善密封性能；通过比较不同截面直径、不同回弹时间和不同回弹量下两种密封圈的最大接触压力σmax，可知X形圈的最大接触压力σmax均高于O形圈，密封性能优于O形圈。另外，具体结构的振动频率及振动幅值（即回弹时间和回弹量）会对密封性能有重要影响。

关键词：有限元分析；异形橡胶圈；位移载荷；黏弹性；追随性

中图分类号：V255.3；TB42文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0070-05

A Study on Seal Performance of O-ring and Shaped Ring with Viscoelasticity

LU Ting-ting, LIU Yu-xuan, LI Fang, XU Jun, LIU Jun-ya, WANG Jing

（Hefei General Machinery Research Institute, Hefei230031, China）

Abstract: Rubber seal is a key component of Aeronautics and Astronautics equipment, the material viscoelasticity of which has a significant impact on the performance of the rubber ring seal. Transient dynamics analysis was used to study the seal ring, displacement load was applied by APDL to simulate the compression follow performance of seal structure, and study the effect of cross section diameter, the gap open quantity, gap open time, section shape on the seal performance. Contact pressure of the O-ring surface changing versus time was observed to explore the design principle of the seal ring in considering vibration and material with viscoelasticity. The research show that increasing the ring cross section diameter increases the contact pressure, enhances the ability to follow the fluctuations in the gap, thereby improving the seal performance; the comparison of the two ring maximum contact pressure σmax in different diameters, times and springback rebound section show that the maximum contact pressure σmax of X-ring is higher than the O-ring, which means X-rings seal performance is better than O-rings. In addition, the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude concrete structures (ie rebound time and springback) have an important impact on seal performance.

Key words: finite element analysis; shaped rubber ring; displacement load; viscoelasticity; follow performance

柔性石墨板材压缩强度测试标准分析

孔建，张理，曹凡，叶帅，戴领

（合肥通用机械研究院有限公司，安徽合肥230031）

摘要：该文通过对柔性石墨板材压缩强度的测试试验，分析并讨论新标准JB/T 9141.3-2013较老标准JB/T 9141.3-1999的主要变化及其合理性。

关键词：柔性石墨；压缩强度；标准分析；测试

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0075-04

Analysis of Test Standard for Compression Strength of Flexible Graphite Sheet

KONG Jian，ZHANG Li，CAO Fan，YE Shuai，DAI Ling

（Hefei General Machinery Research Institute, Hefei230031, China）

Abstract: This paper analyzes and discusses the main changes and rationality of the new standard JB/T 9141.3-2013 compared with the old standard JB/T 9141.3-1999 by testing the compression strength of flexible graphite plate.

Key words: flexible graphite; compressive strength; standard analysis; test

二氧化碳（CO2）热泵热水器的优势和应用难点及一种融霜问题解决方案

刘宇轩¹，许辉²，李猛²，宋俊峰²，刘磊²，陆婷婷¹

（1.合肥通用机械研究院有限公司,安徽合肥230031；

2.依米康科技集团股份有限公司，四川成都610041）

摘要：该文对国内二氧化碳热泵目前的应用现状进行了分析，并简要地介绍了二氧化碳（CO2）热泵热水器的运行原理。同时针对目前二氧化碳（CO2）热泵热水器应用之一的难点问题融霜提出了一种新式的融霜方法。该方法相比于目前的除霜方法具有显著优势。

关键词：二氧化碳；热泵热水器；发展现状；融霜

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0079-04

Application Status and Difficulties of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Heat Pump

Water Heater and a Solution to Defrosting Problem

LIU Yu-xuan¹, XU Hui², LI Meng², SONG Jun-feng², LIU Lei², LU Ting-ting¹

（1. Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hefei230031, China;

2. Yimikang IMIKANG TECH. GROUP. Co., Ltd., Chengdu610041, China）

Abstract: This paper analyzes the current application status of carbon dioxide heat pump in China, and briefly introduces the operation principle of carbon dioxide (CO2) heat pump water heater. At the same time, aiming at the defrosting problem of CO2 heat pump water heater, a new defrosting method is proposed. Compared with the current defrosting method, this method has significant advantages.

Key words: carbon dioxide; heat pump; water heater; development status; defrost

一种新型的双弹性自紧式硬密封结构的设计与研究

张建斌¹，胡建田²，杨玲玲¹，李伟¹，叶凯强²，叶显斌²

（1.合肥通用机械研究院有限公司，安徽合肥230031；

2.欧维克集团有限公司，浙江温州325100）

摘要：针对国内硬密封球阀，目前已成熟的密封结构不能满足高温高压工况条件下双向密封要求，研究设计一种新型的双弹性自紧式密封结构的硬密封球阀，从一种新的角度设计密封结构，密封面材料是金属对金属，并论述了其密封结构的特点和工作原理，提高了阀门的性能指标，从试验验证证明，以确认其密封的良好特性。

关键词：双弹性；自紧式；结构；设计

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0083-04

Design and Research of a New Type of Double Elastic Self Tightening Hard Seal Structure

ZHANG Jian-bin¹, HU Jian-tian², YANG Ling-ling¹, LI Wei¹, YE Kai-qiang², YE Xian-bin²

(1. Hefei General Machinery Research Institute, Hefei230031, China;

2. Oviko Group Co., Ltd., Wenzhou325100, China)

Abstract: Aiming at the domestic hard sealing ball valve, the mature sealing structure can not meet the two-way sealing requirements under high temperature and high pressure conditions, a new hard sealing ball valve with double elastic self tightening sealing structure is studied and designed. The sealing structure is designed from a new angle. The sealing surface material is metal to metal, and the characteristics and working principle of its sealing structure are discussed, The performance index of the valve is improved and verified from the test to confirm the good sealing characteristics.

