菱形压电驱动器对称驱动形式的研究

曾亿山¹，郝云锋¹，陈建¹，闵玉春²，娄文浩¹，高文智¹

（1.合肥工业大学机械工程学院，安徽合肥230009；

2.安徽博一流体传动股份有限公司，安徽合肥230031）

摘要：为了提高压电堆栈的位移输出，该文设计了一种菱形压电驱动器。该机构以压电堆栈作为驱动元件，利用菱形位移放大器放大叠层压电陶瓷的输出位移。该文首先对三角放大原理进行了分析，接着对菱形压电驱动器在一端固定一端驱动负载和两端同时对称驱动负载两种不同的约束方式进行了理论分析，然后利用ANSYS软件对菱形压电驱动器的静、动态特性进行了有限元分析。通过分析结果可以得出，该机构的仿真放大倍数为6.17，接近于机构的理论放大倍数7.12，而对称驱动下的工作频率可远远高于一端驱动下的工作频率，并对该结果进行了进一步的分析与讨论。

关键词： 菱形位移放大机构；压电堆栈；对称驱动；研究

中图分类号：TH137；TH323文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0001-04

Research on Symmetric Operating Mode of Rhombic Piezoelectric Actuator

ZENG Yi-shan¹, HAO Yun-feng¹, CHEN Jian¹,

MIN Yu-chun², LOU Wen-hao¹, GAO Wen-zhi¹

(1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China;

2. Anhui Boyi Fluid Power Transmission Joint Stock Co., Ltd., Hefei230031, China)

Abstract:  A rhombic piezoelectric actuator is designed in order to improve the output displacement of piezoelectric stack. This mechanism uses a piezoelectric stack as the driving element and a rhombic displacement amplifier to amplify the output displacement of the laminated piezoelectric ceramics. The principle of triangle amplification is firstly analyzed. Then theoretical analyses of the rhombic piezoelectric actuator are carried out under fixed-vibrating constraint and symmetric constraint. The static and dynamic characteristics of the rhombic piezoelectric actuator are analyzed by ANSYS software. The magnification ratio of the mechanism is 6.17, which is close to the theoretical value of 7.12. The operating frequency under symmetric driving mode is much higher than that under fixed-driving mode which is further analyzed and discussed in the paper.

Key words: rhombic displacement amplifier; piezoelectric stack; symmetric drive; research

伺服阀阀芯防转动结构分析及设计

何汉林

（穆格控制系统（上海）有限公司，上海200120）

摘要：文章从流道结构分析了伺服阀阀芯在工作时旋转的原因，并结合目前市场上主流型号的伺服阀，归纳总结了其防止阀芯转动的设计方法，为伺服阀设计提供了指导。

关键词： 伺服阀；阀芯；转动；设计

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0004-03

Analysis and Design of Anti-rotation Structure for Servo Valve Spool

HE Han-lin

(MOOG Control System (Shanghai) Ltd., Shanghai200120, China)

Abstract: This paper analyses the reason of servo valve spool rotation from the structure of flow channel, and summarizes the design method of preventing the spool rotation with the current mainstream type in the market, which provides guidance for the design of servo valve.

Key words: servo valve; spool; rotation; design

螺旋槽干气密封仿真计算网格高质高效划分方法

胡琼^1，2，张子繁¹，王衍¹，王晨屹¹，徐维聪³

（1.江苏海洋大学机械与海洋工程学院，江苏连云港222005；

2.连云港铱铭密封科技有限公司，江苏连云港222000；

3.江苏大学能源与动力工程学院，江苏镇江212421）

摘要： 该文以螺旋槽干气密封为研究对象，借助Gambit软件进行网格划分及实现网格数量的渐次变化，进而分析网格尺寸规格和薄膜层数层在仿真计算中对模拟结果的影响。结果表明：在通过调整规格和层驱动网格数变化过程中，当层达到6后，泄漏量相对变化率β<5%，开启力的相对变化率η<0.2%，开启力和泄漏量均趋于稳定；在层=6，规格=0.05~1 mm时，开启力随规格增加变化较小，泄漏量均未超出标准允许范围；综合考虑计算的准确性和效率，层数取6，规格取0.3~0.6 mm为宜。

关键词：干气密封；数值模拟；高效；网格划分；无关性检验

中图分类号：TB42;TH117文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0007-04

High Quality and Efficient Mesh Generation Method for Simulation of

Spiral Groove Dry Gas Seal

HU Qiong^1,2, ZHANG Zi-fan¹, WANG Yan¹, WANG Chen-yi¹, XU Wei-cong³

（1. Mechanical and Marine Engineering School, Jiangsu Ocean University, Liangyungang222005, China;

