基于AMESim的减压阀的建模与分析

杜海清，惠相君

（浙江工业职业技术学院机械工程学院，浙江绍兴312000）

摘要：减压阀广泛应用在各种液压系统中，它性能的好坏对整个液压系统的性能指标影响较大。因此该文在分析直动式和先导式减压阀工作原理的基础上，运用液压主流仿真软件AMESim建立减压阀仿真模型。所建立的模型可以用于减压阀的静动态特性分析，为减压阀的设计与优化提供参考。

关键词： AMESim；减压阀；HCD；特性分析

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0001-04

Modeling and Analyzing of Pressure Reducing Valve Based on AMESim

DU Hai-qing, HUI Xiang-jun

(School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang Industry Polytechnic College, Shaoxing312000, China)

Abstract: The pressure reducing valve is widely used in various hydraulic systems, its performance has a great influence on the performance index of the whole hydraulic system. Therefore, based on the analysis of the working principle of direct acting and pilot operated pressure reducing valves, the models are established by AMESim. The model can be used to analyse the static and dynamic characteristics of the pressure reducing valve and provide reference for the design and optimization of the pressure reducing valve.

Key words: AMESim；pressure reducing valve；HCD；characteristic analysis

电液伺服阀控机构特性分析与实验

王娜，李继平

（沈阳城市建设学院交通与机械工程系，辽宁沈阳110167）

摘要：针对传统液压伺服阀控机构的动态特性的重要性，该文以液压伺服阀控缸为对象，分析并实验负载力、油压、以及伺服阀泄漏系数等因素对控制系统的影响。首先介绍了液压伺服阀控机构基本原理和控制要求；其次，建立液压伺服阀控机构的数学模型；最后利用搭建伺服阀控机构实验平台，采用控制变量法，以不同负载力、油压、以及伺服阀泄漏系数等对控制系统的影响进行测试，实验结果为获取液压动力机构的最优动态特性提供理论基础。

关键词：电液；伺服阀控机构；特性分析；实验

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0004-04

Characteristic Analysis and Experiment of Electro-hydraulic Servo Valve Control Mechanism

WANG Na, LI Ji-ping

(Shenyang Urban Construction University, Department of Transportation and Mechanical Engineering,Shenyang110167, China)

Abstract: In view of the importance of the dynamic characteristics of the traditional hydraulic servo valve control mechanism, this paper takes the hydraulic servo valve control cylinder as the object, analyzes and experiment the influence of load force, oil pressure, and servo valve leakage coefficient on the control system. Firstly, the basic principle and control requirements of the hydraulic servo valve control mechanism are introduced; secondly, the mathematical model of the hydraulic servo valve control mechanism is established; finally, the experimental platform of the servo valve control mechanism is built, and the control variable method is used to test the influence of different load force, oil pressure and the number of servo valve leakage systems on the control system. The experimental results are to obtain the optimal hydraulic power mechanism dynamic characteristics provide theoretical basis.

Key words: electro-hydraulic； servo valve control mechanism； characteristic analysis； experiment

基于弹塑性方法的安全阀试验容器强度和疲劳问题分析

牛铮^1,2，范海俊^1,2，秦宗川^1,2，姚佐权^1,2，李永泰^1,2 ，朱金花^1,2

（1.合肥通用机械研究院有限公司，安徽合肥230031；

2.国家压力容器与管道安全工程技术研究中心，安徽合肥230031）

摘要：安全阀试验容器是安全阀型式试验系统的重要设备，其长周期安全运行是安全阀质量体系的有力保证。通过弹塑性方法，结合关联流动法则，考虑多种失效模式，对一台高压球形试验容器展开强度和疲劳分析，可针对结构应力-应变进行全过程计算。分析结果显示，弹塑性方法对于安全阀试验容器具有良好的分析效用，可提高安全阀型式试验的准确性和高效性，分析过程可作为相似设备的工程参考。

关键词：弹塑性；安全阀；试验容器；强度；疲劳

中图分类号：TH137；TH138文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0008-05

Strength and Fatigue Analysis of Safety Valve Testing Vessel Based on Elastic-Plastic Method

NIU Zheng^1,2, FAN Hai-jun^1,2, QIN Zong-chuan^1,2, YAO Zuo-quan^1,2, LI Yong-tai^1,2, ZHU Jin-hua^1,2

(1. Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hefei 230031, China;

2. National Technical Research Center on Safety Engineering of Pressure

Vessels and Pipelines, Hefei 230031, China)

Abstract: Safety valve testing vessel is a important equipment of the safety valve type test system, its safety operation of long term provides strong guarantee to the safety valve quality system. Through elastic-plastic method, combining associated flow rule, considering multiple failure modes, analyse of strength and fatigue to a high-pressure sphere testing vessel is launched, all process calculation of structure stress-strain could be operated.According to analysis result, elastic-plastic method performs excellent analysis effect on the safety valve testing vessel, additionally, it helps increasing the accuracy and high efficiency of safety valve type test, the analysis process can be a engineering reference of similar equipment.

