液压技术与阀门技术的关系综述

吴顺明

(上海豪高机电科技有限公司，上海201614)

摘要： 液压技术与阀门技术同属于流体控制工程领域，经常应用于工业装备中，二门技术既相对独立又相互关联，文章从液压技术与阀门技术的相同与相似、液压技术与阀门技术的不同、液压技术在阀门技术中的应用和阀门技术在液压技术中的应用等四个方面来研究液压技术和阀门技术的关系，得出液压技术与阀门技术既可以相互借鉴又相互应用的关系。

关键词： 液压技术；阀门技术；关系；综述

中图分类号：TH137；TH134文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0001-03

Summary of the Relationship Between Hydraulic Technology and Valve Technology

WU Shun-ming

(Haogao Mechatronics Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai201614, China)

Abstract:  Both hydraulic technology and valve technology belong to the field of fluid control engineering, and are often used in industrial equipment. The two technologies are relatively independent and interrelated. The article introduce the study of relationship from four aspects: the same and similar between hydraulic technology and valve technology, the different between hydraulic technology and valve technology, the application of hydraulic technology in valve technology and the application of valve technology in hydraulic technology. The relationship between hydraulic technology and valve technology is to learn from each other and mutual application.

Key words: hydraulic technology; valve technology; relationship; summary

安全阀密封面涂层技术研究现状及展望

赵彦文¹， 闫华^2,3， 张培磊^2,3

（1.郑州职业技术学院汽车工程系，河南郑州450121； 2.上海工程技术大学材料工程学院，上海201620；

3.上海市高强激光智能加工装备关键技术产学研开发中心，上海201620）

摘要： 密封面涂层可提高安全阀特定工作面服役性能及其整体寿命。分析了安全阀密封面工作条件，综述了密封面堆焊、氧乙炔喷焊、双层辉光渗金属、热喷涂及激光熔覆的现状，并对安全阀密封面涂层技术的发展进行了展望。

关键词：  安全阀；表面改性；涂层技术；耐磨损

中图分类号：TH137;TG174.4文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0004-04

Research and Development of Coatings Technology for Safety Valve Sealing Surface

ZHAO Yan-wen¹, YAN Hua^2,3, ZHANG Pei-lei^2,3

(1. Department of Automotive Engineering, Zhengzhou Technical college, Zhengzhou450121, China；

2. School of Materials Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai  201620, China；

3. Research & Development Center for Key Technologies of Intelligent Ultra-intense Laser Processing Equipment, Shanghai 201620, China)

Abstract:  Service performance and life for valves can be improved by coatings technology on sealing surface. Based on the analysis of working conditions of sealing surface on valves, the recent progress of surface modification techniques such as surfacing welding, oxyacetylene flame spraying technology, double glow plasma metal alloying process, thermal spraying and laser cladding for sealing surface coatings and the processing techniques and applications are introduced. The developing tendency is expected.

Key words: safety valve; surface modification; coatings techniques; wear resistance

装载机传动技术的发展与趋势

李泽华，朱泉明，莫雄超

(广西柳工机械股份有限公司，广西柳州545007)

摘要： 装载机普遍采用液力传动系统，具有结构简单、性能可靠、成本低等优势使其在装载机行业得到广泛应用，但同时液力传动系统因具有低速段时动力传递效率低、发动机转速与行驶速度和牵引力三者强相关等缺点，其发展遇到技术瓶颈。随着技术的发展，静液压传动技术和HMT传动技术已逐渐应用于装载机，新技术的应用极大地提升装载机的节能效果、性能参数，已成为装载机传动技术的发展方向和趋势。

关键词： 装载机；静液压传动；HMT传动；趋势

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0007-04

Development and Trend of Loader Transmission Technology

LI Ze-hua, ZHU Quan-ming, MO Xiong-chao

（Guangxi Liugong Machinery Co., Ltd., Liuzhou 545007, China)

Abstract:  At present, loaders generally use hydrodynamic drive systems. The system has the advantages of simple structure, reliable performance, and low cost, making it widely used in the loader industry. At the same time, the hydrodynamic drive system has power transmission efficiency at low speeds. The disadvantages of low engine speed and strong correlation with driving speed and traction force have encountered technical bottlenecks in its development. As the market puts forward higher demand for loaders, HST and HMT have gradually been applied to loaders. The application of new technologies has greatly improved the energy-saving effect, performance parameters, and operating comfort of loaders. The development direction and trend of loader transmission technology.

Key words: loader; HST; HMT; trend0引言中国制造的3~12吨铰接式装载机传动系统基本

叶片修圆对蜗壳式轴流泵反转作透平的性能影响

程培斋， 李怀瑞

（兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院，甘肃兰州730050）

摘要： 为了利用轻化工行业中低扬程、大流量的液体余压能，以国内某企业生产的一台比转速为900的PLK XII型蜗壳式轴流泵为研究对象。对模型泵叶片的进口边和出口边分别进行了修圆处理（即在叶片的背面、工作面和叶顶的交线处倒圆角），建立叶片无修圆、进口修圆、出口修圆和进出口同时修圆4种叶轮的三维模型，然后使用ANSYS ICEM对模型进行非结构化四面体网格划分，并基于ANSYS Fluent对不同方案进行CFD定常数值模拟计算，得到了泵工况和透平工况下的外特性以及内部流动信息。研究表明：叶片进口处修圆会使模型泵的效率提升0.78%，但因为叶片有效面积的减少，扬程降低1.6%，轴功率降低1.5%。叶片出口修圆会使液力透平的效率提升0.92%，水头降低1.25%，轴功率降低1.31%。叶片进口修圆后进口附近的压力和速度分布得到了一定的改善，并且减小了叶片工作面的低压区面积,降低了汽蚀发生的可能性。