2. Lianyungang Yiming Seal Technology Co., Ltd., Lianyungang222000, China;

3. School of Energy and Power Eng., Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang212421, China）

Abstract: This paper takes spiral groove dry gas seal as the research object. Gambit software is applied to generate mesh and realize gradual change of mesh number, and then the influence of mesh size and film layer on simulation results is analyzed. The results show that in the process of driving mesh number to change by adjusting the size and layer, when the layer number reaches 6, the relative change rate of leakage in the whole process is less than 5%, the change rate of opening force is less than 0.2%, and the opening force and leakage tend to be stable; when the layer number is 6 and the size is 0.05~1 mm, the opening force varies little with the increase of size, and the leakage meets the standard; considering the correctness and efficient of calculation, layer number of 6 and the size of 0.3~0.6 mm is appropriate.

Key words: dry gas seal; numerical simulation; efficient; mesh generation; independence test

基于ANSYS的O形密封圈可靠性分析及软件开发

刘朋¹,郑圆圆¹,汤宝石¹,崔德军²,袁晓明²

（1.徐州徐工液压件有限公司,江苏徐州221004；

2.燕山大学河北省重型机械流体动力传输与控制重点实验室，河北秦皇岛066004）

摘要：考虑随机不确定性因素的影响，对某型号O形密封圈进行可靠性分析。通过ANSYS参数化语言APDL建立O形密封圈参数化模型，根据应力-强度干涉模型及密封圈的工作特点建立其可靠性模型。假设密封圈的几何参数、载荷及屈曲强度为服从正态分布的随机变量，运用ANSYS的概率设计系统PDS对密封圈进行可靠性计算。利用VB6.0将ANSYS的APDL代码进行了封装，编写了O形密封圈的可靠性分析软件。该项研究可为液压元件的可靠性计算与专用软件开发提供借鉴意义。

关键词： O形密封圈；可靠性；灵敏度；软件开发

中图分类号：TB42文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0011-06

Reliability Analysis and Software Development of O-ring Based on ANSYS

LIU Peng¹, ZHENG Yuan-yuan¹, TANG Bao-shi¹, CUI De-jun², YUAN Xiao-ming²

（1. Xuzhou XCMG Hydraulics Co., Ltd., Xuzhou221004, China;

2. Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Machinery Fluid Power Transmission and Control,

Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao066004, China）

Abstract: Considering the influence of random uncertainty, the reliability analysis of a type of O-ring is carried out. The parametric model of O-ring is established by APDL, and the reliability model is established according to the stress strength interference model and the working characteristics of the seal ring. Assuming that the geometric parameters, load and buckling strength of the seal ring are random variables subject to normal distribution, the reliability of the seal ring is calculated by using the probability design system PDS of ANSYS. The APDL code of ANSYS is encapsulated by VB6.0, and the reliability analysis software of O-ring is compiled. This research can provide reference for reliability calculation of hydraulic components and development of special software.

Key words: O-ring; reliability; sensitivity; software development

煤矿用纯水介质高压大流量柱塞泵关键技术研究

李然^1,2，张启龙³，刘昊¹，周如林¹，叶健¹

（1.中国煤炭科工集团有限责任公司北京天地玛珂电液控制系统有限公司，

北京100013；

2.煤炭科学研究总院智能控制技术研究分院，北京100013;

3.国家能源集团神东高端设备研发中心，陕西神木719315）

摘要：为推动煤炭安全、高效、绿色开采的发展，加快纯水液压技术在工作面的推广应用，在分析国内外纯水液压技术的技术现状和发展趋势基础上，采用科学试验和工程应用相结合的方法，研制了国内首套纯水介质大流量柱塞泵。重点解决了5个方面的关键技术难题：即高强度抗腐耐蚀材料、纯水介质吸排液阀可靠性技术、纯水介质高压密封技术、高强度高耐磨性陶瓷柱塞技术、大流量泵阀故障诊断技术。研制的纯水介质BRW(630/40)型柱塞泵成套应用于国家能源集团神东公司锦界煤矿31408综采工作面, 应用结果表明：纯水柱塞泵在该工作面吸排液阀寿命约为2500 h，盘根密封寿命约为3000 h，满足工作面纯水液压系统对动力源的要求。

关键词： 纯水介质；柱塞泵；腐蚀；密封；气蚀；故障诊断

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0017-05

Research on Key Technologies of Plunger Pump under Pure Water Medium Condition

LI Ran^1,2，ZHANG Qi-long³，LIU Hao¹, ZHOU Ru-lin¹, YE Jian¹

(1. China Coal Technology and Engineering Group, Beijing Tiandi-Marco Electronic-Hydraulic Control

System Company Ltd., Beijing100013, China;