Key words: elastic-plastic method; safety valve; testing vessel; strength; fatigue

曲轴及配油对伸缩摆缸液压马达压力脉动的影响

叶春浓，葛正菊

（佛山市顺德区中意液压有限公司，广东佛山528000）

摘要：通过测量马达进出口及配油流道的压力，研究曲轴及配油对伸缩摆缸液压马达压力脉动的影响，并与现有文献通过理论计算得到的角排量对压力脉动的影响进行比较。结果表明：曲轴对压力脉动的影响虽存在但不明显，配油通过流道长度和通油面积的周期性变化两条途径对压力脉动施加显著的影响，实测压力曲线没有呈现出角排量对压力脉动有影响。

关键词：压力脉动；曲轴；配油；液压马达

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0013-05

The Influence of Crankshaft and Distribution on the Pressure Ripple of

Telescopic Swing Cylinder Hydraulic Motor

YE Chun-nong, GE Zheng-ju

(Intra-Italia Hydraulics Foshan Shunde Co., Ltd., Foshan528000, China)

Abstract: The objectives of this work were to investigate the influence of crankshaft and distribution on the pressure ripple of telescopic swing cylinder hydraulic motor by test the pressure of inlet /outlet port and distribution passageway, and compare with the influence of angle displacement on pressure ripple obtained by theoretical calculation in existing literatures. The results show that: The influence of crankshaft on pressure ripple is not obvious though it exists. Distribution exerts significant influence on pressure ripple through two ways, the periodic change of passageway length and distribution area. The measured pressure curve shows no effect of angle displacement on pressure ripple.

Key words: pressure ripple; crankshaft; distribution; hydraulic motor

某型液压泵轴尾轴承改进设计与寿命分析

付振一¹，曹江²，吴茂民¹，胡洪林¹，翟陆元¹

(1.中航力源液压股份有限公司，贵州贵阳550018；

2.空军装备部驻贵阳地区第三军事代表室，贵州贵阳550009）

摘要：该文根据某型航空液压泵的轴尾轴承的故障情况，采用ANSYS对所使用的轴承进行受力分析及优化设计。根据不同工况对轴承进行不同轴向力、径向力载荷下的寿命对比分析计算，经试验验证，改进后轴承的使用寿命得到了很大提高。

关键词：液压泵；轴承；寿命；设计

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0018-04

Improved Design and Lifetime Analysis of a Hydraulic Pump Shaft Tail Bearing

FU Zhen-yi1, CAO Jiang2, WU Mao-min1, HU Hong-lin1, ZHAI Lu-yuan1

(1. AVIC Liyuan Hydraulic Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550018, China;

2. The Air Force's Equipment Department of Military Representative Third Office Stationed at Guiyang District, Guiyang 550009, China)

Abstract: In this paper, according to the failure of the shaft tail bearing of an aviation hydraulic pump, ansys is used to analyze and optimize the bearing. The life of the bearing under different axial force and radial force load is compared and calurlated according to different working conditions, the test results show that the service lifetime of the improved bearing is greatly improved.

Key words: hydraulic pump；bearings；lifetime；design

碳酸钠溶液泵机械密封的改进与设计

解士杰

Improvement and Design of Mechanical Seal for Sodium Carbonate Solution Pump

XIE Shi-jie

（丹东波纹管密封有限公司，辽宁东港118300）

摘要：该文通过用户提供的需求，根据泵腔重新设计一款新式机械密封，并对其进行改进，使其符合现场使用要求。达到预期效果，目前现场使用情况满意。

关键词：机械密封；设计；改进

中图分类号：TB42文献标志码：B文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0021-03

一种涡轮式气启动马达的出厂试验研究

基于AMESim和Simulink的连铸拉

矫机下压力模拟与分析

尹言利，卞大鹏，张林

（江苏永钢集团有限公司，江苏张家港215628）

摘要： 该文应用AMESim软件和Simulink软件构建了连铸机拉矫机液压系统的仿真模型，AMESim可以对液压系统进行方便的建模及仿真，Simulink在控制方面具有强大的数学算法和矩阵处理功能，通过设定Simulink软件的AMESim专用接口搭建仿真平台，实现两个软件的联合仿真，两个软件的优势得到了互补，其仿真结果更真实，对现场设备改进具有重要的指导意义，缩短现场设备的改进时间，节省人力物力。

关键词： 连铸拉矫机；下压力；模拟；分析

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0027-04

Simulation and Analysis on Downward Pressure of Continuous Casting Tension

Leveler Based on AMESim and Simulink

YIN Yan-li, BIAN Da-peng, ZHANG Lin

（Jiangsu Yonggang Group Co., Ltd., Zhangjiagang215628, China）

Abstract: Application and Simulink software AMESim software, this paper builds casting machine hydraulic system, a simulation model of AMESim can convenient modeling and simulation of hydraulic system, Simulink in the aspect of control is a powerful mathematical algorithm and matrix processing functions, by setting the Simulink software AMESim dedicated interface build simulation platform, realize the combination of the two software simulation, two software advantages complementary, to pull machine hydraulic system simulation results more representative.