关键词： 蜗壳式轴流泵；叶片修圆；性能；影响

中图分类号：TH137;TH312文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0010-08

The Influence of Blade Roundness on the Performance of Volute Axial

Flow Pump Reversing Turbine

CHENG Pei-zhai, LI Huai-rui

(College of Energy and Power Engineering， Lanzhou Univ. of Tech.， Lanzhou730050, China)

Abstract:  In order to utilize the low-pressure, large-flow liquid residual pressure energy in the light chemical industry, a PLK XII volute axial flow pump with a specific speed of 900 produced by a domestic enterprise was taken as the research object. The inlet and outlet sides of the model pump blades were rounded (ie, rounded at the intersection of the back of the blade, the working surface and the tip of the blade), and the blades without rounding, inlet rounding, and exit rounding were established The three-dimensional model of four impellers was rounded at the same time as the import and export, and then ANSYS ICEM was used to perform unstructured tetrahedral meshing, and based on ANSYS Fluent, the CFD constant value simulation calculation of different schemes was performed to obtain the pump working conditions and penetration External characteristics and internal flow information under normal working conditions. Studies have shown that rounding the inlet of the blade will increase the efficiency of the model pump by 0.78%, but because of the reduction in the effective area of the blade, the head is reduced by 1.6% and the shaft power is reduced by 1.5%. The rounding of the blade outlet will increase the efficiency of the hydraulic turbine by 0.92%, reduce the head by 1.25%, and reduce the shaft power by 1.31%. After the blade inlet is rounded, the pressure and velocity distribution near the inlet have been improved to a certain extent, and the area of the low pressure area of the blade working surface has been reduced, reducing the possibility of cavitation.

Key words: volute type axial flow pump; blade roundness; performance; influence

双作用空心液压缸的设计建模与分析

李瑞锋¹，李客²，周伟召³，马海彦¹

(1.陕西机电职业技术学院智能制造学院，陕西宝鸡721001；

2.洛阳矿山机械工程设计研究院有限责任公司，河南洛阳471039；

3.陕西博鼎快速精铸科技有限公司，陕西渭南714000)

摘要： 为解决陕西某工程项目中实心液压缸拉紧钢丝绳安装不便，侧向受力寿命短的问题，设计了一种中空的双作用空心液压缸。为了验证所设计空心液压缸的承载性能，建立了数字化模型，同时建立同规格的实心液压缸数字化模型作为对照；然后利用Simulation分别对两种液压缸分别进行均布载荷和偏心载荷条件下的有限元分析。通过对比分析发现，在两种载荷下空心液压缸的最大应力，最小安全系数等指标均优于实心液压缸。验证了空心液压缸设计的合理性，也验证了空心液压缸的力学性能要优于实心液压缸，最后搭建实验系统，对液压缸试验件进行负载实验，实验表明：设计的液压缸负载能力达到设计要求。故该空心液压缸的设计方法具有推广价值。

关键词： 双作用空心液压缸；设计；三维特征建模；有限元分析

中图分类号：TH137.51文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0018-05

Design, Modeling and Analysis of Double Acting Hollow Cylinder

LI Rui-feng¹, LI Ke², ZHOU Wei-zhao³, MA Hai-yan¹

(1. Department of Intelligence Manufacturing, Shaanxi Institute of Mechatronic Technology, Baoji 721001, China；

2. Luoyang Mining Machineering Design Institute Co., Ltd., Luoyang 471039, China;

3. Shaanxi Boding Rapid Precision Casting Technology Co., Ltd., Weinan 714000, China)

Abstract:  In order to solve the problems of inconvenient installation and short service life of solid hydraulic cylinder tension wire rope in a project in Shaanxi Province, a hollow double acting hollow hydraulic cylinder is designed. In order to verify the load-bearing performance of the hollow hydraulic cylinder, the digital model of the cylinder is established, and the digital model of the same specification solid hydraulic cylinder is established as a reference. Through comparative analysis, it is found that the maximum stress and the minimum safety factor of the hollow cylinder under two kinds of load are better than the solid hydraulic cylinder. It is proved that the design of the hollow cylinder is reasonable, and the mechanical performance of the hollow cylinder is better than that of the solid hydraulic cylinder. Finally, an experimental platform is built to test the load capacity of the hydraulic cylinder. The experiment shows that the load capacity of the hydraulic cylinder meets the design requirements. Therefore, the design method of the hollow hydraulic cylinder is worth popularizing.

Key words: double acting hollow hydraulic cylinder; design; 3D feature modeling; finite element analysis

渣浆泵叶轮轴向间隙流动及泵体动态磨损

特性研究

张人会¹，郭璐明¹，李家虎²

(1.兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院，甘肃兰州730050；

2.襄阳五二五泵业有限公司，湖北襄阳441004)

摘要： 为研究渣浆泵开式叶轮轴向间隙流动结构及泵体动态磨损特性，采用RNG κ-ε湍流模型和离散相模型，对开式叶轮渣浆泵内非定常固液两相流动进行数值模拟，分析了叶轮轴向间隙泄漏流及其与主流的相互干扰作用；建立了渣浆泵泵体动态磨损模型，由UDF函数实现对泵体壁面磨损过程的动态模拟，运用动网格技术实现间隙网格运动区域的动态更新，分析了泵体的动态磨损特性及泵体表面粗糙度对其磨损特性的影响；通过引入时间系数法来实现对实际时间周期内的磨损量预测，根据该模型的实际运行周期内的磨损量对不同时间系数的预测模型进行非线性修正，建立了基于时间系数法的磨损预测模型，算例计算结果验证了预测模型的可靠性，该研究为渣浆泵泵体的磨损寿命的预测提供了一个可行的方案。