2. China Coal Research Institute, Intelligent Control Technology Branch, Beijing100013, China；

3. CHN Energy Shendong High-end Equipment Development Center, Shenmu719315,China)

Abstract: In order to promote the development of coal safety, high efficiency and green mining, and accelerate the promotion and application of pure water hydraulic technology in the working face, based on the analysis of the technical status and development trend of pure water hydraulic technology at home and abroad, the combination of scientific experiment and engineering application is adopted. The first set of plunger pump under pure water medium in China was developed. The key technical problems in five aspects are solved: high-strength anti-corrosion and corrosion-resistant materials, reliability technology of the suction and discharge valves under pure water medium, high-pressure sealing technology under pure water medium, high-strength and high-wear ceramic plunger technology, fault diagnosis technology for the large-flow-rate pump valves.  A full set of BRW(630/40) pure water plunger pumps was used in the 31408 working face of Jinjie Coal Mine of Shendong Company of National Energy Group. The test results show that the service life of the suction and discharge valve on the working face was about 2500 h and that for the packing seal is about 3000 h, which satisfies the requirements of the power source of the pure water hydraulic system of the working face.

Key words: pure water medium; plunger pump; corrosion; sealing; cavitation; fault diagnosis

空压机润滑油系统可靠性试验研究

张志恒，金丽琼，叶鹏，邢志胜，毛京兵

（合肥通用机械研究院有限公司压缩机技术国家重点实验室，安徽合肥230031）

摘要： 对空压机润滑系统进行分析，提出了一种润滑油压力调节机构，保证了空压机在高油温时油压正常，为空压机运动件提供充分润滑，从而提高空压机运行的可靠性。实验证明了该机构是可靠的，为空压机润滑系统设计提供了参考依据。

关键词：空压机；润滑油系统；可靠性；试验研究

中图分类号：TH137;TH457文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0022-03

Reliability Experimental Study of Air Compressor Lubricating System

ZHANG Zhi-heng, JIN Li-qiong, YE Peng, XING Zhi-sheng, MAO Jing-bing

(State Key Laboratory of Compressor Technology, Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hefei230031, China)

Abstract: Through the analysis of air compressor lubricating system, an lubricating pressure adjusting mechanism is proposed to improved the unit reliability, The test result proved that the adjusting mechanism as a reference to the lubricating system design is sufficient to meet the engineering reasonable requirements.

Key words: air compressor; lubricant system; reliability; experimental studies

关于压力容器等强度计算方法在油缸筒壁厚优化中的研究与应用

李瑞生，蒋拓，黄仲正，高名乾,李君君，林汉华

（柳州柳工液压件有限公司，广西柳州545006）

摘要：该文针对目前公司使用的油缸缸筒壁厚，按照压力等级和年需求量进行划分规格，将同一缸径筒壁厚划分成几个规格，并将规格标准化。将标准化的筒壁厚通过2P&2F、往复抽动台架试验，以及整机小批试装市场试验来验证其理论计算的正确性和可靠性，最终降低了筒的采购成本和油缸的制造成本，提高了油缸的利润空间，并为国家节省了大量原材料。

关键词： 缸筒壁厚；压力容器；计算方法；研究与应用

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0025-04

The Research and Application on the Pressure Vessel Strength Calculation Method for

Cylinder Wall Thickness Optimization

LI Rui-sheng, JIANG Tuo, HUANG Zhong-zheng, GAO Ming-qian,

LI Jun-jun, LIN Han-hua

（Liuzhou Liugong Hydraulic Components Co., Ltd., Liuzhou545006, China）

Abstract:  In this paper, the wall thickness used by the company is divided into several specifications according to the pressure grade and the annual demand. The wall thickness of the same cylinder diameter is divided into several standardized specifications. The accuracy and reliability of the theoretical calculation were verified by the 2P&2F, reciprocating pumping bench test and small-batch trial assembly market test of the whole machine. Finally, the procurement cost of the cylinder is reduced. The manufacturing cost of the cylinder is reduced. The profit space of the cylinder is improved. A lot of raw materials are saved for the country.

