环形缝隙流量公式再探讨

熊文辉

（昆明中铁大型养路机械集团有限公司，云南昆明650224）

摘要： 对于液压元件其使用的寿命，使用的性能好坏取决于诸多方面。其中一个主要的影响因素是环形缝隙的流动，影响间隙流动的因素有阀芯尺寸，油液参数。根据流体公式的论证，环形间隙的大小和其可以通过的流量呈三次方关系。环形间隙的变化也直接导致了如阀件泄漏量突变的直接原因。结合以往处理液压系统中的发热，卡死和不建压等非正常现象，说明液压元件的选用材质，加工方法和表面处理工艺将直接导致设备在长期使用过程中的性能。设备早期选用成本较低的液压元件会导致后期维修成本的大幅提高。

关键词： 环形缝隙流动；泄漏；温升；流量公式

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0001-05

Further Discussion on the Flow Formula of Annular Gap

XIONG Wen-hui

（Kunming China Railway Large Road Maintenance Machinery Group Limited, Kunming650224, China）

Abstract:  For the service life of hydraulic components, the performance depends on many aspects. One of the main influencing factors is the flow factor of the annular gap. According to the demonstration of the fluid formula, the size of the annular gap has a cubic relationship with the flow through it. The change of annular clearance also directly causes the sudden change of valve leakage. Combined with the abnormal phenomena such as heating, jamming and no pressure building in the past treatment of hydraulic system, it is indicated that the selection of material, processing method and surface treatment process of hydraulic components will directly lead to the performance of the equipment in the long-term use process. The early selection of low-cost hydraulic components will lead to a significant increase in maintenance costs.

Key words: the annular gap flow; leakage; heating; the fluid formula

基于电液混合串联式机械臂末端力柔顺性控制研究

樊爱珍

(陕西工业职业技术学院公共课教学部， 陕西咸阳712000)

摘要： 基于传统串联式机械臂末端采用位置伺服控制，纯位置控制无法满足末端与外界环境柔性接触，尤其是串联式焊接机器人末端接触力一旦过大，容易造成末端受损，就这一问题提出了一种位置内环阻抗外环的柔顺性控制方法。首先，建立串联式机械臂D-H坐标法则，对机械臂进行运动学分析；其次，设计了串联式机械臂柔顺性控制算法，内环采用前馈PID位置控制算法，外环采用常规定阻抗算法；最后，结合实际串联式机械臂平台进行末端接触力柔顺控制实验。实验结果验证了该位置内环阻抗外环的柔顺性控制方法的有效性，能够很好地解决串联式机械臂末端接触力过大问题。

关键词： 串联式机械臂；柔顺性控制；运动学分析；前馈PID

中图分类号：TH137;TP24文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0005-05

Study on Control of the End Force Softness for Electric Fluid Hybrid  Series Robot Arm

FAN Ai-zhen

(Shaanxi Polytechnic Institute, Public Course Teaching Department, Xianyang712000, China)

Abstract:  Based on the traditional series robot arm end using position servo control, pure position control can't meet the end and the outside environment flexible contact, especially the series welding robot end contact force once too large, easy to cause end damage, on this issue proposed a position inner ring impedance outer ring soft control method. Firstly, the d-H coordinate law of the series robot arm is established to carry on the kinematic analysis of the robot arm, secondly, the series robot arm is designed to control the softness of the robot arm, the inner ring adopts the feed-forward PID position control algorithm, the outer ring adopts the usual pro-impedance algorithm, and finally, the end contact soft control experiment is carried out in combination with the actual series robot arm platform. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the softness control method of the inner ring impedance outer ring in this position, and can solve the problem of excessive contact force at the end of the series robot arm.

Key words: series robotic arm; soft control; kinematic analysis; feed-forward PID

带附加角结构的柱塞泵流场特性分析

刘雨¹，阎志刚²，马吉光¹，杨华¹

（1.中航力源液压股份有限公司，贵州贵阳550018；

2.空装成都局驻贵阳第三军事代表室，贵州贵阳550000）

摘要： 对带附加角结构的柱塞泵运动学进行分析，推导出上下死点偏转角、斜盘摆角和附加角的关系，并通过Pumplinx软件仿真论证了相关数学模型的正确性，最后，对某型带附加角结构的柱塞泵进行试验验证了相关结论的正确性，为带附加角结构的柱塞泵设计提供了重要参考。

关键词： 柱塞泵；附加角；流场特性；分析

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0010-05

Analysis of Flow Field Characteristic with an Additional Angle for Axial-Piston Pump

LIU Yu¹, YAN Zhi-gang², MA Ji-guang¹, YANG Hua¹

（1. AVIC Liyuan Hydraulic Inc., Guiyang550018, China；

2. Quality Representative, Guiyang550000, China）

Abstract:  Through analyze the motion features of the swash-plate with an additional angle for axial piston pump,Obtainedthe relationship between the deflection angle from top to bottom dead center, the swash-plate angle and the additional angle, and verify the correctness of the relevant mathematical model base on the Pumplinx software, finally, through the experiment verify the correctness of the related conclusions.The results can provide an important reference for design of the swash-plate with an additional angle for axial-piston pump.