关键词： 渣浆泵；间隙流动；泵体；动态磨损特性；研究

中图分类号：TH137;TH311文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0023-07

Investigation on the Impeller Axial Clearance Flow and Pump Casing Dynamic

Wear Characteristics for Slurry Pump

ZHANG Ren-hui¹, GUO Lu-ming¹, LI Jia-hu²

(1. College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou Univ. of Tech., Lanzhou730050, China；

2. Xiangyang Wuerwu Pump Co., Ltd., Xiangyang441004, China)

Abstract:  In order to study the impeller axial clearance flow structure and dynamic wear characteristics of open impeller slurry pump casing. Unsteady solid-liquid two-phase flow in an open impeller slurry pump was simulated numerically using RNG κ-ε turbulence model and discrete phase model. The axial clearance leakage flow and its interaction with the main flow were analyzed. The dynamic wear model of slurry pump casing is established. The user defined function was used to simulate the wear process of the pump casing, and the dynamic mesh technique was used to dynamic update the clearance mesh. The dynamic wear characteristics of the pump casing and the influence of roughness on the wear characteristics of the pump casing surface were analyzed. The time coefficient method was introduced to predict the wear in the actual time period. The models with different time coefficients were nonlinearly modified according to the actual wear amount during the operation period of the model. The wear prediction model based on time coefficient method was established. The results of an example verify the reliability of the prediction model. This study provides a feasible scheme for predicting the wear life of slurry pump.

Key words: slurry pump; clearance flow; pumpcasing; dynamic wear characteristics; investigation

中国B类风场中水平轴风力机尾流特性研究

李德顺^1,2，臧志昭¹，黄涛³，李银然^1,2，郭涛¹，朱彦维¹

（1.兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院，甘肃兰州730050；

2.甘肃省风力机工程技术研究中心，甘肃兰州730050；

3.中国市政工程西北设计研究院有限公司，甘肃兰州730050）

摘要： 通过对中国B类风场平均风剖面来流条件下的风力机进行大涡模拟，研究风力机的尾流特性。研究发现，对于尾流时均轴向速度，速度剖面在1~7D范围内呈非对称“W”形分布，随着尾流继续向后发展，“W”逐渐演化为“S”形。由于风剪切效应影响，尾流轴向速度垂直剖面以轮毂中心线呈不对称性分布，尾流下半部区域较上半部区域的轴向速度恢复更快。对于轮毂中心线高度的尾流轴向速度，最大亏损发生在7D位置，最大亏损率为24.8%。距离风轮越远，尾流湍动能变化幅度和平均湍动能均逐渐减小。在下游1~9D范围内，出现了规律性的湍流结构，随着尾流逐渐远离风轮，小尺度高频湍流结构逐渐向大尺度低频湍流结构演化。

关键词： 水平轴风力机；中国B类风场；尾流特性；研究

中图分类号：TH138;TH312文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0030-07

Research on Wake Characteristics of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine in China's

Class B Wind Field

LI De-shun^1,2, ZANG Zhi-zhao¹, HUANG Tao³, LI Yin-ran^1,2, GUO Tao¹, ZHU Yan-wei¹

(1. College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou730050, China;

2. Gansu Wind Turbine Engineering Technology Research Center, Lanzhou730050, China;

3. Cscec Aecom Consultants Co., Ltd., Lanzhou730050, China)

Abstract:  By conducting large eddy simulations of wind turbines under the average wind profile of the China's Class B wind field, the characteristics of the wake of the wind turbine were studied. It is found that for the average axial velocity of the wake, the velocity profile is in the range of 1~7D Asymmetrical “W” shape distribution, as the wake continues to develop backwards, “W” gradually evolves into an “S” shape. Due to the wind shear effect, the vertical profile of wake axial velocity is asymmetrically distributed at the height of the hub center, and there is a phenomenon that the wake velocity near the ground recovers faster. For the axial speed at the height of the hub, the maximum loss occurs at the 7D position, and the maximum loss rate is 24.8%. The farther away from the wind wheel, the change of wake turbulent kinetic energy gradually decreases, and the average turbulent kinetic energy also gradually decreases. In the range of 1~9D downstream, a regular turbulent structure appears. As the wake gradually moves away from the wind wheel, the small-scale high-frequency turbulent structure gradually evolves to the large-scale low-frequency turbulent structure.

Key words:  horizontal axis wind turbine; China's class B wind field; wake characteristics; research

超高压液压密封试验系统研究

陈国安¹，王书婧¹，范天锦²

（1.陆军工程大学训练基地，江苏徐州221004；  2.徐州铭硕机械科技有限公司，江苏徐州221116）

摘要： 该文基于增压加载和柔性连接驱动技术，并分别采用定量泵和变量泵实施高压小流量增压加载和低压大流量柔性驱动，研制了超高压液压密封试验系统，提出了针对该超高压密封试验系统的相关参数匹配计算方法，分析了试验系统基本工作原理。所提出的试验技术对解决流体传动中高达数百兆帕超高压密封试验问题具有积极意义。

关键词： 超高压；密封；试验系统;研究

中图分类号：TH137；TB42文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0036-03

Research on Test System of Ultra-high Pressure Hydraulic Seal

CHEN Guo-an¹， WANG Shu-jing¹， FAN Tian-jin²

（1. Training Base， PLA Army Engineering University， Xuzhou221004, China；

2. Xuzhou Mingshuo Machinery Technology Co., Ltd., Xuzhou221116, China）

Abstract:  Based on the technology of pressurization loading and flexible connection driving, the test system of ultra-high pressure hydraulic seal was developed by using quantitative pump and variable pump to implement high-pressure small-flow pressurized loading, and flexible drive with low-pressure large-flow, respectively. The matching calculation method of the relevant parameters of the ultra-high pressure sealing test system was put forward, and its basic working principle was analyzed. The test technology proposed in this paper is of positive significance to solve the test problem of ultra-high pressure seal with up to several hundred MPa in fluid drive.