Key words: double elastic; self tightening type; structure; design

密封件产品现场评价特点及注意事项

周萍

On-site Evaluation Characteristics and Points for Attention of Seal Products

ZHOU Ping

（合肥通用机械研究院，安徽合肥230031）

摘要：该文通过对密封件生产企业的实地核查，总结了在企业现场评价的特点和核查中应注意的一些事项，对于密封件产品的电商平台对密封件生产企业的评价有一定的参考和借鉴作用。

关键词：核查；密封件产品；性能；抽样

中图分类号：TB42文献标志码：B文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0086-03

变工况机械密封热力耦合特性分析

刘杰¹，李香¹，李庆春²，丁思云¹，沈宗沼¹，王永乐¹

（1.合肥通用机械研究院有限公司机械工业机械密封工程技术中心，安徽合肥 230031；

2.中油管道物资装备有限公司，河北廊坊 065000）

摘要：基于已设计的变工况机械密封为研究对象，建立机械密封二维轴对称模型，采用有限元的方法对变工况下接触式机械密封的动环、静止环进行热力耦合计算，分析密封环端面温度以及密封环端面轴向变形随介质压力和转速的变化规律，并进行试验验证结构设计合理性。结果表明：密封环端面的温度和最大温差，随着介质压力和转速的增大而增大；该结构的密封在运转时，由于热变形占主导作用，密封端面易形成正锥度，且随着压力和转速的升高而不断增大。经运行试验表明，该结构的机械密封在变工况下未出现可见泄漏，具有良好的密封性能。

关键词： 变工况；热力耦合；机械密封

中图分类号：TB42；TH117.2文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0089-05

Analysis of Thermal-mechanical Coupling Characteristics of

Mechanical Seals under Variable Conditions

LIU Jie¹, LI Xiang¹, LI Qing-chun², DING Si-yun¹, SHEN Zong-zhao¹, WANG Yong-le¹

(1. Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Machinery Industry Research Center of

Mechanical Seal, Hefei230031, China;

2. China Petroleum Pipeline Material and Equipment Co., Ltd., Langfang065000, China)

Abstract: Based on the variable condition of mechanical seal as research object, the two-dimensional axisymmetric model is established. The paper analyzes the end face temperature and axial deformation of seal ring end face seal ring changing with the medium pressure and rotational speed by using thermomechanical coupled finite element method. And experiments were carried out to verify the seal performance of the mechanical seal. The results show that the temperature and the maximum temperature difference of the seal ring face increase with the increase of medium pressure and speed. The sealing face of the structure is easy to form positive taper due to the dominant role of thermal deformation during operation, and it increases with the increase of pressure and speed. The operation test shows that the mechanical seal of the structure had good sealing performance and no visible leakage occurs under variable working conditions.

Key words: variable conditions; thermomechanical coupled finite element method; mechanical seal

低压比干式双螺杆空压机转子型线优化设计

耿茂飞，王乐，崔冬，李小仨，姜慧君，李金禄

（合肥通用机械研究院有限公司压缩机技术国家重点实验室，安徽合肥230031）

摘要：针对低压比干式双螺杆空压机，开展了转子型线优化设计，将其中摆线部分改进为圆弧及其共轭包络线，在基本不影响泄漏三角形的基础上，将“曲线-曲面”密封改进为“曲面-曲面”密封，提升密封性能；同时，将齿根与齿顶连接线简化为一段高阶多项式曲线，降低了设计与计算的复杂程度。最后，通过实验，验证了改进后的转子型线，相比较于原型线，在气量和比功率等关键参数上，均有所提升。

关键词： 双螺杆；空压机；型线；设计

中图分类号：TH138文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2022）03-0093-04

Optimization Design of Rotor Profilewith Low Pressure Ratio for

Dry Twin Screw Air Compressor

GENG Mao-fei, WANG Le, CUI Dong, LI Xiao-sa, JIANG Hui-jun, LI Jin-lu

（State Key Laboratory of Compressor Technology, Hefei General Machinery Research Institute

Co., Ltd., Hefei230031, China）

Abstract: For low pressure ratio dry twin screw air compressor, the rotor profile optimization design was carried out. The cycloid part was improved into arc and conjugate envelope. On the basis of basically not affecting the leakage triangle, the line-surface seal was improved into surface-surface seal to improve the sealing performance. At the same time, the connection line between tooth root and tooth tip was simplified into a polynomial fitting curve, which reduced the complexity of design. Finally, through experiments, it was verified that the improved rotor profile had been improved in key parameters such as gas volume and specific power compared with the prototype profile.

Key words: twin screw; air compressor; profile; design