Key words: axial-piston pump; swash-plate with an additional angle; flow field characteristic； analysis

南水北调中线工程液压启闭机系统设计研究

朱志伟

（南水北调中线信息科技公司，北京100038）

摘要： 南水北调中线工程液压启闭机主要应用于各节制闸（控制闸），通过调度中心远程控制启闭机的动作，调整闸门开度，使总干渠水量和水位平稳，确保输水工作安全。以国内外液压启闭机先进设计经验为基础，结合工程实际需求，设计了南水北调中线工程液压启闭机系统，并对其设计方案和液压系统进行了分析。实践表明，该液压启闭机系统稳定可靠、经久耐用，能够满足相应工程段的运行要求。

关键词： 液压启闭机；节制闸；远程控制；南水北调中线干线工程

中图分类号：TH137，TV734文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0014-04

Design and Research for Hydraulic Hoist System of South-to-North

Water Diversion Middle Route Project

ZHU Zhi-wei

（Information and Technology Limited Company of the South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Project,Beijing100038, China）

Abstract:  Hydraulic hoists for South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Project are mainly used in the control gates. The action of hydraulic hoists are controlled remotely by the dispatching center to adjust the opening of gates so as to stabilize the water volume and water level of the main canal and ensure the safety of water conveyance. Based on the advanced design experience of hydraulic hoist at domestic and foreign and combined with the actual needs of the project, the hydraulic hoist system of the middle route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project is designed, and its design scheme and hydraulic system are analyzed. Practice table shows that the hydraulic hoist system is stable, reliable and durable, and can meet the operation requirements of corresponding engineering sections.

Key words: hydraulic hoist; control gate; remote control; south-to-north water diversion middle route project

工况变化下柱塞泵中气体体积含量的计算与分析

马宜春

（中国航发西安动力控制科技有限公司，陕西西安710077）

摘要： 柱塞泵中各流动区域内油液的气体体积含量对柱塞泵的振动、噪声及寿命具有重要影响；以某型变量柱塞泵为研究对象，建立了流动的数学模型，在不同吸油压力、转速、斜盘倾角等工况下对柱塞泵流动区域内油液的气穴含量进行仿真分析及计算；结果表明，各种工况下，配流盘中的流动区域内气体体积含量均最高，最容易发生空化及气蚀；吸油口压力降低时，各流动区域气体体积分数含量显著增大，尤其在配流盘腰型槽边缘处，空化导致的气蚀几率大大增加，容易导致配流盘与缸体配合处发生损坏；而当转速提高或斜盘倾角增大时，除配流盘吸油腰槽内气体体积含量有一定增大外，其他流动区域内油液的气体体积含量变化不大，影响有限，为抗气蚀配流盘和泵吸油流道的设计提供了理论依据和思路。

关键词： 气体体积含量；吸油压力；气体体积分数；空化

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0018-06

Calculation and Analysis of Gas Volume Content in Piston Pump

under Different Working Conditions

MA Yi-chun

（AVIC Xi'an Aero-engine Controls Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an710077, China）

Abstract:  The gas volume content of the oil in each flow area of the piston pump has an important impact on the vibration, noise and life of the piston pump. Taking a certain type of variable displacement piston pump as the research object, the mathematical model of the flow is established, and the cavitation content of the oil in the flow area of the plunger pump is simulated and calculated under the conditions of different oil suction pressure, rotating speed and inclined angle of swash plate, Under various working conditions, the gas volume content in the flow area of the valve plate is the highest, which is most prone to cavitation and cavitation; when the pressure at the oil suction port decreases, the gas volume fraction in each flow area increases significantly, especially at the edge of the waist groove of the valve plate, the cavitation rate increases greatly, which is easy to cause damage to the matching part of the valve plate and the cylinder block; when the speed increases or When the inclined angle of swash plate increases, the gas volume content of oil in other flow areas has little change, and the influence is limited. The theoretical basis and ideas are provided for the design of valve plate and pump suction passage.

