液力传动技术发展与展望

闫清东，魏巍，刘城

(北京理工大学机械与车辆学院，北京100081）

摘要： 该文针对液力传动主要产品，分析了液力传动发展的关键技术及存在的诸多挑战，并结合液力传动技术的发展，论述了液力传动技术的主要发展目标和技术途径。

关键词： 液力行业；“十四五”规划；展望

中图分类号：TB42文献标志码：B文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0001-08

Development and Prospect of Hydrodynamic Power Transmission Technology

YAN Qing-dong, WEI Wei, LIU Cheng

机械密封行业现状及“十四五”发展思路

李香，李鲲

（合肥通用机械研究院有限公司,安徽合肥230031）

摘要： 介绍了机械密封行业现状，分析了目前存在的主要问题，提出了行业“十四五”发展思路，并给出了相应的实施措施和政策建议。

关键词： 十四五规划；机械密封；行业现状；发展方向

中图分类号：TB42文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0009-04

Development Status of Mechanical Seal Industry and Development

Ideas of “The 14th Five Year Plan”

LI Xiang， LI Kun

（Hefei General Machinery Research Institute, Co.， Ltd.， Hefei230031， China）

Abstract:  This paper introduces the development status of mechanical seal industry,

analyzes the main existing problems, puts forward the development ideas of the industry in the “14th five year plan”, and gives the corresponding implementation measures and policy suggestions.

Key words: the 14th five year plan; mechanical seal; industry status; development direction

回眸“十三五”，谋划“十四五”，

密封助力智造新征程

梁彬

(广州机械科学研究院有限公司,广东广州510700)

摘要： “十三五”是波澜壮阔、硕果累累的五年，国家取得了一系列举世瞩目的成就。2021年，是“十四五”的开局之年，在“新时代、新使命、新思想、新征程”指引下，密封人将砥砺前行。

关键词： “十三五”；“十四五”；密封；新征程

中图分类号：TB42 文献标志码：B文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0013-02

Looking Back on the 13th Five Year Plan， Planning for the 14th Five Year Plan，

Sealing Helps Intelligent Manufacturing

LIANG Bin

油温对液压阀口空化影响的实验研究

李清华,刘子晨,马云飞,郑直

（兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院，甘肃兰州730050）

摘要： 空化现象常发生在液压阀口处，严重影响着液压系统的控制精度，并伴有强烈的振动和噪声。针对液压阀口空化现象，运用可视化的实验方法，研究了油温对空化体积的影响。结果表明，在液压阀口处，当进出口压差一定时，随液压油温度升高，空化体积逐渐增大。当油液温度在30℃到60℃之间时，油温与空化体积近似呈线性关系。

关键词： 油介质；空化；温度；实验

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0015-04

The Experimental Investigation on the Influence of Oil Temperature on

Hydraulic Valve Orifices Cavitation

LI Qing-hua, LIU Zi-chen, MA Yun-fei, ZHENG Zhi

(Lanzhou University of Technology, College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou730050,China)

Abstract:  Cavitation phenomenon often occurs in hydraulic valve orifices, which seriously affects the control accuracy of hydraulic system, accompanied by strong vibration and noise. In view cavitation phenomenon of hydraulic valve orifices, visual experimental method was used to analyze the influence of oil temperature on cavitation volume. As a result, at the hydraulic valve orifices, When the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet is constant, the cavitation volume increases with the higher of oil temperature. When the oil temperature is between 30℃ and 60℃, the relationship between oil temperature and cavitation volume is approximately linear.

Key words: hydraulic oil; cavitation; temperature; experimental

液压油箱消泡对热平衡温度的影响研究

王素燕,杨胜清,武宗才，张贺，李森林

（广西柳工机械股份有限公司，广西柳州545007）

摘要： 该文通过降低液压系统气泡含量对热平衡温度的影响进行了研究，并运用CFD仿真技术对现有挖掘机液压油箱回油方式进行了优化设计。将CFD优化模型在整机上进行试验验证，结果显示整机液压油热平衡温度明显降低。为挖掘机液压油温高提供了一种解决方法，也为液压油箱的结构优化和整机的节能提供参考。

关键词： 液压油箱；CFD；仿真；消泡；热平衡

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0018-04

Study on the Effect of Hydraulic Tank Defoaming on the Heat

Balance Temperature

WANG Su-yan, YANG Sheng-qing, WU Zong-cai, ZHANG He, LI Sen-lin

（GungxiLiugong Machinery Co., Ltd., Liuzhou545007, China）

Abstract:  In this paper, the influence of reducing the bubble content of hydraulic system on the heat balance temperature is studied, and the optimization design of the existing excavator hydraulic oil tank oil return mode is carried out by using CFD simulation technology. The CFD optimization model is tested on the whole machine, and the results show that the heat balance temperature of the hydraulic oil is obviously reduced. It provides a solution for the high temperature of hydraulic oil in excavator, and also provides a reference for structural optimization of hydraulic oil tank and energy saving of the whole.