Key words: ultra-high pressure; hydraulic seal; test system; research 0引言密封是流体传动系统中防止泄漏的必备手段， 密

水下锚系观测系统着底动力学时域分析

唐松¹，米智楠¹，李伟雄¹，陈建平¹，金璐²

（1.同济大学机械与能源工程学院，上海201804；

2.同济大学国家海底科学观测系统项目办公室，上海200092）

摘要： 采用集中质量法，建立了水下锚系观测系统的运动方程，编制MATLAB程序在时域内计算分析了锚系在布放过程中的姿态变化、动态张力变化及速度变化，并对比分析了四种锚系型式和3种海底底质刚度对锚系最终入土深度的影响。研究表明：（1）锚系在布放过程中，第一阶段姿态变化幅度较大，触底时，锚系各节点的张力达到最大值，动态张力变化幅度较大，设计锚系需要选取足够强度的系留缆索；（2）海底地质刚度越大，入土越浅，但同时会引起硬性冲击，在设计锚系时，需要充分调研当地海域的情况，据此合理设计锚系；（3）在锚系浮力满足回收的前提下，合理增设小浮球组可以有效减小入土深度，还可以进一步提高锚系回收的可靠性，降低着底冲击力。

关键词： 锚系观测系统；集中质量法；动态布放；入土深度

中图分类号：TH137;TH113文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0039-06

Time Domain Analysis of Landing Dynamics for Submerged Mooring Observe System

TANG Song¹, MI Zhi-nan¹, LI Wei-xiong¹, CHEN Jian-ping¹, JIN Lu²

(1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University， Shanghai201804， China;

2. China National Scientific Seafloor Observatory Project Office, Shanghai200092， China)

Abstract:  The motion equation of the submerged buoy system bottoming seabed is established by using the lumped mass method. The MATLAB program is compiled to calculate and analyze the attitude change, dynamic tension change and speed change of the submerged buoy system in the bottoming process in time domain. The influence of four types of mooring system and three kinds of seabed stiffness on the final depth of submerged mooring system is analyzed. The results show that: (1) during the deployment of the submerged mooring system, the attitude changes greatly in the first stage. When reaching the bottom, the tension of each node reaches the maximum value, and the dynamic tension changes greatly; (2) The greater the seabed geological stiffness is, the shallower the soil will be, but at the same time it will cause hard impact. When designing the anchor system, it is necessary to fully investigate the situation of the local sea area, so as to reasonably design the anchor system; (3) On the premise that the buoyancy of the submerged buoy system can meet the requirements of recovery, the reasonable addition of small floating ball group can effectively reduce the embedded depth, and further improve the reliability of anchor system recovery.

Key words: submerged mooring observe system; lumped-mass method; dynamic deployment; embedded depth

基于CFD方法的汽车气动噪声特性分析与研究

闫春丽

（烟台汽车工程职业学院，山东烟台265500）

摘要： 以汽车天窗产生的气动噪声为研究对象，根据CFD分析原理及汽车结构特点建立仿真模型，对模型的粒子数量和气动阻力系数进行相关性验证。采用格子玻尔兹曼法与大涡模拟算法相结合的方法，研究汽车相对行驶速度以及天窗开启状态对气动噪声的影响规律。研究结果表明：当汽车与空气的相对速度为25 km/h时，声压达到最大值125.67 dB，对应的激振频率为28 Hz；相比于声压幅值，天窗开启状态对声压的波动性影响更为显著。

关键词： 气动噪声；气动阻力；CFD模型；研究

中图分类号：TH138；TD433文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0044-04

Analysis and Research on Aerodynamic Noise Characteristics of

Automobile Based on CFD Method

YAN Chun-li

(Yantai Automotive Engineering Career Academy, Yantai265500, China)

Abstract:  Taking the aerodynamic noise produced by the sunroof as the research object, the simulation model is established according to the principle of CFD analysis and the characteristics of the vehicle structure. The correlation between the number of particles and aerodynamic drag coefficient is verified. The grid Boltzmann method and the large eddy simulation method are used to study the influence of the relative speed of the vehicle and the opening state of the sunroof on the aerodynamic noise. The results show that when the relative speed of vehicle and air is 25 km/h, the maximum sound pressure is 125.67 dB, and the corresponding excitation frequency is 28 Hz. Compared with the amplitude of sound pressure, the opening state of skylight has more significant influence on the fluctuation of sound pressure.

Key words: aerodynamic noise; aerodynamic resistance; CFD model; research

直驱绞车液压盘刹系统优化设计与应用

何明泽¹， 高光达²， 马俊江³， 罗巍⁴，杨琦¹， 康迪¹

（1.西安宝美电气工业有限公司，陕西西安710065；

2.中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司钻井二公司，辽宁盘锦124010；

3.中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司顶驱技术分公司，辽宁盘锦124010；

4.中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司设备处，四川成都610056）

摘要： 随着变频技术和电机能耗制动技术的发展，盘刹系统的设计向着集成化、轻量化和信息化方向发展。该文概述了常规绞车液压盘刹系统，对直驱绞车液压盘刹系统进行了优化设计，并对常规绞车和直驱绞车液压盘刹系统响应时间进行了数据测试和试验，提出了进一步研究和优化液压盘刹系统的建议。

关键词： 直驱绞车；液压盘刹；优化设计；应用

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0048-03

Optimal Design and Application of Hydraulic Disc Brake System for Direct Drive Winch

HE Ming-ze¹, GAO Guang-da², MA Jun-jiang³, LUO Wei⁴, YANG Qi¹, KANG Di¹

(1. Bomay Electric Industries Co. Ltd., Xi'an710065, China;

2. Drilling No.2 Conpany, CNPC Greatwall Drilling Company, Panjin124010, China;

3. Top Drive Technology Branch, CNPC Greatwall Drilling Company, Panjin124010, China;

4. Equipment Dept., CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited, Chengdu610056, China)

Abstract:  With the development of frequency conversion technology and motor energy consumption braking technology, the design of disc brake system is developing towards integration, lightweight and information. In this paper, the conventional winch hydraulic disc brake system is summarized, the hydraulic disc brake system of direct drive winch is optimized, and the response time of conventional winch and direct drive winch hydraulic disc brake system is measured and tested, some suggestions on further research and optimization of hydraulic disc brake system are put forward.