Key words: gas volume content； suction pressure； gas volume fraction； cavitation

104型空气分配阀故障统计研究及危害性分析

张健¹，邱雪红²，王凤钦¹，聂康¹

(1.中国铁路济南局集团有限公司济南车辆段，山东济南250000;

2.软通动力技术服务有限公司济南分公司，山东济南250000)

摘要： 在列车运行中，制动对列车安全运行的重要性众所周知。随着旅客列车速度的不断提高，对列车制动机可靠性提出了更为严峻的考验。由于我国普速旅客列车全部装备操纵本车制动和缓解作用的空气制动机，因此104型空气分配阀的故障统计分析和危害性研究迫在眉睫。

关键词： 104型空气分配阀；故障统计；危害性；分析

中图分类号：TH138文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0023-04

Fault Statistics Study and Perniciousness Analysis of the Type 104 Air

Distribution Valve

ZHANG Jian1, QIU Xue-hong2, WANG Feng-qin1, NIE Kang1

(1. Jinan Depot of China Railway Jinan Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Jinan250000, China;

2. iSoftStone Technology Services Ltd., Jinan Branch, Jinan250000, China)

Abstract:  The importance of braking to the safe operation of the train is well known. With the continuous improvement of passenger train speed, the reliability of train brake has been put forward a more severe test. Because all the general speed passenger trains in China are equipped with braking and mitigating air brake, it is urgent to study the fault statistical analysis and reliability of the type 104 air distribution valve.

Key words: the type 104 air distribution valve; fault statistics; perniciousness; analysis

基于斜盘式柱塞泵的HST仿真及实验研究

尹丛勃，杨文正，杜妍辰，任军华，陈权威

（上海理工大学，上海200093）

摘要： 为了研究农用拖拉机静液压传动系统（Hydrostatic Static Transmission，HST）性能，最大化HST整体效率，该文在分析其工作原理的基础上，利用Simulation X建立HST重要元件斜盘式柱塞泵的仿真模型，研究其流量与压力特性，并建立HST效率数学模型，通过静液压试验数据拟合模型中参数，利用最速下降算法优化得到HST最大效率对应的发动机转速与扭矩范围。研究结果表明：斜盘式柱塞泵随斜盘倾角（排量）变化，流量随正弦规律变化；柱塞泵输出压力随斜盘倾角变大而变大，且压力脉动也随之变大；优化算法得到发动机转速在1200~1600 r/min、2100~2500 r/min及扭矩在30~60 N·m，范围内HST的最大效率达到85%以上，说明此时HST损失功率最少。

关键词： 液压传动;柱塞泵;效率;优化;Simulation X

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0027-07

Simulation and Experimental Study of HST with Swashplate Plunger Pump

YIN Cong-bo, YANG Wen-zheng, DU Yan-chen, REN Jun-hua, CHEN Quan-wei

(University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai200093, China)

Abstract:  To study farm tractors Static hydraulic drive system (Hydrostatic Static Transmission, HST) performance, HST to maximize the overall efficiency, based on the analysis of its working principle and movement characteristics, on the basis of the important components in the HST was established based on SimulationX swashplate plunger pump, a simulation model of studying the characteristics of the flow and pressure, and establish the mathematical model of HST efficiency by Hydrostatic test data fitting parameters in the model, using the steepest descent algorithm is optimized by HST maximum efficiency of engine speed and torque range. The results show that the swashplate plunger pump changes with the inclination Angle (displacement) of the swashplate, and the flow changes with the law of sine. The output pressure of the plunger pump increases with the increase of the inclination Angle of the swash plate and the pressure pulsation also increases. The optimization algorithm obtained that the maximum HST efficiency reached more than 85% within the range of 1200~1600 r/min, 2100~2500 r/min and the torque of 30~60 N·m, indicating that the HST lost the least power at this time.

Key words: hydraulic transmission; plunger pump; efficiency; optimizing; Simulation X

基于Ansys Maxwell的永磁涡流缓速器仿真研究

郭超¹，吴岳²，邵万珍¹

（1.大连交通大学机械工程学院，辽宁大连116028；

2.北京航天智造科技发展有限公司，北京100039）

摘要： 该文以CRH380B型高铁列车为研究对象，设计了一种安装在其拖车组转向架上的新型非摩擦制动装置——永磁涡流缓速器。根据永磁涡流缓速器的结构和原理，利用Ansys Maxwell电磁场有限元分析软件对永磁涡流缓速器建立了简化模型。通过软件对模型进行磁场仿真计算，得到转速，永磁体数目，磁极轴向长度，气隙长度和转子盘厚度等因素对制动转矩的影响曲线，分析其变化原因，并做出了相应的结构优化。

关键词： 永磁涡流缓速器；Ansys Maxwell；有限元分析；仿真研究

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0034-06

Simulation Research of Permanent Magnet Eddy Current Retarder

Based on Ansys Maxwell

GUO Chao¹, WU Yue², SHAO Wan-zhen¹

(1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian116028, China；

2. Beijing Aerospace Intelligent Manufacturing Technology Development, Co., Ltd., Beijing100039, China)

Abstract:  In this paper, a CRH380B high-speed rail train is taken as the research object, and a new type of non-friction braking device mounted on the bogie of its trailer group is designed——a permanent magnet eddy current retarder. According to the structure and principle of permanent magnet eddy current retarder, a simplified model of permanent magnet eddy current retarder was established using Ansys Maxwell electromagnetic field finite element analysis software.By using the software， the magnetic field simulation calculation of the model is carried out, the influence curves of the rotational speed, the number of permanent magnets， the axial length of the magnetic pole, the length of the air gap and the thickness of the roto disk on the braking torque are obtained, then analyzing the causes of the changes and the corresponding structure optimization is made.