Key words: hydraulic oil tank; CFD; simulation; temperature of hydraulic

动态播种试验装置液压控制系统设计研究

李杞超，朱晓倩，马本明

（岭南师范学院机电工程学院，广东湛江524048）

摘要： 为提高排种器播种性能测试准确性，模拟排种器真实播种作业状况，设计一种动态播种试验装置，可对不同型号排种器进行试验测试。试验装置的控制系统采用全液压系统控制，详尽设计了试验装置行驶、排种器排种、以及排种器移动安装架液压控制系统，主要利用比例方向阀和比例流量阀对行驶速度和排种器转速进行匹配调控，实现不同作业速度，调整播种粒距，以适应不同作物的排种器性能测试，并给出了所需相关液压元件选定的方法。试验装置结构简洁，操作灵便，具有广泛的应用前景，为排种器排种性能测试试验台创新设计提供了新的思路，对排种器快速发展具有重大意义。

关键词： 动态播种;试验装置;液压控制;设计

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0021-06

Design and Research of Hydraulic Control System for Dynamic Seeding Test Divice

LI Qi-chao， ZHU Xiao-qian， MA Ben-ming

（College of Mechanical and Electrical, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang524048, China）

Abstract:  In order to improve the accuracy of seed metering device's seeding performance, simulate the real seeding operation of seed metering device, to design dynamic seeding test device, and carry out tests on different types of seed metering device. Test device of control system adopted full hydraulic pressure control system. It is designed detailed of the driving device of hydraulic control system, metering hydraulic control system and seed metering device installed mobile hydraulic control system, mainly using the proportionaldirection valve and proportional flow valve for matching speed and metering device speed regulation, implement different operation speed, adjust the sowing seed spacing, the exhaust device during the test, so as to adapt to different crops and related hydraulic components needed for the selected method is presented. This test device is simple in structure, easy to operate, and has a wide application prospect. It provides a new idea for the innovative design of the test device for testing the seeding performance of the seed metering device, and has great significance for the rapid development of the seed metering device.

Key words: dynamic seeding; test device; hydraulic control; design

轴向柱塞泵柱塞表面沟槽结构特性分析

张静，隋蕊阳，廖文博，周国杨

（兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院，甘肃兰州730050）

摘要： 利用AMESim软件和Fluent软件对轴向柱塞泵柱塞副进行仿真分析，通过AMESim柱塞泵模型得出柱塞腔压力曲线。在Fluent软件中通过UDF功能实现压力及运动速度的定义。比较分析6种不同结构柱塞的缝隙流动和均压特性。结论表明，不同的沟槽宽度和沟槽深度会对通过缝隙的流量和摩擦副油膜压力产生影响。沟槽宽度越大，通过缝隙的流量越大，沟槽深度越大，通过缝隙的流量越小。沟槽宽度和深度增加都会使均压效果更好，其中槽宽对均压特性影响更大。无沟槽结构柱塞通过缝隙的流量最小，但是均压效果最差。矩形沟槽结构柱塞在5种有沟槽结构柱塞中通过缝隙的流量最小，均压效果最好。该研究可为柱塞的密封与均压性能协同优化设计提供参考。

关键词： 柱塞副；AMESim；UDF；缝隙流动；均压特性

中图分类号：TH137.51文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0026-05

Analysis of Groove Structure on Piston Surface of Axial Piston Pump

ZHANG Jing, SUI Rui-yang, LIAO Wen-bo, ZHOU Guo-yang

（College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou Univ. of Tech., Lanzhou730050, China）

Abstract:  Using AMESim software and Fluent software to simulate and analyze the piston-cylinder pair of axial piston pump, the pressure curve of plunger piston chamber was obtained through AMESim piston pump model. In Fluent software, UDF function is used to realize the definition of pressure and movement speed. The gap flow characteristics and pressure equalization characteristics of piston with 6 different structures were compared.The conclusion shows that different groove width and groove depth will influence the flow rate and the hydraulic oil film pressure of friction pair. The larger the width of the groove, the greater the flow through the gap, the greater the depth of the groove, and the smaller the flow through the gap. The increase of groove width and depth will make the equalizing effect better. The flow rate through the slot is the least, but the equalizing effect is the worst. Among the five kinds of piston with rectangular groove structure, the flow through the gap is the least and the equalizing effect is the best. This study can provide reference for the collaborative optimization design of seal and pressure equalizing performance of piston.

Key words: piston-cylinder pair; AMESim; UDF; gap flow; pressure equalization characteristics

基于PLC的PVC颗粒双层自动称重包装机的

设计与开发

柯良，蓝裕浩，应森昂

（浙江工业职业技术学院机械工程学院，浙江绍兴312000）

摘要： PVC颗粒在工业领域用途广泛，是一种常用的塑料半成品。PVC塑料颗粒受潮后，会对其制成品的质量造成负面的影响，为了防止PVC颗粒存储和运输过程中受潮，通常采用聚乙烯编织袋作为外袋、聚乙烯袋作为内衬袋的双层包装，而目前，市场上颗粒自动包装产品以单层包装为主。该文设计了一种PVC颗粒双层自动称重包装机，以PLC为控制核心，通过控制继电器模块、电磁阀来控制气缸的动作，模拟人工包装，实现25~50 kg级的PVC颗粒自动供料、称重、给袋、开袋、封口、输送 减轻了工人的劳动强度，提高PVC颗粒的包装效率。