Key words: continuous casting tension leveler； downward pressure； simulation； analysis

时效处理对动密封3J21合金性能的影响

唐江，滕海山，蒋意，林钰，杨先

(中航力源液压股份有限公司,贵州贵阳550018)

摘要：该文以常用动密封材料3J21合金作为研究对象，探究时效处理对其性能的影响。拉伸和疲劳振动试验测试结果表明：在时效温度400℃～640℃内，3J21合金的抗拉强度和疲劳极限随温度的增大先逐渐增大, 到550℃达到最大值，随后逐渐降低；延伸率呈大致相反的变化规律。550℃时效合金强化效果最好，强度高而塑性稳定，疲劳极限达到最大值，约5.76×105次。金相组织观察表明：时效过程中析出的强化相及产生的回复效应是造成上述结果的主要原因。振动疲劳试验中，3J21合金疲劳试样的高度和弹力值随时间的增加逐渐降低，振动初期变化较快，该变化规律对于航空液压泵动密封结构中间隙尺寸及公差的设计具有重要的参考价值。

关键词：动密封材料；3J21合金；时效处理；影响

中图分类号：TH137;TB42;TG166.7文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0031-03

Effects of Aging Treatment on the Property of Dynamic Seal Material 3J21 Alloy

TANG Jiang, TENG Hai-shan, JIANG Yi, LIN Yu, YANG Xian

(AVIC Liyuan Hydraulic Co., Ltd., Guiyang550018, China)

Abstract: In this paper, the effects of aging treatment on the properties of the 3J21 alloy have been studied. The results of the tensile strength and fatigue limit increase with the increase of the temperature and to be the maximizing at 550℃, then decrease gradually, the elongation varies in roughly opposite. There are high strength and plastic stability at 550℃ and achieve the best fatigue limit（about 5.76×105）. The microstructure indicates the precipitation phases and recovery effects are the main causes of the phenomenon. In the vibration fatigue experiment, the height and elastic of the 3J21 alloy decrease gradually, especially at the beginning of the vibration and the change rule has important reference value for the design of clearance size tolerance in the dynamic sealing structure of the aviation hydraulic pump.

Key words: dynamic seal material；3J21 alloy；aging treatment；effects

流体力学小专题研讨教学法在过程考核中的作用

米智楠¹，杨群慧^2，3，吴正伟^2,3，王振峰³，金璐³

（1.同济大学机械与能源工程学院，上海200092；2.同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室，上海200092；3.同济大学国家海底科学观测系统项目办公室，上海200092）

摘要：小专题研讨教学法是过程考核的主要手段之一。文中从流体力学绪论、静力学、动力学等方面，对小专题方案进行了设计，给出了与流体力学教学内容相对应的小专题设计实例及其应用范围。学生采用分组方式，在课堂上展示解决问题的方法和过程，并接受质疑。小专题研讨教学法的实施，可强化学生的主体意识，激发学习兴趣，鼓励学生自主思考，积极参与教学活动，以促进学习效果和应用能力的提升。

关键词：专题研讨；流体力学；教学方法；过程考核

中图分类号：TH137；TH138文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0033-03

The Role of Fluid-mechanics Seminars on Process Assessment

MI Zhi-nan¹, YANG Qun-hui^2,3, WU Zheng-wei^2,3, WANG Zhen-feng³, JIN Lu³

(1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai200092, China;

2. State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai200092, China;

3. China National Scientific Seafloor Observatory Project Office, Tongji University, Shanghai200092, China）

Abstract: Seminars is an important means of process assessment. Design rules of seminars and selection of actual examples are introduced and discussed. A design scheme, including introduction, hydrostatics, dynamics, and so on, is presented. The implementation of seminars can improve the teaching effect of active studying, ability of independent analysis and solving problems. The interest of students in fluid mechanics can be aroused by the seminars.

Key words: seminar； fluid mechanics； teaching way； process assessment

一回路主循环钠泵机械密封

热流耦合分析

谷继品¹，陈侃²，刘伟²，张君凯²，李志山²，叶庆²，任何冰²

(1.中国原子能科学研究院，北京102413；2.中密控股股份有限公司，四川成都610045)

摘要：为了设计、优化钠泵机械密封性能，以满足各种工况需求，首先回顾了钠泵机械密封的应用环境及工况条件。提出对钠泵机械密封摩擦副开展流固热耦合分析，以便预测钠泵机械密封在运转过程中的性能表现，指导钠泵机械密封设计和结构优化。然后，开展了基于共轭传热的内循环流场和温度场分析，对钠泵的冷却系统提供了参考。温度场计算分析结果表明方案设计能满足密封长期运行过程中总体热量输入输出达到平衡，能够满足温度控制要求。同时，检验了泵送结构能否有效带走端面热量并与外部冷却水进行热交换。以断水3 min及72 h为例，通过产品在恶劣工况下的运行形态，分析其危险结构部分，以便指导工作人员安全操作及注意事项。结果表明钠泵机械密封发热功率为6472 W，正常工况和断水工况的最高温度均能在材料耐受范围内达到平衡。