Key words: permanent magnet eddy current retarder; Ansys Maxwell; finite element analysis； simulation research

光电自准直仪在液压缸缸筒直线度检测中的应用

宋西华

（蚌埠液力机械有限公司，安徽蚌埠233030）

摘要： 液压缸缸筒的直线度检测，对于提高缸筒制造精度，提升液压缸产品质量具有十分重要的意义。该文通过分析光电自准直仪的工作思路，研究开发光电自准直仪检测液压缸缸筒直线度工作装置，并与传统的三坐标的直线度检测结果进行对比。实际检测结果对比表明，开发研究的光电自准直仪检测液压缸缸筒的直线度工作装置，针对缸筒直线度的检测是有效的，能够满足实际生产要求。

关键词： 液压缸缸筒；自准直仪；直线度；检测

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0039-03

Application of Photoelectric Autocollimator for Hydraulic Cylinder Tube

Straightnessfor Measurement

SONG Xi-hua

(Bengbu YeLi Machinery Co., Ltd., Bengbu233030, China)

Abstract:  The straightness detection of hydraulic cylinder is very important for improving the manufacturing accuracy of cylinder and the quality of hydraulic cylinder.Based on the measuring principle of photoelectric autocollimator, the straightness measuring device of photoelectric autocollimator is designed and developed in this paper. The results show that the device for measuring straightness of photoelectric collimator is effective for measuring straightness of cylinder tube and can meet the actual production requirements.

Key words: hydraulic cylinder tube; autocollimator; straightness; detection

大功率液压泵、液压马达噪声试验台的设计

郑智剑¹,王洋定^1,2，吴世锋³

（1.宁波市产品质量检验研究院（宁波市纤维检验所）,浙江宁波315048;

2.国家智能制造装备产品质量监督检验中心（浙江）,浙江宁波315800;

3.北京华德液压工业集团有限责任公司,北京100176）

摘要： 设计搭建了一套大功率液压泵、液压马达噪声试验台，完成了配套测试和数据处理软件的开发。该试验台噪声测试的精确度等级可满足液压泵、液压马达产品标准型式试验的要求。通过泵源、动力系统、加载系统和半消声室的设计，试验台的最大功率为500 kW，最大流量为1000 L/min，最高压力等级为40 MPa，半消声室的隔音量大于50 dB(A)。对于转速低于2800 r/min的液压泵以及转速低于3000 r/min且扭矩低于4000 N·m的液压马达，均可满足噪声测试要求。目前，该试验台已用于液压泵、液压马达噪声特性的第三方检验检测。

关键词： 液压泵；液压马达；半消声室；试验平台；试验研究

中图分类号：TH137.1文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0042-05

Design of Noise Platform for High-power Hydraulic Pump and Hydraulic Motor

ZHENG Zhi-jian¹, WANG Yang-ding^1,2, WU Shi-feng³

（1. Ningbo Academy of Product Quality Inspection (Ningbo Fibre Inspection Institute), Ningbo315048, China;

2. National Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment Quality Supervision & Inspection Center (Zhejiang),Ningbo315800, China;

3. Beijing Huade Hydraulic Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Beijing100176, China)

Abstract:  A high-power platform for testing the hydraulic noise of the hydraulic pump and motor is designed and constructed. The matching software for testing and data-process is also completed. The accuracy level of the platform meets the type test in the products standards of hydraulic pump and motor. Through the design of pump source, power system, loading system and semi anechoic chamber, the maximum power of 500 kW, the maximum volume flow rate of 1000 L/min, the maximum pressure of 40 MPa, and the minimum sound insulation of 50 dB(A) can be realized. The noise of the hydraulic pump with speed lower than 2800 rpm, and the hydraulic motor with the speed lower than 3000 rpm and the torque less than 4000 N·m can both be tested in this platform. At present, the platform is used for the third-party inspection on the noise characteristics of hydraulic pump and motor.

Key words: hydraulic pump; hydraulic motor; semi anechoic chamber; test platform; experimental research

基于AMESim的煤油强度试验器研制与分析

陈海生

（北京创新同源科技有限公司，北京100071）

摘要： 煤油强度试验器根据工作压力等级不同，可选择不同的压力控制方式。计算机根据用户输入信息自动选择供压方式，并具有自动升压和保压功能。使用AMESim软件进行建模并验证试验方案可行，通过仿真压力曲线分析，优化给定控制信号。控制系统采用LabVIEW编程，可以按照要求进行界面设计。试验数据可实时显示、存储、输出、打印等。

关键词： 煤油强度试验器；压力控制方式；建模仿真；试验

中图分类号：TH137.7文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0046-04

Development and Analysis of Kerosene Strength Tester Based on AMESim

CHEN Hai-sheng

（Beijing Transtory Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing100071, China）

Abstract:  Kerosene strength tester can choose different pressure control methods according to different working pressure levels. According to the user input information, the computer automatically selects the mode of pressure supply and has the functions of automatic voltage boost and pressure protection. AMESim software was used to conduct modeling and verify the feasibility of the test scheme. By analyzing the simulation pressure curve, the given control signal was optimized. The control system adopts LabVIEW programming, which can design the interface according to the requirements. Test data can be displayed, stored, output and printed in real time.