关键词： PLC;PVC颗粒；自动称重包装；双层包装袋

中图分类号：TH138；TP23文献标志码：B文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0031-05

Design and Development of Double Layer Automatic Weighing and Packing

Machine for PVC Particles Based on PLC

KE Liang， LAN Yu-hao, YING Sen-ang

黑河水电站水轮机主轴密封的优化改造

马艳丽¹ ，周强²，任江涛³

（1.杨凌职业技术学院,陕西杨凌712100;2.西安水务（集团）黑河水力发电公司,陕西西安710401;3.西安水务（集团）引乾济石管理有限公司,陕西商洛711400）

摘要： 西安水务集团黑河水电站采用水压端面式主轴密封，在电站运行初期和密封检修后首次运行均出现橡胶圈烧损等现象；在汛期又出现顶盖水压过大，机组漏水加剧。电站频繁进行密封件的检修和更换。该文针对电站的负荷变化和密封体的结构展开分析，提出泵板联合密封和抗磨环表面开槽的设计方案。并在3号机组进行了改造实践，并取得了良好的改造效果。

关键词： 黑河水电站；水压式端面密封；改造；抗磨环

中图分类号：TB42;TK730.8文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0035-04

Optimization of Turbine Main Shaft Seal for Heihe Hydropower Station

MA Yan-li¹, ZHOU Qiang², REN Jiang-tao³

(1. Yangling Vocational and Technical College, Yangling712100, China;

2. Heihe Hydropower Station in Xi'an Water (group), Xi'an710401, China;

3. Yin GanJi Shi Engineering Management Co. Ltd.  in Xi'an Water (Group), Shangluo711400, China)

Abstract:  The main shaft of Heihe Hydropower station of Xi'an Water Affairs Group is sealed with hydraulic pressure, and the rubber ring is often burned during the initial operation of the station and after maintenance. In the flood season roof pressure is too large, water leakage intensified. Frequent maintenance and replacement of seals at the power station. Based on the analysis of the load change and the structure of the seal body, the design scheme of the combined seal of the pump plate and the surface grooving of the anti-wear ring is put forward. The surface slotting treatment of anti-wear ring was carried out in unit 3 and good results were obtained.

Key words: heihe hydropower station; hydraulic type face seal； reform； wear ring

高密封性偏心圆与其包络线模型的研究

崔冬，姜慧君，李国强，李金禄，毛京兵

（合肥通用机械研究院有限公司压缩机技术国家重点实验室，安徽合肥230031）

摘要： 转子的型线设计对设备的密封性影响极大，针对现有转子存在尖点和对尖点直接倒圆的问题，该文通过研究现有转子的啮合特点，基于曲线啮合基本定理和平面坐标变换理论，提出了一种偏心圆与其包络线的模型，并通过包络法、运动学法和啮合法线法求解了包络条件，证明了三种方法的同一性与有效性，提出了一种应用偏心圆与其包络线的新型转子，该转子具有设计简单，方法可靠，啮合性好，密封性高的优点，提高了使用该转子的设备的性能和寿命。

关键词： 高密封性；啮合模型；偏心圆；转子设计

中图分类号：TB42;TH45文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0039-04

Research on the High Sealing Model of Eccentric Circle and Its Envelope

CUI Dong, JIANG Hui-jun, LI Guo-qiang, LI Jin-lu, MAO Jing-bing

(State Key Lab of Compressor Technology, Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co.,Ltd., Hefei230031, China)

Abstract:  The profile design of the rotor has a great impact on the sealing of the equipment. Aiming at the existing rotors with cusps and rounding, this paper studies the meshing characteristics of the existing rotors, based on the curve meshing theorem and the theory of plane coordinate transformation. A model of eccentric circle and its envelope is proposed, and the envelope conditions are solved by the envelope method, kinematics method and mesh normal method. The identity and validity of the three methods are proved. A rotor with an eccentric circle and an envelope has the advantages of simple design, reliable method, good meshing property and high sealing property, and improves the performance and lifespan of equipment with the rotor.

Key words: high sealing; meshing model; eccentric circle; rotor design

不同含气率下角座阀内流场分析

郑智剑^1,2，楼仲宇³，吴尔苗¹

（1.宁波市产品食品质量检验研究院（宁波市纤维检验所）,浙江宁波315048;

2.国家智能制造装备产品质量监督检验中心（浙江）, 浙江宁波315800;

3.浙江松乔气动液压有限公司,浙江慈溪315300）

摘要： 建立了角座阀内气-液两相流动的数学模型，对不同含气率下的流场进行数值分析。计算获得了阀内的速度、相分率和湍流强度等流体动力学参数，并分析了阀内旋涡形成机理和介质流动稳定性。结果表明：流场中的旋涡结构和数量主要取决于流道结构和流动稳定性。由于旋涡区流速较低，气相介质易停滞在旋涡区域，产生聚集现象。含气率的增加会提高阀内介质的湍流强度，进而增加流动不稳定性。阀内湍流强度最高的区域集中在阀芯底部，阀芯在湍动能和所受弹簧力的相互作用下，易产生振动。在含气率为1%~6%的区间内，含气率对阀门流通能力的影响较为有限。