Key words: cylinder wall thickness; pressure vessel; calculation method; research and application

二维柱塞泵缸体配油口对称度测量机理研究

赵文亮¹，路超¹，阮健²，赵芳¹，周洪学¹

（1.河南航天液压气动技术有限公司，河南郑州451191；

2.浙江工业大学，浙江杭州310014）

摘要： 为了确定二维柱塞泵缸体配油口对称度的测量方法，基于海克斯康三坐标测量仪分别使用定义法及推荐法对缸体配油口进行测量，并对二维柱塞泵的工作原理和两种方法的测量结果及对称度测量机理进行分析。分析结果表明：定义法的对称度测量方式更符合二维液压泵的实际使用工况。

关键词： 二维柱塞泵；对称度；缸体配油口；测量机理；研究

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0029-04

Research on Cylinder Oil Distribute Gate Symmetry Measure Theory for

Two-dimensional Piston Pump

ZHAO Wen-liang¹, LU Chao¹, RUAN Jian², ZHAO Fang¹, ZHOU Hong-xue¹

(1. Henan Aerospace Hydraumatic & Air-operate Corp, Zhengzhou451191, China;

2. Zhejiang University Technology, Hangzhou310014, China)

Abstract: To certain the symmetry measure method of 2D plunger pump blocks oil distribute gate, this paper used definition method and recommend method to measure the symmetry of oil distribute gate based on Hexagon three coordinate measuring instrument. And analyzed the work theory of 2D plunger pump and the symmetry measure theory of two methods. The result of analyze says that the definition method is more conform to the situation of how 2D plunger pump worked.

Key words: two-dimensional piston pump; symmetry; cylinder oil distribute gate; measure theory; research

湿式离合器液压缸活塞密封圈改进设计及仿真分析

苏衍均

（中交华南交通建设有限公司，广东广州510290）

摘要： O形密封圈具有结构紧凑、便于安装等优势，被广泛的应用于湿式离合器。工作过程中，作动部件由静止开始做变速运动，受动静摩擦力共同作用，而关于该过程研究较少。按照国家标准对湿式离合器液压缸活塞密封圈进行设计，通过workbench建立密封圈模型，根据密封圈接触应力及等效应力云图对密封圈、活塞沟槽尺寸及材料硬度进行优化仿真。由仿真分析可知，优化后密封圈及沟槽结构尺寸更加合理，且密封圈材料IRHD硬度应在70～80之间选取。同时获得液压缸运动过程中密封圈动静摩擦力变化曲线，该曲线为湿式离合器响应时间及控制策略研究奠定了基础。

关键词： 离合器；密封圈；workbench；摩擦；密封性

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0032-04

Improvement Design and Simulation Analysis of Piston Sealing Ring for Wet Clutch

Hydraulic Cylinder

SU Yan-jun

(CCCC South China Communications Construction Co., Ltd., Guangzhou510290, China)

Abstract: O-ring is widely used in wet clutch because of its compact structure and easy installation. In the working process, the actuator starts to change speed from static, and the static and dynamic friction forces act together, but there is little research on this process. According to the national standard, the seal ring of wet clutch hydraulic cylinder piston is designed, and the seal ring model is established by workbench. According to the contact stress and equivalent stress nephogram of seal ring, the size of seal ring, piston groove and material hardness are optimized and simulated. According to the simulation analysis, the optimized seal ring and groove structure size is more reasonable, and the IRHD hardness of seal ring material should be between 70~80. At the same time, the dynamic and static friction curve of seal ring in the process of hydraulic cylinder movement is obtained, which lays a foundation for the research of response time and control strategy of wet clutch.

Key words: clutch; sealing ring; workbench; friction; tightness

空气含量对双盘配流式径向柱塞泵织构化配流副动压润滑效应的影响

杨国来^1,2，张明明¹，白京浩¹，金晶¹，王文宇¹

（1.兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院，甘肃兰州730050；

2.浙江大学流体动力与机电系统重点实验室，浙江杭州310027）

摘要：为研究油液中不同空气含量对双盘配流式径向柱塞泵织构化配流副动压润滑效应的影响，建立单个二维表面织构微凹坑计算模型，采用CFD数值模拟的方法，分别从不考虑空化效应和考虑空化效应两种情况分析计算油液中不同空气体积分数对动压力大小产生的影响。研究结果表明：油液中空气含量越低，微织构产生的动压力越大、动压润滑效应越明显；不考虑空化效应时油液中空气体积分数的大小只改变动压力的大小，不改变动压力的变化规律；考虑空化效应时，油液中空气体积分数的大小不仅改变动压力的大小，动压力曲线斜率也发生变化。在相同空气含量下考虑空化效应时微织构产生的动压力更大、润滑性能更好。

关键词： 织构化配流副；动压润滑效应；空气含量；空化效应

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0036-06

Influence of Air Content on Textured Flow Distribution Pair Dynamic Pressure

Lubrication Effect for Radial Piston Pump with Double Valve Plate

YANG Guo-lai1,2, ZHANG Ming-ming1, BAI Jing-hao1, JIN Jing1, WANG Wen-yu1

(1.    College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou Univ. of Tech. Lanzhou730050, China;