Key words: kerosene strength tester; pressure control mode; modeling and simulation; test

同步分流马达选型分析及试验研究

刘向阳，蒋众，何寥，于亮

（北京航天发射技术研究所，北京100076）

摘要： 该文对几款同步分流马达的分流精度进行了试验研究，对分流马达之间的特性差异进行了对比分析，为工程应用中分流马达的选型提供了较好的参考价值。

关键词： 液压分流马达；选型分析；试验研究 ；分流精度

中图分类号：TH137.51文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0050-05

Selection Analysis and Experiment Research of Hydraulic Synchronous Motor

LIU Xiang-yang， JIANG Zhong， HE Liao， YU Liang

（Beijing Institute of Space Launch Technology， Beijing100076, China）

Abstract:  The shunt accuracy of several hydraulic synchronous motor is studied in this paper, and the characteristic differences between the hydraulic synchronous motors are compared and analyzed, which provides a good reference value for the selection of the synchronous motors in the engineering application.

Key words: hydraulic synchronous motor; selection analysis; experiment research; shunt accuracy

提高伺服阀动态的参数分析

何汉林

（穆格控制系统（上海）有限公司，上海200120）

摘要： 该文通过对伺服阀传递函数中各项参数进行讨论和分析，阐述了各项参数对伺服阀动态性能的影响，并列举了提高伺服阀动态的常见措施，对伺服阀设计具有指导意义。

关键词： 伺服阀；动态；参数；设计

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0054-03

Parameter Analysis to Improve Servo Valve Dynamics

HE Han-lin

(MOOG Control System (Shanghai) Ltd., Shanghai200120, China)

Abstract:  This paper discusses and analyzes the parameters in the transfer function of the servo valve, expounds the influence of each parameter on the dynamic performance, and lists common measures to improve the dynamic, which has guiding significance for the design of the valve.

Key words: servo valve; dynamic; parameter; design

双波纹管结构在核电厂装卸料机应急解锁机构中的应用

张大林¹， 张连生²， 张文良¹， 关长江¹， 于翔麟¹， 张全厚¹

（1.沈阳仪表科学研究院有限公司，辽宁沈阳110043；

2.中核核电运行管理有限公司， 浙江嘉兴314300）

摘要： 金属波纹管以其弹性、密封等特性已经广泛应用于阀门、电力、石化等众多民用场合，核电行业以管路和阀门用金属波纹管居多，文章中所用场合为核电厂装卸料机应急解锁机构的波纹管组件，所设计的结构为双波纹管联动形式，利用波纹管的密封性能，承压性能以及弹性性能，替换了原有的单个波纹管独自工作的结构，大幅提升了结构的可靠性、安全性以及解锁动作的准确性，替代并超越了进口产品的原有结构。

关键词： 重水堆；解锁机构；金属波纹管；应用

中图分类号：TH138；TB42；TL334文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0057-05

Application of Double Bellows Structure for Emergency Unlocking Mechanism of

Nuclear Power Plant Loading and Unloading Machine

ZHANG Da-lin¹, ZHANG Lian-sheng², ZHANG Wen-liang¹, GUAN Chang-jiang¹, YU Xiang-lin¹, ZHANG Quan-hou¹

(1. Shenyang Academy of Instrumentation Sciences Co., Ltd., Shenyang110043, China；

2. CNNP Nuclear Power Operations Management Co., Ltd., Jiaxing314300, China)

Abstract:  Due to its elasticity and sealing performance, metal bellows have been widely used in many civil applications such as valves, electric power and petrochemical industry. Metal bellows are applied in pipelines and valves in the industry of nuclear electric power. In this paper, the bellows assembly is applied in the emergency unlocking mechanism of the loading and unloading machine of the nuclear power plant, and the structure is designed in the form of double bellows linkage, which replaces the former structure of single bellows working alone by taking advantage of the sealing, bearing and elasticity of bellows. As a result, the structural reliability, security and accuracy of unlocking is improved, then it replaces and exceeds the former structure of imported products.