关键词： 角座阀；含气率；流场分析；数值模拟；多相流

中图分类号：TH137.1文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0042-05

Analysis on Flow Field of Angle Seat Valve with Different Vapor Phase Fraction

ZHENG Zhi-jian^1,2, LOU Zhong-yu³, WU Er-miao¹

（1. Ningbo Academy of Product & Food Quality Inspection （Ningbo Fibre InspectionInstitute), Ningbo315048, China;

2. National Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment Quality Supervision & Inspection Center(Zhejiang) ,Ningbo315800, China; 3. Zhejiang Songqiao Pneumatic & Hydraulic Co., Ltd., Cixi315300,China)

Abstract:  The mathematical model for describing the flow characteristics of gas-liquid flow in the angle seat valve is established. Then the numerical analysis on the flow filed inside the valve under different gas phase fraction is conducted. The hydro-dynamic parameters, including the velocity, phase fraction and turbulence intensity, are calculated. Besides, the formation mechanism of the vortices and flow stability are discussed. The results show that: the structure and number of vortices mainly depend on the flow structure and stability. Because of the low velocity in the region of vortex, the gas tends to stagnate in this region, finally resulting in the aggregation of gas phase. The increase of gas phase fraction will increase the turbulence intensity of flow, further enhance the flow instability. The area with the highest turbulence intensity locates on the bottom of the valve spool. Therefore, the vibration of valve spool is prone to produce under the interaction of turbulent kinetic energy and spring force. In the range of 1%~ 6%, the gas phase fraction has limited influence on the flow capacity of the valve.

Key words: angle seat valve; vapor phase fraction; flow field analysis; numerical simulation; multiphase flow

自动保压液压系统在抓斗式卸船机上的

设计及应用

罗锦平，肖博涛

(上海振华重工（集团）股份有限公司，上海200125）

摘要： 为了提高设备的安全性，抓斗式卸船机的俯仰及起升机构都配备了高速、低速两种制动器。其中低速制动器为常闭式，设备正常工作时，液压系统提供稳定压力保持低速制动器一直打开，当紧急情况发生时，液压系统立即释放压力并使制动器快速制动，从而提高设备的安全可靠性。

关键词： 自动保压；液压系统；抓斗式卸船机；设计；应用

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0047-03

Design and Application of Automatic Pressure Maintaining Hydraulic

System in Grab Ship Unloader

LUO Jin-ping, XIAO Bo-tao

(Shanghai Zhenhua Heavy Industries Company Limited, Shanghai200125, China)

Abstract:  In order to improve the safety of the equipment, the boom luffing and lifting mechanisms of the grab ship unloader are equipped with high-speed and low-speed brakes. The low-speed brake is normally closed. When the equipment works, the hydraulic system provides stable pressure to keep the low-speed brake open all the time. When emergency happens, the hydraulic system releases the pressure immediately and makes the brakes close quickly, so as to improve the safety of the equipment.

Key words: automatic pressure maintaining; hydraulic system; grab ship unloader; design; application

液压闸式剪板机液压系统改进

赵增强，郑兆君， 王宪栋， 熊兆军

（山东胜利钢管有限公司，山东淄博255082）

摘要： 液压闸式剪板机使用过程中存在剪刃自动下落、剪切角不稳定、压脚动作滞后等故障。通过对上述故障的处理及分析，提出现有液压系统中的设计缺陷是导致出现以上故障的主要原因。提出了液压系统的改进方案，重新设计了液压原理图并安装调试。

关键词： 剪板机；剪刃下落；剪切角不稳定；压脚动作滞后；液压系统

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0050-03

Improvement of Hydraulic System for Hydraulic Gate Shears

ZHAO Zeng-qiang, ZHENG Zhao-jun, WANG Xian-dong, XIONG Zhao-jun

(Shandong Shengli Steel Pipe Co., Ltd., Zibo255082, China)

Abstract:  During the operation Hydraulic Gate type Shears, there are faults such as cutting edge falls automatically, shear angle instability and presser foot action lag. Through the processing and analysis of the above equipment failures, It is pointed out that the design defects in the existing hydraulic system are the main reasons for the above failures. Proposed an improvement plan for the hydraulic system, redesigned the hydraulic principle, installed and debugged.