2. State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China)

Abstract:  In order to study the influence of different air content on the dynamic lubrication of textured flow distribution pair of radial piston pump with double valve plate, a single two-dimensional surface texture micro-pit calculation model was established. The influence of different air volume fractions on the dynamic pressure was analyzed and calculated by CFD numerical simulation method without considering the cavitation effect and considering the cavitation effect. The results show that the lower the air content in the oil, the greater the dynamic pressure generated by the micro-texture and the more obvious the dynamic pressure lubrication effect. When the cavitation effect is not considered, the volume fraction of the air in the oil only changes the dynamic pressure and the change law of dynamic pressure is not changed; when considering the cavitation effect, the volume fraction of air in the oil not only changes the magnitude of the dynamic pressure, but also the slope of the dynamic pressure curve changes. When the cavitation effect is considered under the same air volume fraction, the dynamic pressure generated by the micro-texture is larger, and the lubrication performance is better.

Key words: textured flow distribution pair; dynamic pressure lubrication effect; air content; cavitation effect

克令吊中液压闭式系统的优化设计

杨春鱼,唐曾艳

（上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司，上海200125）

摘要： 我国海上风电规模连续快速增长，新造一条风电安装工程船，周期长，成本高，因此许多潜在用户希望通过旧船改造实现海上风电安装功能。克令吊是风电安装上最主要的设备，通过对克令吊闭式液压系统的优化设计，大大缩短了旧船改造的周期，降低了旧船改造的成本，同时提高了克令吊设备的安全性和可靠性。

关键词： 液压；闭式系统；克令吊；设计

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0041-04

The Optimization Design of Closed Hydraulic System for Crane

YANG Chun-yu, TANG Zeng-yan

(Shanghai Zhenhua Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., ZPMC, Shanghai200125, China)

Abstract:  Wind power installation scale continues to grow rapidly. A new project ship will be spent more time and money. Many users repair the old ship to achieve the wind power installation. The crane is the most important equipment in the ship. Through the optimization of closed hydraulic system in crane, improve the safety and reliability of the crane equipment.

Key words: hydraulic; closed system; crane; design

工程机械卷扬控制系统性能提升研究

孙辉^1，2，张笑^1，2，李波³

(1.江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司，江苏徐州221004;

2.高端工程机械智能制造国家重点实验室，江苏徐州221004; 3.徐州重型机械有限公司，江苏徐州221004)

摘要： 为提升工程机械卷扬系统稳定性能，以轮式起重机为例分析了当前卷扬液压系统控制原理，进行卷扬系统下降测试，明确单泵怠速下卷扬下降抖动问题；通过在平衡阀先导旁通及弹簧腔回油路设置阻尼及开关阀，同时控制器结合起重机不同工作模式及卷扬落主阀先导压力变化信息，进行开关阀的启/闭控制，以进行卷扬系统稳定及节能匹配，经过整机测试验证，该优化方案能够实现小流量工况下的稳定控制要求，同时实现大流量工况下的节能控制要求。

关键词：卷扬系统；平衡阀；稳定；节能

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0045-04

Research on Performance Improvement of Construction Machinery Winch Control System

SUN Hui^1，2， ZHANG Xiao^1，2， LI Bo³

(1. Jiangsu XCMG Construction Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xuzhou221004， China;

2. State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Advanced Construction Machinery, Xuzhou221004, China;

3. Xuzhou Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd., Xuzhou221004, China)

Abstract: In order to improve the stable performance of the winch system of construction machinery, take the mobile crane as an example, the control principle of current winch hydraulic system is analyzed, the stability of the winch system is tested, and the shaking problem of winch lowering at single pump and idle speed is clarified. Through set damping and switch valve at the counterbalance valve pilot bypass circuit and the oil return circuit of spring chamber, and the controller control the switch valve to open or close according to working modes and the information of the main control valve winch pilot pressure to achieve the matching of stability and energy-saving of winch system, through the verification of crane test, the optimized solution can realize the stable control requirements under the condition of small flow and the energy-saving control requirements under the condition of large flow.

Key words: winch system; counterbalance valve；stability；energy-saving

起落架作动筒加载磨合综合试验台设计

余炳星¹，周洋²

（1.航空工业成都凯天电子股份有限公司，四川成都611730；

2.成都震风航空机械制造有限公司，四川成都611730）

摘要：为使新制的起落架作动筒各配合副表面状态和机械物理性能达到适合于长时期工作的状态，研制了这台起落架作动筒加载磨合综合试验台。该试验台采用立式加载结构，通过PLC控制比例方向阀和比例溢流阀，完成加载力、磨合速度、磨合行程的调节，模拟作动筒的运动工况参数，满足5种不同行程、不同加载力的作动筒的加载磨合及密封测试的需求。

关键词： 起落架作动筒；作动筒加载磨合；作动筒立式加载；设计

中图分类号：TH137；TG502.32；V233.6+17 文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0048-03