关键词：核电站；钠冷快堆；机械密封；冷却剂循环泵密封

中图分类号：TB42；TH136文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0036-07

The Application of SFR Circulating Pump Mechanical Seal Based on Thermal-Hydro

Dynamic-Solid Coupling Analysis Method

GU Ji-pin¹, CHEN Kan², LIU  Wei², ZHANG Jun-kai², LI Zhi-shan², YE Qing², REN He-bing²

（1. China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing102413, China;

2. SinoSeal Holding Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610045, China)

Abstract: In order to design and optimize the performance of the sodium pump mechanical seal to meet the requirements of various working conditions, the application environment and working conditions of the sodium pump mechanical seal were reviewed first. A TFS (Thermal Hydro-dynamic Structure) coupling analysis of the seal faces pair of a sodium pump mechanical seal is proposed to predict the seal performance during operation and guide the design and structural optimization of the sodium pump mechanical seal. Then, the internal circulation flow field and temperature field analysis based on conjugate heat transfer were carried out, which provided a reference for the cooling system of sodium pump. The temperature field calculation and analysis results show that the scheme design can meet the overall heat input and output balance in the long-term operation of the seal, and can meet the temperature control requirements. At the same time, it was tested whether the pumping structure can effectively remove the end face heat and conduct heat exchange with external quench. Taking the water cut off for 3min and 72h as examples, the key structure parts of the seal were analyzed assume they were subjected to working conditions, in order to guide the staff in safe operation and precautions. The results show that the heat generation power of the seal is 6472W, and the maximum temperature under normal working conditions and water-breaking working conditions can reach equilibrium within the material thermal endurable range.

Key words: nuclear power plant; SFR; mechanical seal; reactor coolant pump seal

VOCs管控下的垫片检漏方法的比对

林剑红,武跃维,徐丹丹,柴立民

（宁波易天地信远密封技术有限公司，浙江宁波315021）

摘要： VOCs作为环保管控防制的重点，国内外出台了多个法规、标准对法兰联接的泄漏量(泄漏率)做了具体的规定。但不同法规、标准的检漏方式及泄漏率单位各不相同，在实际执行过程中有一定的困惑。该文针对泄漏测试方法以及泄漏率单位间的换算比对进行了探讨,并对日常操作提出了建议。

关键词： VOCs；检漏方法；泄漏率；比对

中图分类号：TB42文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0042-04

Comparison of Leakage Testing Method for Flanged Gasket with VOCs Control

LIN Jian-hong, WU Yue-wei, XU Dan-dan, CHAI Li-min

（Ningbo IDT SINYUAN Sealing Technology Co., Ltd., Ningbo315021, China）

Abstract: VOCs control is critical for the environmental protection. Many law, regulations and standards are issued worldwide. The tightness is specified. Due to the different testing method and related leakage unit, people are confused to follow. This paper compares the leakage testing method and unit, and submit some conclusions.

Key words: VOCs; leakage testing method; leakage rate unit; comparison

电液伺服液压执行机构高精度位置伺服控制研究

陈祥芬

（咸阳职业技术学院机电学院，陕西咸阳712000）

摘要：鉴于电液伺服阀控机构在液压控制系统的重要性，其位置伺服系统动态复杂多变，传统的PID位置伺服控制算法无法满足控制要求，该文以液压阀控缸执行机构为例，提出了一种基于鲁棒滑模控制算法，提高了传统液压缸执行机构位置精度，使得系统具有较强的抗干扰能力。首先，对液压执行机构组成结构和系统原理进行阐述；然后根据原理图建立执行机构理论数学模型，并设计了鲁棒滑模控制器 (SMC)；最后，搭建液压执行机构实验平台，将滑模控制算法和传统PID控制算法进行位置控制实验，对比分析两者位置伺服控制响应速度和控制精度，实验结果表明本文设计的滑模控制算法的正确性和有效性，为今后液压执行机构位置控制上提供参考。

关键词：电液伺服；液压执行机构；高精度；位置伺服控制；研究

中图分类号：TH137;TH136文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0045-05

Research on High Precision Position Servo Control for Electro-hydraulic

Servo Hydraulic Actuator

CHEN Xiang-fen

(Xianyang Vocational Technical College, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,

Xianyang712000, China)

Abstract: In view of the importance of the electro-hydraulic servo valve control mechanism in the hydraulic control system, its position servo system is dynamic and complex, and the traditional PID position servo control algorithm can't meet the control requirements. In this paper, taking the hydraulic valve control cylinder actuator as an example, a robust sliding mode control algorithm is proposed, which improves the position accuracy of the traditional hydraulic cylinder actuator, and makes the system have strong dry resistance Disturbing ability. Firstly, the structure and system principle of the hydraulic actuator are described; then, the theoretical mathematical model of the actuator is established according to the schematic diagram, and the robust sliding mode controller is designed; finally, the experimental platform of the hydraulic actuator is built, and the sliding mode control algorithm and the traditional PID control algorithm are used in the position control experiment, and the response speed and control precision of the two position servo control are compared and analyzed The experimental results show that the sliding mode control algorithm designed in this paper is correct and effective, which provides reference for the position control of hydraulic actuator in the future.