Key words: direct drive winch; hydraulic disc brake; optimized design; application

核电厂主设备用大型液压阻尼器鉴定技术研究

汤臣杭，李磊，何劲松，邓丰

（中国核动力研究设计院核反应堆系统设计技术重点试验室，四川成都610213）

摘要： 针对核电厂主设备用大型液压阻尼器的鉴定技术要求，对国内外核级阻尼器鉴定相关的标准进行了梳理，分析比较了ASME QME-1、KTA 3205.3和NB/T 20036.4标准中对核级阻尼器鉴定要求。针对阻尼器鉴定试验中的刚度测试、使用工况模拟和老化试验次数等问题，进行了进一步探讨。结合《先进轻水反应堆用户要求文件》的要求，提出了核级阻尼器鉴定中刚度测试的一种替代方法；结合核电厂事故条件下环境情况，提出了和级阻尼器使用工况的模拟提出了具体方法；结合核电厂实际运行瞬态情况，提出了老化试验中试验次数的建议。基于核级阻尼器鉴定技术研究结果，给出了核级液压阻尼器鉴定示例。

关键词： 核电厂；液压阻尼器；鉴定；刚度测试；老化试验

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0051-05

A Study on Qualification Technology of Large Hydraulic Snubbers for

Nuclear Power Plants Equipment

TANG Chen-hang, LI Lei， HE Jin-song， DENG Feng

（Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory, Nuclear Power Institute of China,Chengdu610213, China）

Abstract:  For the qualification requirements of large hydraulic snubbers for the main equipment in nuclear power plants, the requirements and differences of different standards at home and abroad are analyzed. The requirements of nuclear snubbers qualification in ASME QME-1、KTA 3205.3 and NB/T 20036.4 standards are analyzed and compared. According to the requirements of “Advanced Light Water Reactor Utility Requirements Document”, an alternative method for stiffness testing in nuclear snubber qualification is proposed. According to the environmental conditions of the nuclear power plant under accident conditions, the simulation method of the operating conditions of the snubber is proposed. According to the transient situation of the actual operation of nuclear power plants, the suggestions on the number of tests in the aging test is proposed. Based on the research of nuclear-grade snubber qualification technology, an example of nuclear hydraulic snubber qualification is given.

Key words: nuclear power plant; hydraulic snubber; qualification; stiffness test; aging test

尾水管导流板对离心泵作透平时内部流动的影响

杨军虎,张欣娟,李怀瑞,李瑶

(兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院，甘肃兰州730050)

摘要： 为了研究尾水管导流板对离心泵作透平时内部流动的影响，采用ANSYS-Fluent软件，对增加尾水管导流板的液力透平内部流动状态进行数值模拟。通过安装尾水管导流板，使得尾水管实现收集叶轮出口液流并修正流动方向的作用，从而消除了叶轮流出液体的旋转运动，即消除尾水管中液体的圆周分速度，进而减少了由旋转造成的液力透平水力损失。对比分析了不同工况下有、无尾水管导流板时液力透平尾水管与叶轮内部的流动状态，揭示了尾水管导流板对液力透平各个过流部件流动状态的影响。研究结果发现：通过对透平尾水管加导流板对离心泵作透平尾水管和叶轮内部流场的流动状态有明显的改善，显著提高了泵作透平的水力效率，扩宽了离心泵作透平的高效运行区。

关键词： 离心泵；液力透平；尾水管导流板;内部流动；影响

中图分类号：TH137;TH312文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0056-06

The Influence of Draft Tube Guide Plate on the Inner Flow of Centrifuga Pump as Turbine

YANG Jun-hu, ZHANG Xin-juan, LI Huai-rui, LI Yao

(College of Energy and Power Engineering， Lanzhou Univ. of Tech.， Lanzhou730050, China）

Abstract:  In order to study the influence of draft tube guide plate on the inner flow of Centrifugal pump, the ANSYS-Fluent software was used to simulate the inner flow of Centrifugal pump with draft tube guide plate. By adding the draft tube guide plate, the inlet part of the guide plate has the tendency to collect the flow of the impeller outlet into the axial direction, thus eliminating the rotating movement of the liquid from the impeller, that is, eliminating the circumferential velocity of the liquid in the draft tube, the hydraulic loss of the hydraulic turbine caused by this will be reduced. The internal flow states of the draft tube and the impeller under different operating conditions with and without draft tube guide plates are analyzed and compared. It is found that the flow field in the draft tube and impeller of the centrifugal pump is improved obviously by adding a guide plate to the draft tube of the turbine, and the hydraulic efficiency of the pump as a turbine is improved obviously, the high-efficiency operation zone of Centrifugal pump as turbine is widened.