Key words: heavy water reactor; unlocking mechanism; metal bellows; application

一种闭式高速压力机循环过滤润滑系统

汤伟，李言芝

(南京贝奇尔机械有限公司，江苏南京210038)

摘要： 提供一种闭式高速压力机循环过滤润滑系统，介绍了系统工作原理、结构构成及工作过程，该系统克服了现有技术的缺点，具有结构简单，循环润滑，安全系数高，使用寿命长等特点，能够很好地过滤杂质，避免堵塞，提高了润滑效果。

关键词： 高速压力机；循环过滤；润滑系统；构成

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0061-02

A Circulating Filtering and Lubricating System for Closed High-speed Press

TANG Wei, LI Yan-zhi

(Nanjing BIJUR Machinery Products, Co., Ltd., Nanjing210038, China)

Abstract:  This paper provides a closed-type high-speed press circulating filtration and lubrication system. The working principle, structure and working process of the system are introduced. The system overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and has the characteristics of simple structure, circulating lubrication, high safety factor, and long service life. It can filter impurities well, avoid clogging, and improve the lubrication effect.

Key words: high-speed press; loop filtering; ubrication system; structure

基于液压伺服系统的机械臂位置自抗扰控制研究

林希

(陕西工业职业技术学院机械工程学院， 陕西咸阳712000)

摘要： 鉴于传统串联式关节伺服电机驱动的机械臂负载能力小，机械臂末端误差累计大，该文设计了一种基于液压缸伺服驱动的串联式机械臂。针对液压缸非线性、摩擦力、以及抗干扰等因素的影响，提出了位置自抗扰控制（ADRC）算法，提高了机械臂位置精度及系统抗干扰能力。首先，设计了串联机械设计原理示意图，并介绍了控制要求；其次，以机械臂为研究对象，建立机械臂D-H坐标系，分析了机械臂的运动学；再次，就机械臂液压缸位置伺服系统设计了基于ADRC的高精度位置伺服控制算法；再次利用AMESim-MATLAB软件搭建机械臂仿真模型，并对比常规PID与ADRC算法对机械臂位置控制精度的影响；最后搭建实际机械臂液压缸位置跟踪控制实验平台，实验结果表明基于ADRC算法位置伺服控制精度高，提高了系统抗干扰能力，为今后实际机械臂位置高精度控制提供理论依据。

关键词： 液压机械臂；位置自抗扰控制；位置伺服；AMESim-MATLAB

中图分类号：TH137,TP24文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0063-06

Research on Position ADRC of Manipulator with Hydraulic Servo System

LIN Xi

(Shaanxi Polytechnic Institute, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Xianyang712000, China)

Abstract:  In view of the small load capacity of the manipulator driven by the traditional series joint servo motor and the large accumulated error at the end of the manipulator, this paper designs a series manipulator based on the hydraulic cylinder servo drive. In view of the nonlinear, friction and anti-interference factors of the hydraulic cylinder, the ADRC algorithm is proposed to improve the position accuracy of the manipulator and the anti-interference ability of the system. First of all, the design schematic diagram of the serial mechanism is designed, and the control requirements are introduced; secondly, the manipulator is taken as the research object, the D-H coordinate system of the manipulator is established, and the kinematics of the manipulator is analyzed; thirdly, the high-precision position servo control algorithm based on ADRC is designed for the position servo system of the hydraulic cylinder of the manipulator; thirdly, the simulation model of the manipulator is built by AMESim MATLAB software At last, the experiment platform of the position tracking control of the actual manipulator hydraulic cylinder is built. The experiment results show that the position servo control based on ADRC algorithm has high precision, improves the anti-interference ability of the system, and provides the theoretical basis for the future high-precision position control of the actual manipulator.

Key words: hydraulic mechanical arm; ADRC; position servo; AMESim-MATLAB

基于SimHydraulics的农业机械牵引力模拟系统研究

钱占松^1,2

（1.南京机电液压工程研究中心航空机电系统综合航空科技重点实验室，江苏南京210061）

2.中航工业南京伺服控制系统有限公司，江苏南京210061）

摘要： 牵引力模拟系统可使农业机械在室内进行试验，试验方便、可靠性好、效率高。系统执行机构采用三通阀控带恢复弹簧的单作用缸，首先对系统进行线性数学建模，利用Simulink根据线性模型初步设计控制器，然后利用SimHydraulics软件包进行系统机理建模，并修正控制器，系统的静态和动态特性满足指标要求。仿真和试验结果验证了三通阀控单作用缸可用在力控制系统中，同时拓展了三通阀的应用范围。

关键词： 牵引力模拟；三通阀控单作用缸；SimHydraulics；农业机械

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0068-05

Research of Traction Load Simulation System for Field Machine

Based on SimHydraulics

QIAN Zhan-song^1,2

(1. Nanjing Engineering Institute of Aircraft Systems, Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and

Technology on Aero Electromechanical System Integration， Nanjing210061, China;

2. AVIC Nanjing Servo Control System Co., Ltd., Nanjing210061, China）

Abstract:  Field Machine can be tested by the Traction Load Simulation System indoor, expediently, reliably, efficiently. An electro-hydraulic servo system with single-acting cylinder controlled by three-way valve was designed. Firstly, The Linearity-mathematical model was built, which was based on to design the abecedarian controller by Simulink. Then, we use SimHydraulics software package to build the system mechanism model, and reset controller to meet the requirements of system static an dynamic characteristics. Results of simulation and test validate the single-acting cylinder controlled by three-way valve can be used in force-control system, and expand the application range of the three-way valve.