Design of Comprehensive Test-bed for Loading and Running-in of Landing Gear Actuator

YU Bing-xing¹, ZHOU Yang²

（1. AVIC Chengdu CAIC Electoronics Co., Ltd., Chengdu611730, China ;

2. Chengdu Cyclone Aviation Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Chengdu611730, China)

Abstract: In order to make the surface state and mechanical and physical properties of each pair of new landing gear actuator suitable for long-term operation, we have developed a comprehensive test bench for loading and running-in of landing gear actuator. The vertical loading structure is adopted in the test-bed. The proportional direction valve and proportional relief valve are controlled by PLC to adjust the loading force, running-in speed and running-in distance, simulate the operating parameters of the actuator, and meet the requirements of loading, running-in and sealing test of five actuator cylinders with different travel and loading force.

Key words: landing gear actuator; actuator loading and running-in; actuator vertical loading; design

深海装备压力补偿器及测试系统的设计

于会民¹，刘可安²，罗凌波¹

（1.上海中车艾森迪海洋装备有限公司,上海200120；

2.株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司,湖南株洲412001）

摘要：介绍了液压驱动的深海作业装备的具体工况，分析了深海作业装备要求液压系统进行压力补偿的特殊原因，对设计的滚动橡胶膜片式压力补偿器进行了受力分析，得出了影响补偿器压力稳定的因素，在理论分析的基础上对滚动橡胶膜片式压力补偿器进行了详细设计，阐述了该压力补偿器的机械结构、密封结构及工作机理，并介绍了压力补偿器应用母体之一的水下机器人；针对压力补偿器设计了配套的试验测试系统，该测试系统能够满足压力补偿器的保压测试、功能性测试等常规试验。

关键词： 深海作业装备；压力补偿器；测试；设计

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0051-03

Design of Pressure Compensator for Deep-sea Equipment

YU Hui-min¹, LIU Ke-an², LUO Ling-bo¹

（1. CRRC SMD (Shanghai) Ltd., Shanghai200120, China;

2. Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou412001, China）

Abstract: The specific working conditions of hydraulic driven deep-sea equipment was introduced, and the special requirements of pressure compensation for hydraulic system was analyzed, the force analysis of the designed rolling rubber diaphragm pressure compensator is carried out, and the factors affecting the pressure stability of the compensator are obtained. Based on the theoretical analysis, the compensator is designed in detail, and the mechanical structure, sealing structure and working mechanism of the compensator are expounded, and the remotely operated vehicle (ROV) was also introduced which as one of the applications of the pressure compensator. A related test system is also designed for the pressure compensator at the same time, which can carry out pressure test, functional test and other routine tests.

Key words: deep-sea equipment; pressure compensator; test; design

可变阻尼在负载敏感变量系统的应用

范武德，莫雄超，梁振国

(广西柳工机械股份有限公司，广西柳州545007)

摘要： 负载敏感变量系统的负载信号由主控阀直接传递给柱塞泵，负载信号的波动或剧变将引起柱塞泵排量波动或突变，从而造成执行元件运动不平顺或有启停瞬间的冲击感。负载信号传递的管路设置可变阻尼阀，可有效改善负载敏感液压系统的平顺性，消除冲击感，并且不影响液压系统响应性。

关键词： 可变阻尼；负载敏感；变量系统；应用

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0054-02

Application of Variable Damping for Load Sensitive Variable System

FAN Wu-de, MO Xiong-chao, LIANG Zhen-guo

(Guangxi Liugong Machinery Co., Ltd., Liuzhou545007, China)

Abstract:  The load signal of the load-sensitive variable system is directly transmitted to the plunger pump by the main control valve. Fluctuations or sudden changes in the load signal will cause fluctuations or abrupt changes in the displacement of the plunger pump, which will cause the actuator to move unevenly or have an impact at the start and stop. The variable damping valve is set in the pipeline for the load signal transmission, which can effectively improve the smoothness of the load-sensitive hydraulic system, eliminate the impact feeling, and do not affect the responsiveness of the hydraulic system.