Key words: centrifuga pump; turbine; draft tube guide plate; inner flow； influence

O形圈三角形密封槽设计改进

李峰，董娟

（西安航天远征流体控制股份有限公司，陕西西安710100）

摘要： 介绍了O形圈角密封槽的结构特点及压缩量的计算方法。针对某角密封槽设计泄漏故障，利用有限元分析软件Ansys分析O形圈不同受力下的接触应力。通过分析发现泄漏的原因为：三角形密封槽结构O形圈受介质力后，轴向接触应力明显减小。根据分析结果制定改进方案，通过改变三角形密封槽的角度以减小介质力对接触应力的影响，解决泄漏问题，为三角型密封槽的设计改进提供依据。

关键词： O形圈；三角形密封槽；泄漏；设计改进

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0061-03

Design Improvement of O-ring Corner Seal Groove

LI Feng， DONG Juan

(Xi'an Aerospace YuanZheng Fluid Control Co., Ltd., Xi'an710100, China)

Abstract:  The paper introduces the structural characteristics of O-ring corner sealing groove and the calculation method of its compression amount. For the leakage fault of a corner sealing groove, the finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to analyze the contact stress of the O-ring under different stress. Through analysis, it is found that the cause of leakage is as follows：the axial contact stress of O-ring corner sealing groove structure decreases obviously after receiving medium force. An improvement scheme is developed based on the analysis results. By changing the angle of the corner sealing groove, the influence of medium force on contact stress is reduced to solve the leakage problem, which provides a basis for the design improvement of the corner sealing groove.

Key words: O-ring; corner sealing groove; leakage; design improvement

可伸缩式登船栈桥液压系统保压回路优化

方百富，徐林，罗伟平

（上海振华重工（集团）股份有限公司，上海200125)

摘要： 该文针对可伸缩式登船栈桥液压系统调试过程中保压回路出现的问题利用故障树对可能导致问题的原因进行了分析，通过AMESim建模仿真对导致问题的原因进行了验证并制定了改善措施，最后进行了试验验证，问题得到了有效的改善。

关键词： 保压回路;优化;液压系统；登船栈桥

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0064-03

Optimization of Hydraulic System Pressure-holding Circuit for Telescope Offshore Gangway

FANG Bai-fu， XU Lin， LUO Wei-ping

(Shanghai Zhenhua Heavy Industries Co., Ltd., Shanghai200125, China)

Abstract:  This paper analyzes the possible causes of the problems in the pressure-holding circuit during the debugging of the hydraulic system of the Telescope Offshore Gangway by using the fault tree, through simulation AMESim modeling for the cause of problem is verified and make the improvement measures, the final test verification, the problem has been effectively improved.

Key words: pressure-holding circuit; optimization; hydraulic system; offshore gangway

飞机液压油箱油量测量系统受短波电台干扰的分析研究

刘政宏，金磊，王鹏

（中航西安飞机工业集团股份有限公司，陕西西安710089）

摘要： 飞机液压油箱油量测量系统用于将油箱油量信息发送到飞机指示面板，液压油箱油量指示值能否真实指示液压油箱油量的实际油量，将影响飞行员对飞机液压系统工作情况的评估。针对飞机地面试验时液压油箱油量出现的跳变现象，在对液压油箱油量测量系统的工作原理以及液压油箱油量测量系统受到电磁干扰后的机理进行分析的基础上，通过试验证明，如果液压油箱油量测量系统的传感器与信号变换器之间的连接电缆屏蔽层有缺陷，且短波电台工作时将会影响液压油箱油量测量系统的正常工作。

关键词： 飞机；液压油箱；油量测量系统；短波电台

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0067-03

Analysis and Research of Oil Quantity Measurement System Interfered by

Short Wave Radio for Aircraft Hydraulic Tank

LIU Zheng-hong, JIN Lei, WANG Peng

（AVIC Xi'an Aircraft Industry Group Company Ltd., Xi'an710089, China）

Abstract:  The aircraft hydraulic tank quantity measurement system is used to send the oil quantity information of the hydraulic oil tank to the aircraft indicator panel. Whether the oil quantity indicator value of the hydraulic oil tank can truly indicate the actual oil quantity of the hydraulic tank will affect pilot's evaluation of the working condition of the aircraft hydraulic system. For aircraft ground tests of the hydraulic oil tank jump phenomenon, on the working principle of the hydraulic oil tank measurement system and the basis of the analysis of the electromagnetic interference. Through the experiment proved that if the hydraulic oil tank measurement system of the connecting cable shielding layer between the sensor and the signal converter is flawed and short wave radio will affect the normal work of the hydraulic oil tank measurement system.

Key words: aircraft; hydraulic tank; oil quantity measurement system; short wave radio

基于有限元的起落架收放作动筒强度分析和优化

付才¹，王涛¹，邓阳光²

（1.庆安集团有限公司，陕西西安710000;

2.西安航天天绘数据技术有限公司，陕西 西安710100）

摘要： 该文阐述了飞机主起落架收放作动筒的功能，通过产品的受力分析确定主起收放作动筒的主要承力件，及其最严酷受力环境；针对主要承力件开展了基于有限元法的分析工作，并对应力危险界面进行了结构优化，得到强度、刚度都满足要求的起落架模型。本文探索了基于有限元法的结构分析与优化技术，形成一套相对完整的飞机起落架结构分析和优化流程，为起落架分析与优化理论提供一定的参考意义。

关键词： 主起落架；有限元；受力分析；优化设计

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0070-05

Strength Analysis and Optimization of Landing Gear Retractable Actuator

Based on Finite Element Method

FU Cai¹， WANG Tao¹， DENG Yang-guang²

（1. Qing'an Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an710000, China;

2. Xi'an Aerospace Tianhui Data Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an710100, China）

Abstract:  This paper describes the function of retractable actuating cylinder of aircraft main landing gear. The main load-bearing parts of retractable actuating cylinder of main landing gear and its most severe environment are determined by force analysis of the product The finite element method is used to analyze the main load-bearing parts, and the critical stress interface is optimized to obtain the landing gear model whose strength and stiffness meet the requirements. This paper explores the structure analysis and optimization technology based on the finite element method, and forms a relatively complete set of aircraft landing gear structure analysis and optimization process, which provides a certain reference for the landing gear analysis and optimization theory.