Key words: electro-hydraulic servo； hydraulic actuator； high precision； position servo control； research

油气混输泵测试系统调压装置分析和优化

胡奕^1,2，汪旭辉^1,2，黄文¹

（1.黄山工业泵制造有限公司，安徽黄山245021； 2.安徽省螺杆泵工程技术研究中心，安徽黄山245021）

摘要：通过对主流油气混输泵测试系统调压装置的深入分析，提出现有调压装置存在的问题。通过对比多个解决方案，提出一种用于油气混输泵测试系统调压装置的优化设计方案，从设计思路和设计方案两个方面阐述了整个系统的原理和功能。该调压装置能够解决目前油气混输泵测试系统在高含气率下稳定调压问题，从而实现对油气混输泵全性能测试的目的。

关键词：油气混输泵；测试系统；调压装置；分析；优化

中图分类号：TH137;TH138文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0050-04

Analysis and Optimization of Test System Pressure Regulating Device for

Oil-gas Multiphase Pump

HU Yi1,2, WANG Xu-hui1,2, HUANG Wen1

(1. Huangshan Rsp Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Huangshan245021, China;

2. Screw Pump Engineering Research Center of Anhui Province, Huangshan245021, China)

Abstract: This paper solves the problem of unstable pressure control in test system of oil-gas multiphase pump, especially at high gas volume fractions. Though the analysis of different test system existing in the industry, a new solution is proposed. The principle and function of the new solution are analyzed from two aspects of design idea and design scheme. This solution can satisfy all the performance test of Oil-gas Multiphase Pump and solve the problem of pressure regulating at high gas volume fractions.

Key words: oil-gas multiphase pump；test system；pressure regulating device；analysis； optimization

25MW汽轮发电机运行中负荷下降原因

分析及处理过程

郝彦光

Analysis and Treatment Process of Load Drop During Operation for 25MW Turbogenerator

HAO Yan-guang

（首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司能环部，河北唐山063200）

摘要：该文介绍了25MW汽轮发电机运行中发生负荷下降的现像，阐述了该汽轮机调阀的工作原理，分析了负荷下降的原因，提出了相应的解决办法以及预防措施。

关键词：调阀；电液压转换器；二次油压；电位计；特性曲线

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：B文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0053-04

气动系统用离心式压缩机失速与喘振故障的诊断研究

姚晓燕，屈世栋，蔡国娟，冯世杰，山崧，刘洋

（中国石油化工股份有限公司天津分公司，天津300271）

摘要：在分析离心式压缩机失速与喘振产生机理的基础上，以某工厂离心式压缩机为试验对象，在叶轮进出口、叶轮通道内部等位置布设压力测点，实时记录压缩机由稳定工况进到喘振状态过程中各测点的压力实时信号，分别采用信号时域、标准差与混沌特性指标对这些信号进行分析。试验结果表明，利用混沌特性分析方法能够较好的对时域信号分析方法与标准差分析方法进行补充，从而更精确地诊断出离心式压缩机发生失速与喘振的时间与位置。

关键词：离心式压缩机；气动系统；失速；喘振；诊断；混沌特性

中图分类号：TH138文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0056-05

Diagnosis on Stall and Surge Failure of Centrifugal Compressor for Pneumatic System

YAO Xiao-yan, QU Shi-dong, CAI Guo-juan, FENG Shi-jie, SHAN Song, LIU Yang

（Tianjin Branch Company, SINOPEC, Tianjin300271, China）

Abstract: Based on the analysis of the stall and surge mechanism of the centrifugal compressor, taking a factory centrifugal compressor as a test object, set pressure measuring points at the inlet and outlet of impeller, inside of impeller channel and inlet of diffuser, use the dynamic pressure sensor to record the real-time pressure signals of the measuring points in the whole process of the compressor from the stable working condition to the surge condition, the signal time domain, standard deviation and chaos characteristics are used to analyze these signals. The test results show that the chaotic analysis method can better complement the time domain signal analysis method and the standard deviation analysis method, thereby more accurately diagnosing the time and location of the stall and surge of the centrifugal compressor.

Key words: centrifugal compressor; pneumatic system; stall; surge; diagnosis; chaos characteristics

电液伺服阀零位调试方法

周宣，张俊杰，刘茂林，姬腾，安懿

（北京精密机电控制设备研究所，北京100076）

摘要：该文通过介绍电液伺服阀的结构和工作原理，重点说明了三个零位和其调试方法。并阐述了零位调试的注意事项和零位问题的故障处理方法。

关键词：电液伺服阀；零位；调试方法；故障处理方法

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0061-04

The Zero Position Debug Method of Electro-hydraulic Servo Valve

ZHOU Xuan, ZHANG Jun-jie, LIU Mao-lin, JI Teng, AN Yi

(Beijing Research Institute of Precise Mechatronics and Controls， Beijing100076, China)

Abstract: Structure and working principle of electro-hydraulic servo valve is introduced in this paper, especially explain three zero positions and their debug method, introduce some matters need attention of zero position debug, and expound judgment methods of zero problem.