Key words: traction load simulation; single-acting cylinder controlled by three-way valve; SimHydraulics; field machine

烟箱自动夹抱堆垛设备的设计与研发

伍锐^1，2，陈前进^1，2,李栓^1，2,杨芳³,李鹏飞^1，2,胡念武^1，2

（1.湖北中烟工业有限责任公司，湖北武汉430040;

2.湖北新业烟草薄片开发有限公司，湖北武汉430056;

3.昆明船舶设备集团集团有限公司，云南昆明650051）

摘要： 为解决烟草薄片成品打包段的自动化需求，有效地改善作业环境，减少工人的劳动强度，提高劳动生产效率，实现了生产线成品出箱处烟箱堆码的自动化。该文分析了设备工作原理并进行结构设计及计算，进而完成设备的整体结果设计，在此基础上，对设备的运功逻辑及电控系统进行设计，进而完成烟箱自动夹抱堆垛设备的研发。此设计能将烟箱按要求堆码成一垛4～6箱，与后续的成品库自动运输系统实现无缝对接，经应用验证，有效运行率达到99%，烟箱堆码能力达100%，每班节约人工2～3人，效果较好，达到了预期提质、降耗、减轻劳动力的效果。此装置目前已完成试制调试，该技术可直接推广到所有烟草或薄片加工企业的预压打箱装箱工艺段，提高自动化水平。

关键词： 烟箱;码垛;自动化;设计

中图分类号：TH137,TU688文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0073-04

Cigarette Boxes Automatic Clamp Piling Equipment Design and Development

WU Rui^1,2, CHEN Qian-jin^1,2, LI Shuan^1,2, YANG Fang³, LI Peng-fei^1,2, HU Nian-wu^1,2

（1. China Tobacco Hubei Industrial Co., Ltd., Wuhan430040, China;

2. Hubei Xinye Reconstituted Tobacco Development Co., Ltd., Wuhan430056, China;

3. Kunming Ship Building Equipment Co., Ltd., Kunming650051, China）

Abstract:  The work aims to solve the automation requirements of the packaging section of the finished tobacco slices, effectively improve the working environment, reduce the labor intensity of workers, improve labor production efficiency, and realize the automation of the stacking of cigarette boxes at the exit of the production line. The working principle of the equipment, carry out structural design and calculation, and then complete the overall result design of the equipment. On this basis, design the operation logic and electronic control system of the equipment, and then complete the research and development of the smoke box automatic clamping and stacking equipment. As a result, the cigarette boxes can be stacked into a stack of 4 to 6 boxes as required, and seamlessly connected with the subsequent finished product warehouse automatic transportation system. After application verification, the effective operation rate reaches 99%, and the stacking capacity of cigarette boxes reaches 100%. The shift saves 2 to 3 labors, the effect is good, and the expected effects of quality improvement, consumption reduction, and labor reduction are achieved. The device has been trial-produced and debugged, and the technology can be directly extended to all tobacco or sheet processing enterprises. The box packing process section improves the automation level.

Key words: cigarette box; stacking; automation; design

宽温型移动式自动增压设备的设计和应用

胡金波，杨俊卿，任春杰

（凯迈（洛阳）气源有限公司，河南洛阳471003）

摘要： 该文介绍了一种宽温型移动式自动增压设备，该设备主要由液压系统、气体压缩系统、水冷散热系统和电控系统等组成。采用移动式机箱设计，将各系统集成在机箱内，方便设备的移动和搬运；通过采用低温液压油和水冷散热系统，实现增压设备可在高低温环境中可靠工作；采用自动控制增压方式，减少人工操作引起的安全隐患。增压设备的实际使用结果表明：该设备结构紧凑、移动方便、实用性强、性能稳定，具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词： 宽温型；移动式；增压；自动控制

中图分类号：TH137，TH138文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0077-04

Design and Application of Wide Temperature Mobile Automatic Pressure Equipment

HU Jin-bo, YANG Jun-qing, REN Chun-jie

(Cama (Luoyang) Gas Supply Co., Ltd., Luoyang471003, China)

Abstract:  This article introduces a wide temperature type mobile automatic pressurization equipment, which is mainly composed of hydraulic system, gas compression system, water cooling system and electric control system. Adopting a mobile chassis design, integrating various system in the chassis to facilitate the movement and handling of the booster equipment; by using low-temperature hydraulic oil and water-cooled heat dissipation system, the booster equipment can work reliably in high and low temperature environments; the automatic control boosting method is adopted to reduce the hidden safety hazards caused by manual operation. The actual use results of the pressurization equipment show that the equipment has a compact structure, convenient movement, strong practicability, stable performance and broad application prospects.