Key words: main landing gear; finite element; force analysis; optimal design

干磨端面封在核电站安全壳贯穿件的应用研究

马晓荣, 陈鹍, 马爱琴

（中国核电工程有限公司，北京100840）

摘要： 该文研究了一种用于安全壳气体人员闸门核岛贯穿件上应用的机械端面密封装置，通过分析干摩擦副失效影响因素，选取了多个动静环材料组合，进行试验研究，最终选取高纯度C-WC摩擦副满足了设计要求，填补了国内干式端面密封在核电站安全壳贯穿件上应用研究的空白。

关键词： 端面密封；干磨摩擦副；核岛贯穿件；人员闸门

中图分类号：TB42;TH132文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0074-03

Research of Dry Seal-pairs Mechanical Seal for the Nuclear Island Penetration

MA Xiao-rong, CHEN Kun, MA Ai-qin

（China Nuclear Power Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing100840, China）

Abstract:  In this paper, a mechanical seal used in the nuclear island penetration of containment gas personnel gate is studied. By analyzing the failure factors of dry seal-pair, several material combinations of dynamic and static rings are selected for experimental research. Finally, high purity C-WC friction pair is selected to meet the design requirements, which is the first study of dry mechanical seal application in the nuclear power plant containment penetration.

Key words: mechanical seal; dry seal-pairs; containment penetrations; personnel air lock

机械内锁紧式液压缸自动化测试技术研究

秦俊，杨晓东，畅思琦，杜建国，袁里，杨少华

（山西航天清华装备有限责任公司，山西长治046012）

摘要： 机械内锁紧式液压缸在航天各类产品中应用广泛，其主要用来完成车辆设备的升车运动，使产品精确可靠定位，是实现车辆设备快速调平以及保持车辆平稳稳定的主要元件。目前机械内锁紧式液压缸在最终环节综合测试试验依然采用传统的人工操作为主的试验方法，试验过程中需要多人协同工作，试验控制、参数测量全部由人工操作，操作过程繁琐、效率低下，占用大量的人力、设备。机械内锁紧式液压缸用改进后的自动化试验系统进行自动控制综合测试，依次完成所有试验项目，试验结果均满足设计要求，且数据准确性更高，试验结果数据及过程数据具有可追溯性。

关键词： 机械内锁紧式液压缸；综合测试；PLC；自动控制

中图分类号：TH137.7文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0076-05

Comprehensive Testing Technology of Mechanical Internal

Locking Hydraulic Cylinder

QIN Jun, YANG Xiao-dong, CHANG Si-qi, DU Jian-guo, YUAN Li, YANG Shao-hua

（Shanxi Aerospace Tsinghua Equipment Co., Ltd., Changzhi046012, China）

Abstract:  Mechanical internal locking hydraulic cylinder is widely used in various types of aerospace products. It is mainly used to complete the lifting movement of vehicle equipment, so that the product is accurate and reliable positioning, and it is the main component to achieve the rapid leveling of vehicle equipment and maintain the stability of the vehicle during the launch process. At present, the mechanical internal locking hydraulic cylinder still adopts the traditional manual operation test method in the final comprehensive test and test. In the test process, many people need to work together, and the test control and parameter measurement are all operated manually. The operation process is tedious and inefficient, which takes up a lot of manpower and equipment. Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze and study the test method of mechanical internal locking hydraulic cylinder and the causes of abnormal conditions and improve the efficiency and reliability of comprehensive test. The improved automatic test system for mechanical internal locking hydraulic system is used for automatic control comprehensive test. All test items are completed successively and submitted for inspection and acceptance. The test results meet the design requirements and are more accurate.

Key words: mechanical internal locking hydraulic cylinder; comprehensive test; PLC; automatic control; aerospace products; special vehicle

小型液压压力机的设计

徐林锋^1，2，陈巨源²

（1.南开大学商学院，天津300400； 2.卡斯特姆液压天津有限公司，天津300400）

摘要： 为解决实际生产制造过程中人力挤压安装某些零部件困难且存在安全隐患的问题，专门设计了一款适用于各种需要挤压、折弯等组装工序的小型液压压力机。压力机是一种结构精巧，用途广泛，生产效率高的专用设备，其设计制造相对较为复杂，成本较高。新设计的小型液压压力机结构简单，制造简单，操作方便，成本低廉，目前已成功应用于公司的组装生产制造过程中，有效提高了衬套、轴承等零部件的压入工序和液压油管的折弯工序的工作效率。

关键词： 小型;液压;压力机；设计

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0081-03

Design of Small-scale Hydraulic Press

XU Lin-feng^1,2, CHEN Ju-yuan²

（1. School of Business, Nankai University, Tianjin300400, China;

2. Custom Hoists Hydraulics Tianjin Co., Ltd., Tianjin300400, China）

Abstract:  It is difficult to install some parts by manual extrusion in the actual manufacturing process and there are safety risks, we design a small hydraulic press to solve these problem. Press machine is a kind of special equipment with exquisite structure, wide use and high production efficiency. But it's design and manufacture are relatively complex and the cost is high. The new design of small hydraulic press is simple in structure, simple in manufacture, convenient in operation and low in cost. It has been successfully applied in the assembly process of our company, and has played a very good role in improving the efficiency of the pressing process of bushing, bearing and other parts.