Key words: shearing machine; cutting edge falling; shear angle instability; presser foot action lag; hydraulic system

某型燃油调节阀的仿真与故障分析

陈波¹，何勇¹，姚凯学¹，张庆铭²，钟强¹

(1.贵州大学计算机科学与技术学院，贵州贵阳550025;

2.贵州民族大学数据科学与信息工程学院，贵州贵阳550025)

摘要： 针对某型燃油调节阀中指令活门在试验过程中出现不能工作的工况，为了节省试验的人力和财力，依据其工作原理，建立燃油调节阀静态和动态数学模型。分析指令活门与计量活门位置关系，得出此系统中指令活门不能控。利用AMESim搭建模型仿真分析，找出指令活门不能工作因素。改变燃油调节阀计量活门弹簧刚度和预紧力，仿真出指令活门不能正常工作范围。通过建立模型与仿真分析出的结果与试验过程中出现的工况相符。提出通过更换弹簧能解决指令活门不能工作情况，该建模与仿真分析方法为后续试验和该阀的改型设计提供参考。

关键词： 燃油调节阀；液压扰动；液压控制系统；排故；AMESim仿真分析

中图分类号：TH137；V228.1+2文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0053-06

Simulation and Fault Analysis on a Certain Type of Fuel Control Valve

CHEN Bo1, HE Yong1, YAO Kai-xue1, ZHANG Qing-ming2, ZHONG Qiang1

(1. School of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang550025, China;2. School of Data Science and Information Engineering, GuizhouMinzu University,Guiyang550025, China)

Abstract:  In order to save manpower and money, static and dynamic mathematical models of a certain type of fuel control valve were established according to its working principle. The relationship between the position of the command valve and the metering valve is analyzed, and it is concluded that the command valve in this system cannot be controlled. AMESim was used to build model simulation analysis to find out the factors that the command valve could not work. By changing the spring stiffness and preload of the fuel regulating valve, the command valve can not work normally. The model and simulation results are consistent with the experimental conditions. It is proposed that the command valve can not work by changing the spring. The modeling and simulation analysis method can provide reference for the subsequent test and the design of the valve modification.

Key words: fuel regulating valve; hydraulic disturbance; hydraulic control system; troubleshooting; AMESim simulation analysis

基于气压传动的眼镜盒毛坯件整理及送料系统设计

朱志伟，张特

（南水北调中线信息科技公司，北京100038）

摘要： 针对现有眼镜盒生产设备自动化程度低的问题，设计了一种基于气压传动及PLC技术的眼镜盒毛坯件整理及送料系统。通过对眼镜盒毛坯件形状及眼镜盒生产工艺进行分析，运用现代化设计方法，将系统分为集料机构、限位机构、传送机构、理料机构和送料机构五部分。系统充分结合机电一体化技术，使传感器与多气缸结构相互配合工作，实现自动化运行。实践表明：该系统操作简便、运行稳定、安全可靠，具有广泛的市场前景。

关键词： 眼镜盒毛坯件；机电一体化；多气缸结构；气压传动；传感器

中图分类号：TH138;TH122文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0058-03

The Design of Finishing and Feeding System for Glasses Case

Blanks with Pneumatic Transmission

ZHU Zhi-wei, ZHANG Te

（Information and Technology Limited Company of the South-to-North Water Diversion MiddleRoute Project,Beijing100038, China）

Abstract:  Aiming at the problem of low automation of glasses case production equipment, an finishing and feeding system for glasses case blanks based on pneumatic transmission and PLC technology was designed. Based on the analysis of the shape of glasses case blank and the production process of glasses case, the system is divided into five parts: collection mechanism, limit mechanism, transfer mechanism, finishing mechanism and feeding mechanism by using modern design method. The system fully combines mechatronics technology to make sensors and multi-cylinder structure work together to realize automatic operation. Practice shows that the system is easy to operate, stable in operation, safe and reliable, and has broad market prospects.

Key words: glasses case blanks; mechatronics; multi-cylinder structure; pneumatic transmission; sensor

关于万能轧机轧辊轴向窜动间隙消除方案的探讨

吴远洪1，杨莉华2

（1.攀枝花钢钒有限公司轨梁厂，四川攀枝花617062；

2.四川机电职业技术学院，四川攀枝花617000）

摘要： 某企业的万能轧机组功能是轧制高精度钢轨的重要设备。万能轧机的轧辊系是箱型孔型，由上下水平辊和两立棍组成；在孔型的组合变化上均由液压全自动控制。在实际的轧制过程中，由于轧件的金属流动变形产生的内应力不同，进而造成上下水平辊产生严重的轴向窜动，该窜动的间隙量严重影响着轧辊系孔型的变化，进而影响着轧件的规格，严重影响产品质量。故此，该文着重探讨了轴向窜动间隙产生的原因以及如何解决间隙的问题，从而保证产品的规格质量。

关键词： 万能轧机；轴向窜动；钢轨规格；探讨

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0061-04

A Research on Eliminating Axial Move Clearance for Universal Rolling Mill

WU Yuan-hong1, YANG Li-hua2

(1. Panzhihua Steel and Vanadium Co., Ltd., Rail Beam Factory, Panzhihua617062, China;2. Sichuan Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Technology, Panzhihua617000, China)

Abstract:  A universal mill is one of the most important equipment for acquiring high precision steel rail in an enterprise， upper and lower horizontal roll and two vertical roll， of whose roll system is composed， all automatic controlled by hydraulic system. A severe axial play may occur to the horizontal rollers on account of internal stress differing from metal flow and deformation in practical rolling， which leads to a critical distortion of the roll system, therefore, dimension of the rolled pieces and product quality cannot be guaranteed. This article mainly studies causes of the clearance resulting in axial movement and its solutions to ensure a better-quality product.