Key words: electro-hydraulic servo valve; zero position; debug method; judge method

某升降机构位移差超差问题分析与改进

付曙光¹，任德新²，李一¹，于亮¹

（1.北京航天发射技术研究所，北京100076；2.火箭军装备部项目管理中心，北京100085）

摘要：针对某升降机构在下降过程中出现的位移差超差问题，进行了原因分析，定位于升降机构下降过程中，蓄能器放油导致两个升降缸不同步，造成位移差超出限定值。针对这一问题，提出了改进措施，并采用AMESim软件进行了仿真验证，通过产品试验进行了实物验证。试验结果表明，改进措施有效，效果良好。

关键词：升降机构；位移差；分析；改进

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0064-04

Analysis and Improvement of the Displacement Difference for a Lifting Mechanism

FU Shu-guang¹, REN De-xin², LI Yi¹, YU Liang¹

(1. Beijing Institute of Space Launch Technology, Beijing100076, China;

2. Project Management Center of PLA Rocket Force Equipment Department, Beijing100085, China)

Abstract: Aimed at the displacement difference out-of-tolerance in the descending process of a lifting mechanism, the causes are analyzed. The two lifting cylinders are out of synchronization because of oil discharge of the accumulator during the descending process, which cause the displacement difference to exceed the limit value. In order to solve this problem, an improvement measure was proposed. Simulation verification was carried out using AMESim and physical verification was carried out through product tests. The results show that the improvement measure is effective.

Key words: lifting mechanism；displacement difference；analysis；improvement

液压齿轮泵主动轴断裂原因分析

杨旭伟，张强，赵龙，李鹏博

（徐州徐工液压件有限公司，江苏徐州221004）

摘要：针对齿轮泵主动轴断裂导致液压系统无压力的故障，进行了校核计算和拆检分析，总结出了导致齿轮泵主动轴断裂的主要原因,对该类产品的加工制造和使用提供一定的参考。

关键词：齿轮泵；主动轴；断裂；分析

中图分类号：TH137;TH213.3文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0068-03

Analysis of the Fracture for a Gear Pump Drive Shaft

YANG Xu-wei, ZHANG Qiang, ZHAO Long, LI Peng-bo

（Xuzhou Xugong Hydraulic Component Co., Ltd., Xuzhou221004, China）

Abstract: The fracture of a gear pump drive shaft resulted in the hydraulic system without pressure, this paper has carried out the check calculation and disassembly analysis, and summarized the main causes of the fracture of the gear pump drive shaft, and the research supplies reference for the processing, manufacturing and use of the same kind products.

Key words: gear pump；drive shaft；fracture；analysis

基于PLC的镀前偏心五槽气压自动清洗机

的结构设计与控制

罗继军

Structure Design and Control of Pneumatic Automatic Washing Machine with

Five Eccentric Slots Used before Plating Based on PLC

LUO Ji-jun

（陕西国防工业职业技术学院电子信息学院，陕西西安710300）

摘要：电镀是现代工业生产中非常重要的工艺环节，而电镀前，工件在机械加工过程中所残留的油污、油垢会影响到镀层的结合强度，因此镀前清洗具有极其重要的作用。该文通过设计一种镀前偏心五槽全自动清洗机，实现镀前清洗过程的自动化控制，具有自动化程度高、清洗质量高，相比人工清洗时间更加容易把控，过程更加科学规范，不同的清洗剂之间不会相互影响，具有良好的社会应用价值。

关键词：气动；自动化清洗机；设计；控制

中图分类号：TH138; TP23文献标志码：B文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0070-03

一种高压电磁阀密封结构优化

侯云，李志鹏，吴盈志

A High Pressure Electromagnetic Valve Seal Structure Optimization

HOU Yun, LI Zhi-peng, WU Ying-zhi

（河南航天工业总公司，河南郑州451191）

摘要：某型号电磁阀放气时间异常，分解后发现主阀滚压收口处塑料密封面被打出，主阀开启后流通面积变小，放气时间变长。该文主要针对该问题进行了原因分析，并进行了相应的结构优化，有效地解决了该问题，提高了产品寿命。

关键词：电磁阀；放气时间异常；结构优化；产品寿命

中图分类号：TH138；TB42文献标志码：B文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0073-02

平地机工作装置保护系统设计

苗国华，刘淑强，王永，马承钊

Design of Working Device Protective System for Motor Grader

MIAO Guo-hua， LIU Shu-qiang, WANG Yong, MA Cheng-zhao

（山东临工工程机械有限公司，山东临沂276023）

摘要：该文提出一种平地机工作装置保护液压系统方案，详细阐述了工作装置实现普通、浮动、预加载及过载保护等工作模式的原理。基于某型号工作装置性能参数要求确定其液压元件型号和液压系统控制逻辑，并分析了其工作特性，为平地机工作装置保护系统的设计提供设计参考。

关键词：工作装置；保护液压；浮动；预加载

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：B文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0074-04