Key words: small-scale; hydraulic; press; design

基于JMAG的航空机载电磁阀干扰仿真分析

郭子昂, 陈元恺, 仇全, 赵振平

（上海航空测控技术研究所故障诊断与健康管理技术航空科技重点实验室， 上海201601）

摘要： 电磁阀作为电磁执行元件的重要组成部分，应用十分广泛，在航空领域中通过经验设计和有限元计算辅助的方法对电磁阀设计中对工作效率和计算精度有较大提升，同时利用有限元计算软件，在电磁阀出现故障时机理分析和模拟仿真有很大帮助。该文利用JMAG软件利用静态磁场分析，对电磁阀受到干扰进行模拟，对电磁阀不同的工作状态以及产生的影响进行了评估，并对故障消除和优化提出了改进方案和措施。

关键词： 电磁阀;优化;干扰;仿真

中图分类号：TH137;TH16;F406.3文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0084-05

Simulation Analysis on Interference of Airborn Solenoid Valve

Based on JMAG Software

GUO Zi-ang, CHEN Yuan-kai, QIU Quan, ZHAO Zhen-ping

（Aviation Industry Corporation of China Shanghai Aero Measurement & Control Technology Research Institute Key

Laboratory of Aviation Technology for Fault Diagnosis and Health Management Research, Shanghai201601, China）

Abstract:  Solenoid valve as an important part of the electromagnetic actuator, the application is very extensive, in the aviation field through the experience design and the finite element computation auxiliary method to the solenoid valve design to work the efficiency and the computational precision to have the great enhancement, simultaneously utilizes the finite element computation software, in the solenoid valve failure mechanism analysis and the simulation has the very big help. Using the static magnetic field analysis of the JMAG software, this paper simulates the electromagnetic valve receiving interference, evaluates the different working states and the influence of the solenoid valve, and puts forward some improvement schemes and measures for the fault elimination and optimization.

Key words: solenoid valve; optimization; electromagnetic interference; Simulation

挖掘机液压缸活塞杆镀层局部漏镀原因分析

于铁柱，姚广一，盛红瑞，韦金钰

（徐州徐工液压件有限公司，江苏徐州221004）

摘要： 工程机械行业机械装备液压缸装备中活塞杆电镀为防护-耐磨性电镀镍/铬，该文主要介绍活塞杆在电镀过程中产生的局部漏镀缺陷，并根据工作经验从多个角度对其进行原因分析及提出相应的预防对策和解决方法，对快速排除挖掘机液压缸活塞杆镀层局部漏镀的原因具有一定的指导作用。

关键词： 液压缸；活塞杆；电镀；局部漏镀

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0089-03

Cause Analysis on Partial Skip Plating of Hydraulic Cylinder Piston Rod for Excavator

YU Tie-zhu, YAO Guang-yi, SHENG Hong-rui, WEI Jin-yu

(Xuzhou XuGong Hydraulic Component Co., Ltd., Xuzhou221004, China)

Abstract:  piston rod electroplating is protective-wear-resistant nickel/chromium plating in hydraulic cylinder equipment of mechanical equipment in construction machinery industry. This paper mainly introduces the local leakage plating defects produced by piston rod in electroplating process. According to the working experience, the causes of local leakage plating of piston rod coating in hydraulic cylinder of excavator are analyzed and the corresponding preventive countermeasures and solutions are put forward.

Key words: hydraulic cylinder; piston rod; electroplating; partial skip plating

某型飞机起落架收放系统故障分析与设计改进

伍峰，谢超，印正锋

（中航通飞华南飞机有限公司系统部，广东珠海519040）

摘要： 该文阐述了某型飞机起落架收放系统原理，介绍了该飞机在地面试验中出现起落架收放故障现象，对该故障进行原理分析，通过地面试验将故障原因定位为主起时序电磁阀回油不畅，并对起落架收放系统进行设计改进。

关键词： 飞机起落架收放系统；回油不畅；收放故障；改进

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0091-03

The Analysis and Improvement on the Malfunction of an Aircraft

Landing Gear System

WU Feng， XIE Chao， YIN Zheng-feng

（AVIC General Huanan Aircraft Industry， System Department， Zhuhai519040, China）

Abstract:  This paper describes the composition and principle of an aircraft landing gear system. It analysis the malfunction of the landing gear system when the aircraft is ground-testing. The failure is caused by the poor circulation in two electromagnetic valves and is improved by adding a non-return valve between the two electromagnetic valves and changing the linking method of the two valves from tandem connection to parallel linkage.

Key words: landing gear system; poor circulation; malfunction; improvement

人工辅助心脏—血泵用叶轮组件精密加工技术研究

杨增辉，李瑞光，张晋军，杜红年，李巍

（北京精密机电控制设备研究所，北京100076）

摘要： 该文对第三代人工辅助心脏-血泵的关键组件叶轮组件的加工工艺进行了研究，阐述了叶轮组件的工作原理，分析了叶轮组件结构特点和加工难点，介绍了叶轮组件研制涉及的数控加工、精密连接、清洗清理及精密抛研过程，最后给出了叶轮组件质量评价标准。

关键词： 人工辅助心脏；血泵；叶轮组件；加工工艺

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）04-0094-03

The Research on Precision Machining Technology of Impeller Assembly

for LAVD Blood Pump

YANG Zeng-hui, LI Rui-guang, ZHANG Jin-jun, DU Hong-nian, LI Wei

（Beijing Research Institute of Precise Mech Atronics and Contrds, Beijing100076, China）

Abstract:  This paper studys the processing technology of the key components of the third generation LAVD blood pump, describys the working principle of impeller assembly, analyzes the structural characteristics and machining difficulties of impeller components, introduces the NC machining/precision connection//cleaning and precision polishing involved in the development of impeller components, Finally the puality evaluation standard of impeller assembly is given.

Key words: LAVD；blood pump； impeller assembly； processing technology