Key words: universal rolling mill; axial movement; rail specification; research

正开口配流盘轴向柱塞变量泵输出特性预测

王建森，张志伟，于昕海，曹荣祯

（兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院，甘肃兰州730050）

摘要： 为了准确地预测正开口式斜盘轴向柱塞泵的流动特性，通过对单个柱塞的运动特性、过流面积、密封带、泄漏等重要影响因素进行分析。在此基础上，用MATLAB编程建立柱塞以及柱塞泵的流动特性方程，并且绘制过流面积曲线和密封带曲线。在输入结构参数后对柱塞泵流动特性进行仿真和分析，得到在不同转速以及压力条件下的泵的输出流量特性。通过比较分析可知，配流副之间的泄漏、滑靴副之间的泄漏、柱塞副之间的泄漏和三角槽的流量损失是影响柱塞泵容积效率的关键因素。当柱塞泵的出口压力增大时，泵的输出流量会有略微的下降，流量不均匀系数增加，容积效率下降，主要原因是由于出油口压力的增大使得摩擦副之间的泄漏量以及三角槽损失的流量增加。

关键词： 斜盘轴向柱塞泵；开口配流盘；流量特性预测；特性

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0064-07

Flow Characteristics Prediction on Axial Variable Piston Pump with

Cross Porting Valve Plate

WANG Jian-sen, ZHANG Zhi-wei, YU Xin-hai, CAO Rong-zhen

(School of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology， Lanzhou730050,China)

Abstract:  In order to accurately predict the flow characteristics of the axial variable piston pump with cross porting valve plate, through the analysis of the movement characteristics, flow area, sealing belt, leakage and other important factors of a single piston. On this basis, use MATLAB programming to establish the flow characteristics equation of the single piston and the piston pump, and drawing the flow area curve and the sealing belt curve. After inputting the structural parameters, the flow characteristics of the piston pump are calculated and analyzed, then getting the flow characteristics of the pump under different speed and pressure conditions. Through comparative analysis, it can be seen that the leakage between the valve pairs, the leakage between the slipper pairs, the leakage between the piston pairs and the flow loss of the triangular groove are the key factors affecting the volume efficiency of the piston pump. When the pressure of the piston pump increases, the flow of the pump will slightly decrease, the flow pulsation coefficient increases, and the volume efficiency decreases, the main reason is that the increase of oil outlet pressure increases the leakage between friction pairs and the flow loss of triangular groove.

Key words: axial variable piston pump; cross porting valve; flow characteristics prediction; characteristics

小流量工况下比例溢流阀振动问题研究

邢敏¹，刘汉余²，董万玉³

（1.莱芜钢铁集团银山型钢有限公司，山东莱芜271105；2.山东钢铁股份有限公司莱芜分公司，山东莱芜271105；3.太重集团榆次液压工业(济南)有限公司，山东济南250100）

摘要： 针对液压系统中，小流量工况下，比例溢流阀引起的回路振动问题，简化和分析了试验回路，并通过对比试验和对比例溢流阀结构及力平衡方程的分析，研究了比例溢流阀动态特性影响因素和小流量状态下振动问题的起因。经过分析，比例溢流阀固定阻尼孔的直径为影响其动态特性的主要因素之一。经过理论推导和试验验证，在溢流阀下面加过度块和阻尼的方法，能够很好地解决小流量工况下比例溢流阀引起的回路振动问题，阻尼孔的大小可以通过试凑的方式得到。

关键词： 比例溢流阀；振动；阻尼孔;研究

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0071-04

Vibration Research of the Proportional Relief Valve under the Small

Flow Condition

XING Min1， LIU Han-yu2， Dong Wan-yu3

(1. Laiwu Iron and Steel Group Yinshan Section Steel Co., Ltd.， Laiwu271105, China；

2. Laiwu Branch of Shandong Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Laiwu271105, China；

3. Taiyuan Heavy Machinery Croup Yuci Hydraulic Industry (Jinan) Co., Ltd., Jinan 250100,China)

Abstract:  Aiming at the vibration problems of the circuit caused by the proportional relief valve under the condition of small flow in the hydraulic system, the test circuit is simplified and then analyzed. Meanwhile the influencing factors of the dynamic characteristics of the proportional relief valve and the causes of the vibration problems under the condition of small flow are studied through the comparative test and through the analysis of the structure and force balance equation of the proportional relief valve. After analysis, the diameter of the fixed damping hole of the proportional relief valve is one of the main factors affecting its dynamic characteristics. Through theoretical deduction and experimental verification, by adding the transition block and the damping under this proportional relief valve, the problems of the circuit vibration caused by the proportional relief valve under the condition of small flow can be well solved. The size of the damping hole can be obtained by a trial and error approach.