Key words: wide temperature type; mobile; boost; automatic control

单级双吸清水离心泵双吸密封环间隙的节能改进试验

张元华，贾炼，刘莉莉，王禹森，李小宇

（达州市农业机械研究推广站，四川达州635099）

摘要：  通过对45个实际生产的单级双吸清水离心泵的双吸密封间隙由0.3～0.8 mm减小为0.2～0.6 mm的对比性能试验，泵效率提高1.6%～2%，对量大面广使用的单级双吸清水离心泵节能降耗巨大，社会经济效益显著。

关键词： 离心泵;双吸密封环间隙;改进;节能

中图分类号：TB42文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0081-03

Energy Saving Improvement Test of Double Suction Sealing Ring Gap for

Single Level Double Suction Water Centrifugal Pump

ZHANG Yuan-hua, JIA Lian, LIU Li-li, WANG Yu-sen, LI Xiao-yu

(Dazhou Agricultural Machinery Research and Promotion Station, Dazhou635099, China)

Abstract:  the efficiency of the pump was increased by 1.6% to 2% by comparing the sealing gap of 45 single-stage double-suction water centrifugal pumps, which were reduced from 0.3 to 0.8 mm to 0.2 to 0.6 mm. The energy saving and consumption reduction of single-stage double-suction water centrifugal pump with large amount and wide use are huge, and the social and economic benefits are remarkable.

Key words: centrifugal pump; double suction seal ring clearance; improvement; energy saving

伺服系统工艺禁忌体系建设与应用研究

朱剑,聂蕾,付宁,高春锋,桂林,宋振坤

（北京精密机电控制设备研究所，北京100076）

摘要： 基于伺服系统生产全过程，广泛收集、提炼实际生产操作中应该避免的各类工艺禁忌事项，建立了伺服系统工艺禁忌体系。通过深化其应用，进一步强化了对伺服生产过程的精细质量管控，并达到从源头预防，提高伺服生产本质可靠性的目标。

关键词： 伺服系统;工艺禁忌;源头预防;精细质量管控

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0083-06

Study on Construction and Application of Servo-system Process Taboo System

ZHU Jian， NIE Lei, FU Ning, GAO Chun-feng, GUI Lin, SONG Zhen-kun

（Beijing Institute of Precision Mechatronics and Controls, Beijing100076, China）

Abstract:  Based on the whole production process of servo system, all kinds of process taboos that should be avoided in actual production operation were extensively collected and refined, then the process taboo system was established. By deepening application, it further strengthened the precise quality control of servo production process, and achieved the goal of preventing at source and improving the essential reliability of servo production.

Key words: servo-system; process taboo; the source to prevent; fine quality control

螺纹插装半缸体柱塞作动模块及其在气动液压夹具中的应用

窦云霞^1,2,3，高新新^2,3

（1.苏州大学机电工程学院，江苏苏州215006； 2.苏州普来可瑞机电技术有限公司，江苏苏州215131 ；

3.苏州劳灵精密机械有限公司，江苏苏州215100）

摘要： 传统单作用活塞式气动与液压夹紧缸，由于有杆腔必须设置空气呼吸口，由此带来很多弊病；又由于活塞有杆腔必须套装复位弹簧，由此造成活塞杆较细，刚性较差。这对于小直径缸、特别是微小直径缸来说，是根本无法克服的技术缺陷。创新设计出了一种螺纹插装半缸体柱塞作动模块，克服了上述技术缺陷。此外，创新设计的半缸体柱塞模块，摒弃了传统夹紧缸冗余的缸体，仅仅保留了核心的夹紧作动部分，大大节约了制造成本。

关键词： 螺纹插装；半缸体；柱塞；模块；刚性

中图分类号：TH137；TH138文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）12-0089-03

A Semi-body Actuating Plunger Module with Threaded Cartridge Mount and

It's Application for Hydraulic or Pneumatic Clamp

DOU Yun-xia^1,2,3 ， GAO Xin-xin^2,3

(1. School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou215006, China；

2. Suzhou Player-Creater Mechanical and Electrical Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou215131, China;

3. Suzhou Raoring Precision Machinery Co., Ltd.， Suzhou215100, China)

Abstract:  The traditional single-acting piston clamping cylinder, hydraulic or pneumatic, has many disadvantages because the air breather vent must be set up in the cylinder chamber with piston-rod. Meanwhile, because the piston rod cavity must be fitted with a reset spring, the piston rod is thin and the rigidity is poor. This is an insurmountable technical defect for small diameter cylinders, especially for miniature diameter cylinders. This paper introduces an innovative design of semi-body actuating plunger module with threaded cartridge mount, which effectively overcomes the shortcomings of the above shortcomings of traditional cylinders. In addition, the module abandons the redundant cylinder block of traditional clamping cylinder, only retains the core clamping action part, which greatly saves the manufacturing cost.

Key words: threaded cartridge mount; semi-body; plunger; module; rigidity