Key words: variable damping; load sensitive; variable system; application

溢流阀渗油问题技术分析

王培

（北京长征天民高科技有限公司, 北京100023）

摘要：溢流阀是液压系统中常用的元件，它是一种液压压力控制阀，在液压设备中主要起溢流、稳压、系统卸荷和安全保护作用。通常溢流阀的T口直接通回油管路，不能承受压力。在实际应用中，存在一种T口可以承受一定压力的通气型溢流阀，可以满足特殊的工况需要，经过一段时间的使用后，这种溢流阀出现了多次渗油情况，该文对渗油原因进行了技术分析并提出了改进措施。

关键词：溢流阀；技术；分析；渗油

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0056-03

Technical Analysis on Leakage of Relief Valve

WANG Pei

（Beijing Long March Tianmin High-tech Co., Ltd., Beijing100023, China）

Abstract: Relief valve is a common component in hydraulic system, which is a kind of hydraulic pressure control valve. It mainly plays the role of constant pressure relief, pressure stabilization, system unloading and safety protection in hydraulic equipment. In general, t port of relief valve is directly connected to oil return pipeline and can not bear pressure. In practical application, there is a vent type relief valve with t port able to bear a certain pressure, which can meet the needs of special working conditions. After a period of use, this relief valve has multiple oil leakage. This paper analyzes the reasons of oil leakage and puts forward improvement measures.

Key words: relief valve; technical; analysis; leakage

某型垃圾车后门非正常开启故障排查与原因分析

张凯，王耀波，焦喜娟

(徐州徐工环境技术有限公司，江苏徐州221001)

摘要： 针对某型垃圾车后门非正常开启故障，采用现场测试、试验及理论分析的方法，对造成该故障的原因进行排查与分析。经分析得到由于多路阀受回油量影响，内部回油容腔压力升高，致使后门锁紧液压锁非正常开启，后更换后门锁紧联阀芯解决了该问题。

关键词： 垃圾车；后门；故障；分析

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0059-03

Investigation and Cause Analysis of the Abnormal Opening Failure for a

Certain Type of Garbage Truck Rear Door

ZHANG Kai, WANG Yao-bo, JIAO Xi-juan

(XCMG Xuzhou Environment Technology Co., Ltd.， Xuzhou221001, China)

Abstract: In view of the abnormal opening failure for a certain type of garbage truck rear door, field testing, testing and theoretical analysis were used to investigate and analyze the causes of the failure. After analysis, it is found that the pressure of the internal oil return volume was increased due to the effect of the oil return volume of the multi-way valve, which caused the hydraulic lock of the rear door to open abnormally, and the replacement of the rear door locking linkage valve core solved the problem.

Key words: garbage truck; rear door; failure; analysis

液压缸缸筒内孔刮削滚光常见问题浅析

马宝,符江,韦金钰,汤宝石

(徐州徐工液压件有限公司,江苏徐州221000)

摘要： 内孔加工作为液压缸缸筒加工最关键工序，其质量好坏直接影响液压缸的安全性与可靠性。刮削滚光技术在液压缸制造行业最关键核心工序，在实际生产过程中会产生不同质量缺陷，影响生产效率、增加制造成本。基于实践生产，总结归纳内孔刮削滚光过程产生不同形式缺陷，深入分析每项缺陷形成机理，归纳产生问题的本质原因，解决液压缸缸筒内孔刮削滚光工艺波的动性，保证液压缸产品的可靠性。

关键词： 液压缸；刮削滚光；常见问题；浅析

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0062-04

Common Problems Analysis of Skiving and Burnishing Hydraulic Cylinder Internal Holes

MA Bao, FU Jiang, WEI Jin-yu, TANG Bao-shi

(Xuzhou Xugong Hydraulic Component Co., Ltd., Xuzhou221000, China)

Abstract: The inner boring of hydraulic cylinder is the most key process, the quality of which directly affects security and reliability of hydraulic cylinders. Skiving and burnishing technology is the most critical core process in hydraulic cylinder manufacturing industry. Different quality defects will occur in the actual production process. Affect production efficiency and increase manufacturing cost. Production based on practice, summarizing the defects of different forms produced in the internal hole scraping and rolling process, and analysizing of each defect formation mechanism. Summarizing the essential causes of the problems, during the internal hole of the hydraulic oil cylinder is scraped and polished, and the dynamic property of the process wave is solved, Ensure the reliability of oil cylinder products.

Key words: hydraulic cylinder; skiving and burnishing; common problems; analysis

鸭嘴式可旋转喷嘴设计

郭冬^1,2，付莹¹，程晓丽¹，严敏肖^1,2，赵博^1,2，张利贤¹

（1.宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司,陕西宝鸡721002；

2.国家油气钻井装备工程技术研究中心,陕西宝鸡721002）

摘要： 鸭嘴式可旋转喷嘴设计采用了旋转和可调压结构，解决了直筒喷油嘴不可调压难以控制的问题，保证了润滑系统单点润滑油姿态和多点润滑油压力平衡，提高了润滑效果和润滑效率，使润滑系统的设计可以更加精确，使润滑系统的闭环控制更加容易实现。