Key words: proportional relief valve; vibration; damping hole; research

关于单杆液压缸串联控制的探究

杨发毅，谭琳

(广安职业技术学院，四川广安638000)

摘要： 单杆液压缸串联控制回路中，由于无杆侧相较于有杆侧的有效截面积更大，导致连通腔体内的液压油不能在两缸之间等容积转换，从而串联缸在排除制造误差及泄漏等因素的影响下，仍不能实现理论上的同步。结合公开文献资料，该文主要介绍几种新的设计思路来实现单杆液压缸的串联位移同步控制。同时提出了一种M型中位的比例电磁换向阀串联的设计理念，实现串联单杆液压缸在任意位置同步或特定关系异步的精确控制。

关键词： 单杆液压缸；串联缸；同步控制；异步控制

中图分类号：TH137.7文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0074-04

Research on Tandem Control of Single Rod Cylinder

YANG Fa-yi, TAN Lin

(College of Intelligent Manufacturing and Energy Engineering, Guang'an Vocational andTechnical College,Guang'an638000, China)

Abstract:  In the single-rod hydraulic cylinder series control loop, owing to the effective cross-sectional area of the rodless side is larger than the rod side, caused the hydraulic oil in the communicating cavity cannot be equivalent transformed between the two cylinders, thus under the influence of manufacturing errors elimination and leakage the series cylinder cannot be achieved theoretical synchronization.Combining with the public literature,this paper mainly introduces several new design ideas to achieve the serial displacement synchronous control of single-rod hydraulic cylinders.Meanwhile,a design concept of M-type middle position proportional electromagnetic directional valve in series is put forword to achieve precise control of serial single-rod hydraulic cylinders synchronous at any position or asynchronous with specific relationship .

Key words: single-rod hydraulic cylinder; tandem cylinder; synchronous control; asynchronous control

一种新型模块运输车动力装置

李艳兵，陈学斌， 夏刚睿

（湖北三江航天万山特种车辆有限公司重型工程装备研究所，湖北孝感432000）

摘要： 在模块运输车系统中，动力装置是非常重要的组成部分，然而在实际工作中，动力装置在超负荷运行时会引起故障并且影响到系统的正常运行，甚至造成重大经济损失。为了解决这一问题，研究设计一种高效便捷的动力装置极为重要，该文提出了一种简化的高效的新型动力装置，该装置具有可靠性以及高效维修性，不仅可用于模块车的应急动力装置，还可以作为模块车调试的动力源。

关键词： 模块运输车；动力装置；可靠性；调试

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0077-04

The New Modular Transport Vehicle Power Device

LI Yan-bing, CHEN Xue-bin, XIA Gang-rui

（Hubei Sanjiang Space Wanshan Special Vehicle Co., Ltd. Institue of Ground Equipment,Xiaogan432000, China）

Abstract:  In the modular transport vehicle system, the power device is a very important part. However, in the actual work, the power device will cause failure and affect the normal operation of the system, even cause significant economic losses. In order to solve this problem, it is very important to research and design an efficient and convenient power device is proposed. The device has reliability and high efficiency maintainability. It can not only be used as an emergency power device of modular vehicle, but also as a power source for commissioning of modular vehicle.

Key words: module transporter vehicle; power device; reliability; debugging

小型自动进样器的结构设计与误差分析

李晶¹，彭洋洋²，李大磊²，万卓²，王洋¹

（1.广东顺德创新设计研究院，广东佛山528000;

2.郑州大学机械与动力工程学院，河南郑州450000）

摘要： 针对国内现有液体处理工作站因无法调节通道间距、独立下探采样导致工作效率和自动化程度不高的问题与取样系统高精度、小型化的需求，设计了一种小型化、集成化的进样器，在机械机构上兼具吸、排液和自动装载、褪去吸头的功能。根据性能需求，给出了进样器的结构以及工作原理，通过ADAMS仿真软件对运动执行机构进行运动学仿真分析，得出活塞杆的运动特性曲线，结果显示运动特性与理论设计基本一致，验证了结构的合理性，可进一步优化。为拥有更高的取样精度，搭建了原理样机，通过对试验数据的分析得出误差补偿曲线和校正方法，实验表明该系统实现了预期的性能指标，可以满足实际需求。

关键词： 液体处理工作站；自动进样器；仿真分析；误差补偿

中图分类号：TH137；Q-337文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0081-05

Structure Design and Error Analysis of Small Automatic Sampler

LI Jing¹, PENG Yang-yang², LI Da-lei², WAN Zhuo², WANG Yang¹

(1. Guangdong Shunde Innovative Design Institute, Foshan528000, China;

2. School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou450000,China)

Abstract:  In view of the problems of low working efficiency and automation degree caused by the inability to adjust the channel spacing and independent sampling in the Chinese existing liquid treatment workstations, and the demand of high precision and miniaturization of the sampling system, a miniaturized and integrated sampler was designed, which has the functions of suction and discharge, automatic loading and removal of suction tips in the mechanical mechanism. According to the performance requirements, the structure and working principle of the injector were given. The kinematics simulation analysis of the motion actuator was carried out by ADAMS simulation software, and the motion characteristic curve of the piston rod was obtained. The results show that the motion characteristic is basically consistent with the theoretical design, which verifies that its structural design

is reasonable and can be further optimized. In order to have higher sampling accuracy, a prototype was built, and the error monson and correction method were obtained by analyzing the test data. Experiments show that the system has achieved the expected performance index and can meet the practical needs.