卸料车分时分区润滑系统设计

吕晓林

（太原重工股份有限公司技术中心，山西太原030024）

摘要：卸料车作业环境恶劣，各运动副需定时合理的补充润滑脂，避免各运动副金属接触；现有卸料车各运动副存在不同程度的过量润滑，特计算了各运动副耗脂量及润滑脂最低粘度，为各运动副润滑脂选型和补脂量提供依据，同时根据卸料车各机构运动副的不同工作制度及区域分布，对卸料车各机构采用不同的润滑方式，设计了分时分区域润滑系统，从而实现对卸料车各机构运动副合理润滑，以保证各机构能够长效工作。

关键词：卸料车；运动副；耗脂量；最低粘度；分时分区润滑系统

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0078-04

The Design of Sectional Lubrication System for Tripper Car

LV Xiao-lin

(Taiyuan Heavy Machinery Technology Genter, Taiyuan030024, China)

Abstract: The working environment of the tripper car is terrible. Each kinematic pairs should be properly lubricated at regular intervals to avoid the metal contact of each kinematic pairs: There are different degrees of excessive lubrication in each kinematic pairs of the tripper car. The grease consumption of each kinematic pairs and the minimum viscosity of the grease are calculated. It provides the basis for the selection of lubricating grease and filling amount of each kinematic pairs. At the same time according to the tripper car movement of the different working schedule and local distribution. Different lubrication methods are adopted for each mechanism of the tripper car. Thus, the sectional lubrication of the kinematic pairs of the tripper car can be realized to ensure that each mechanism can work with high efficiency and long life.

Key words: tripper car；kinematic pairs；grease consumption；minimum kinematic viscosity；sectional lubrication system

铁钻工故障诊断系统的设计与应用

梁顺安^1,2，李汶东³，张强^1,2，李洪波^1,2 ，李爱利^1,2

（1.宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司，陕西宝鸡721002；2.国家油气钻井装备工程技术研究中心，陕西宝鸡721002；3.西部钻探工程有限公司巴州分公司，新疆库尔勒841000）

摘要：为了解决油田现场出现的铁钻工故障排除困难、影响生产效率的问题，设计开发了铁钻工故障诊断系统。在对铁钻工工作原理和液压系统分析的基础上，通过建立铁钻工液压系统故障树，对铁钻工故障进行定性分析，利用VB程序语言和Access数据库技术，设计完成一套具备故障推理能力，以诊断知识库为核心的铁钻工故障诊断系统。通过现场工程实例验证，该系统能帮助现场操作人员快速排除铁钻工在工作过程中出现的故障，缩短故障排除时间，提高故障诊断准确率，具有较高的推广应用价值。铁钻工故障诊断系统既可以作为一个独立的故障诊断系统使用，又可以作为一个单设备故障诊断模块集成到整套钻机的故障诊断系统中。

关键词：铁钻工；故障诊断；设计；应用

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0081-05

Design and Application of Fault Diagnosis System for Iron Roughneck

LIANG Shun-an^1,2, LI Wen-dong³, ZHANG Qiang^1,2, LI Hong-bo^1,2, LI Ai-li^1,2

(1. Baoji Oilfield Machinery Co., Ltd., Baoji721002,China;

2. National Oil and Gas Drilling Equipment Research Center, Baoji721002, China;

3. Bazhou Branch of Western Drilling Engineering Co., Ltd., Korla841000, China)

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of difficult troubleshooting and affecting production efficiency, a fault diagnosis system of iron roughneck is designed and developed. Based on the analysis of working principle and hydraulic system of iron roughneck, the paper establishes the fault tree of the iron roughneck hydraulic system, conducts the qualitative analysis of the fault of iron roughneck, and designs fault diagnosis system of iron roughneck with fault reasoning ability based on VB programming language and Access database technology. Through the engineering example, the system can help the field operators to quickly eliminate iron roughneck in the working process of the fault, shorten the time of troubleshooting, improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis, has extensive application value.The fault diagnosis system of iron roughneck can be used as an independent fault diagnosis system, and can also be intergrated into the fault diagnosis system of the whole rig as a single equipment ault diagnosis module.

Key words: iron roughneck；fault diagnosis；design; application

某型多路阀阀体结构优化设计

陈桂芳¹，聂雄¹，龚俊²

（1.山河智能装备股份有限公司，湖南长沙410100；

2.湖南科技大学机电工程学院，湖南湘潭411100）

摘要：以铸造流道均匀壁厚设计的方法，对多路阀阀体结构进行优化设计，使得多路阀阀体质量减轻20%，结构上也更有利于铸造和加工工艺性。通过对阀体受力进行有限元分析，保证了多路阀结构优化后的可靠性，通过铸造模拟分析，保证了结构优化后的阀体无铸造缺陷产生。

关键词：多路阀；阀体；结构优化；设计

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0086-03

Valve Body Structural Optimization Design of a Multi-way Valve

CHEN Gui-fang¹，NIE Xiong¹，GONG Jun²

（1. Sunward Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd., Changsha410100, China；

2. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan411100, China）

Abstract: The structure of multi way valve body is optimized by the method of uniform wall thickness design of casting flow passage, which can reduce the weight of multi way valve body by 20%, and the structure will be more conducive to casting and machining. Through the finite element analysis of valve body stress, the reliability of multi way valve structure after optimization is guaranteed, and through the casting simulation analysis, the valve body after structure optimization is guaranteed to have no casting defects.

Key words: multi-way valve；valve body；structural optimization；design

液压挖掘机斗杆再生结构研究

巩秀江

（山东中川液压有限公司,山东临沂276715）

摘要：通过对现在市场主流液压元件的斗杆再生结构的研究，阐述了斗杆再生的结构及工作原理。斗杆再生是在挖掘机斗杆油缸回收时，将因工作装置势能影响下产生的斗杆油缸小腔的高压液压油再生到斗杆油缸大腔的一项技术，该技术的难点在于再生流量多少的控制及斗杆复合动作时的协调性。通过对不同斗杆再生结构的性能对比分析，并通过对挖掘机的测试验证，总结了不同再生结构的优缺点。斗杆再生技术可以回收能量，极大的提高了挖掘机的工作效率，并降低挖掘机能耗。

关键词：液压；挖掘机；斗杆再生结构；研究

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0089-04

Research on the Arm Regeneration Structure of Hydraulic Excavator

GONG Xiu-jiang

(Shandong Nakagawa Hydraulics Co., Ltd., Linyi276715, China)

Abstract: Based on the research on the arm regeneration of the current popular hydraulic elements in the market, explain the working structure and principle of the arm regeneration. Arm regeneration is a technology that when excavator take back the arm, regenerate the high pressure hydraulic oil produced by equipment working potential energy in the arm cylinder rod to the arm cylinder head. The difficulty of the arm regeneration is to control the regeneration flow and coordinate the arm compound action. According to compare and analyze different arm regeneration structures, and verify the testing on the excavator, summarize the advantage and weakness of different regeneration structures. Arm regeneration can recover energy, greatly improve the working efficiency of the excavator, and reduce the energy consumption of the excavator.

Key words: hydraulic；excavator；arm regeneration structure；research

工程机械液压缸活塞杆拉伤故障分析及修复方法

陈登民¹，李永奇¹，李小明¹，吉晨²，汤宝石¹

（1.徐州徐工液压件有限公司，江苏徐州221004；2.山东大学，山东青岛266237）

摘要：液压缸是工程机械的执行元件，其活塞杆拉伤是常见的故障，轻微的导致液压缸漏油，严重的导致密封损伤或整机停机。该文对工程机械液压缸活塞杆拉伤故障进行分析，提出了活塞杆拉伤的分等分级及修复方案，对快速修复活塞杆拉伤故障和提高液压缸使用寿命具有一定的指导作用。

关键词：液压缸；活塞杆；拉伤；故障分析；修复方法

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0092-02

Failure Analysis and Repair Method of Piston Rod Pulling for Construction

Machinery Hydraulic Cylinder

CHEN Deng-min¹, LI Yong-qi¹, LI Xiao-ming¹, JI Chen², TANG Bao-shi¹

（1. Xuzhou XCMG Hydraulics Co., Ltd., Xuzhou221004, China;  2. Shandong University, Qingdao266237, China）

Abstract: Hydraulic cylinder is the executive component of construction machinery, its piston rod pull is a common fault, slightly lead to hydraulic cylinder oil leakage, serious lead to seal damage or shutdown. In this paper, the pulling failure of piston rod in hydraulic cylinder of construction machinery is analyzed, and the grading and repairing scheme of the pulling failure of piston rod is put forward.

Key words: hydraulic cylinder； piston rod； pulling； failure analysis； repair method

一种工程机械液压油快速升温设计方案及应用

唐涛，罗成发，董必成，李文新，刘兴鑫

（广西柳工机械股份有限公司，广西柳州545007）

摘要：针对现有工程机械液压系统手动暖机操作复杂且时间长的问题，该文设计了一种液压油快速升温的自动暖机系统，主要利用整机控制系统使液压油在液压系统内部处于高功率的溢流发热状态，快速提高液压油温度。通过25吨级液压挖掘机应用及测试表明，该系统可在无执行元件动作的情况下实现液压油自动暖机功能，且液压油温升时间相对手动憋压升温大幅缩短，可轻松实现低温地区工程机械液压油快速升温的暖机工作。

关键词：工程机械；液压油；快速升温；设计方案

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）07-0094-03

A Design Scheme and Application of Hydraulic Oil Rapid Warming for

Construction Machinery

TANG Tao, LUO Cheng-fa, DONG Bi-cheng, LI Wen-xin, LIU Xing-xin

(Guangxi Liugong Machinery Co., Ltd., Liuzhou545007, China)

Abstract: Aiming at the problem of hydraulic system manual warm-up need complicate operation and long time on construction machinery, a new automatic warm-up system of the hydraulic oil warming rapidly is proposed in this paper, which mainly use the machine control system to make the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic system in a circulation state of overflow and heating with high power, and rapidly increase the hydraulic oil temperature. Through the application and testing on 25-ton hydraulic excavator, it is shown that the system can realize the function of hydraulic oil automatic warm-up without any executing components action, and the temperature rise time of hydraulic oil is greatly shortened compared with manual warm-up, which can easily realize the hydraulic oil warm-up of construction machinery in low temperature area.

Key words: construction machinery；hydraulic oil；rapid warming；design scheme