Key words: liquid treatment workstation; automatic sampler; simulation analysis; error compensation

基于ABAQUS的流体压力渗透O形圈密封

性能仿真研究

陈晨,钱国庆，许兴彦，欧叡，袁鹏超

（江苏永钢集团有限公司设备处，江苏张家港215628）

摘要： 为了探究液压系统中O形圈预压缩率、介质压力以及系统温度对O形圈密封性能的影响，该文通过有限元方法在ABAQUS中建立O形圈密封的二维有限元模型，采用流体压力渗透的加载方式模拟介质加压过程，该加载方式能自动精确地找到密封分离与接触的临界点，分析了O形圈在上述因素作用下等效应力和接触压力的变化规律。结果表明：预压缩率和系统温度对O形密封圈密封性能有一定的影响，而O形圈应力的变化主要取决于介质压力的变化，随着介质压力的增大，密封圈的接触压力也随之增大，并且密封圈的接触压力始终存在，表明O形密封圈密封性能良好。

关键词： 密封圈；压力渗透；热应力；等效应力；接触应力；密封性能

中图分类号：TB42文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0086-05

Simulation Study on O-ring Performance of Fluid Pressure

Penetration Based on ABAQUS

CHEN Chen， QIAN Guo-qing， XU Xing-yan， OU Rui， YUAN Peng-chao

(Jiangsu Yonggang Group Co.， Ltd.， Zhangjiagang215628， China)

Abstract:  In order to explore the influence of O-ring pre-compression rate, medium pressure and system temperature in hydraulic system on O-ring sealing performance, this paper uses finite element method to establish a two-dimensional finite element model of O-ring seal in ABAQUS, using fluid pressure penetration The loading method simulates the medium pressurization process. This loading method can automatically and accurately find the critical point of seal separation and contact, and analyzes the change law of the equivalent stress and contact pressure of the O-ring under the action of the above factors. The results show that the pre-compression rate and system temperature have a certain effect on the sealing performance of the O-ring seal, and the change of the O-ring stress mainly depends on the change of the medium pressure. As the medium pressure increases, the contact pressure of the seal ring also It increases and the contact pressure of the seal ring always exists, indicating that the O-ring seal has good sealing performance.

Key words: sealing ring； pressure penetration； thermal stress； equivalent stress； contact stress； sealing performance

某型号液压泵轴封低温渗油问题分析

付曙光，刘向阳，张圣卓，于亮

（北京航天发射技术研究所，北京100076）

摘要： 针对某型号负载敏感泵在低温试验过程中出现的轴封渗油问题，建立了故障树，并对问题原因进行了定位和机理分析，提出了改进措施并进行了试验验证。试验结果表明，改进措施有效。

关键词： 渗油；轴封；液压泵；分析

中图分类号：TB42文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0091-03

Analysis on the Low Temperature Oil Leakage of the Hydraulic Pump Axle Seal

FU Shu-guang, LIU Xiang-yang, ZHANG Sheng-zhuo, YU Liang

(Beijing Institute of Space Launch Technology, Beijing100076, China)

Abstract:  Aiming at the problem of oil leakage of the axle seal of a certain type load-sensing pump during the low-temperature testing, a fault tree was established. The cause of the problem was located and the mechanism was analyzed. In this paper, the improvement measures were proposed and tested. The test results show that the improvement measures are effective.

Key words: oil leakage; axle seal; hydraulic pump; analysis

薄壁冷拔管内孔浮镗加工端口失圆分析

韦金钰，马宝，符江，梁婉婉，汤宝石

（徐州徐工液压件有限公司，江苏徐州221004）

摘要： 薄壁冷拔管作为液压油缸生产最主要材料，加工端口失圆成为制约生产瓶颈。针对冷拔管经浮镗后出口端失圆缺陷进行受力物理模型分析，确认卡盘夹紧力是造成失圆主要原因，并进行三组不同规格冷拔管进行试验验证，结果显示在薄壁冷拔管端口在卡盘夹紧力下发生较大塑性变形，经过刀具切削后，端口形成梅花状。通过加工工艺优化，采用对头浮镗加工工艺可消除缸筒出口端失圆缺陷。

关键词： 浮镗；夹紧力；失圆；加工工艺

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2021）02-0094-03

Analysis on Out-of-roundness at Outlet End of Thin-wall Cold-drawn Tube after FloatingBoring

WEI Jin-yu, MA Bao, FU Jiang, LIANG Wan-wan, TANG Bao-shi

（Xuzhou XCMG Hydraulics Co., Ltd., Xuzhou221004, China）

Abstract:  As the most important material in the production of hydraulic cylinder, the out of round at the outlet end of thin-wall cold-drawn tube becomes the bottleneck of production. According to the physical model analysis of the out of round defect of the cold drawn tube after floating boring, it is confirmed that the chuck clamping force is the main cause of the out of round defect, and three groups of cold drawn tubes with different specifications are tested and verified. The results show that the end of the thin-walled cold drawn tube has a large plastic deformation under the chuck clamping force, and the end forms a quincunx shape after cutting. Through the optimization of the processing technology, the out of round defects at the outlet of the cylinder can be eliminated by adopting the butt floating boring processing technology.

Key words: floating boring; clamping force; out of round; processing technology