关键词： 鸭嘴式；可旋转；喷嘴；设计

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0066-02

The Design of Duck-billed Rotatable Nozzle

GUO Dong^1,2, FU Ying¹, CHENG Xiao-li¹, YAN Min-xiao^1,2, ZHAO Bo^1,2, ZHANG Li-xian¹

(1. Baoji Oilfield Machinery Co., Ltd., Baoji721002, China;

2. National Oil & Gas Drilling Equipment Engineering Research Center, Baoji721002, China)

Abstract:  The duckbill-billed rotatable nozzle employing the rotatable and pressure adjustable structure is designed, it can solve the problem of the straight nozzle that it is unable to adjust pressure and difficult to control, and ensure the lubrication system can achieve the single-point lubrication and multi-point lubricating oil pressure balance, improve the effect and efficiency of the lubrication, and make the lubrication system can be more precise, the closed-loop control of lubrication system is more easy to implement.

Key words: duck-billed; rotatable; nozzle; design

一种关于液压缸外泄漏的检测方法

夏海兵，耿为博，杨民正

（蚌埠液力机械有限公司，安徽蚌埠233030）

摘要： 液压缸外泄漏，是液压缸常见的一种故障，而常规的液压缸试验方法对外渗漏中微渗漏问题很难目视检出，该文主要介绍一种便于试验人员观察外泄漏故障的方法，对两种试验方法效果进行了对比。

关键词： 液压缸；方法；检测；泄漏

中图分类号：TH137文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0068-02

A Method for Detecting External Leakage of Cylinder

XIA Hai-bing, GENG Wei-bo, YANG Min-zheng

（Bengbu Hydraulic Machinery Factory， Bengbu233030, China）

Abstract: External leakage of hydraulic cylinder is a common fault of hydraulic cylinder, but it is difficult to detect microleakage in external leakage by conventional hydraulic cylinder test method. This paper mainly introduces a method which is convenient for testers to observe external leakage fault, and compares the effects of the two test methods.

Key words: hydraulic cylinder; method; detecting; leakage

茂名石化2#丁二烯装置气体压缩机机械密封改造

费志雄¹ ，梁康¹，廖艺²

（1.中国石化茂名分公司，广东茂名525000；

2.中密控股股份有限公司，四川成都610000）

摘要： 茂名石化80万吨/年乙烯改扩建工程的关键进口机组J-201在密封国产化以后，长期存在寿命短、故障率高的问题，严重影响装置正常生产、累积造成很大经济损失。经过技术路线分析和设计理论计算，判断该机械密封的主要问题是机封参数设计不合理。通过改变该机械密封设计参数，降低密封面发热及增大端面正常泄漏量，成功大幅延长机械密封寿命。

关键词： 压缩机；丁二烯；机械密封；发热；寿命

中图分类号：TH138;TB42文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0069-04

Improvement of Gas Compressor Mechanical Seal for No.2 Butadiene Unit of

Maoming Petrochemical Company

FEI Zhi-xiong¹, LIANG Kang¹, LIAO Yi²

（1. Sinopec Maoming Petrochemical Company, Maoming525000, China；

2. Sinoseal Holding Co., Ltd., Chengdu610000, China）

Abstract:  After the localization of the mechanical seal of the key imported gas compressor J-201 of 800000t/a ethylene reconstruction and expansion project of Maoming Petrochemical Company, for a long time, there are problems of short life and high failure rate, which seriously affect the normal production of the device and cause great economic losses. Through technical route analysis and design theoretical calculation, it is concluded that the main problem of the mechanical seal is the unreasonable design of mechanical seal parameters. By changing the design parameters of the mechanical seal, the heat of the sealing surface is reduced and the normal leakage of the end face is increased, the service life of the mechanical seal is greatly prolonged.

Key words: gas compressor； butadiene； mechanical seal； heat； service life

气动执行机构封闭层与塞盘间阻力对动作效果的影响与研究

邱征¹，邱祥哲²，孙天凯³，任宇哲⁴，王蕃⁵

（1.徐州工程学院机电工程学院，江苏徐州221000；

2.国电环境保护研究院有限公司环境工程研究所，江苏南京210000；

3.徐州工程学院信电工程学院，江苏徐州221000；

4.河海大学土木与交通学院，江苏南京210000；

5.南京信息职业技术学院机电学院，江苏南京210000）

摘要： 双作用气动执行机构因其出色的经济性和可靠性被广泛应用于工业领域，但也因为其控制精度较低而使用范围受限；研究主要利用流体力学和牛顿力学原理针对可调节气动执行机构控制精度低的缺点，使用Comsol软件对其气缸进行建模，在不考虑其他因素情况下利用施加封闭层与塞盘之间阻力的方法，对气动执行机构内塞盘动作效果影响进行模拟，研究其阻力大小的改变对于塞盘动作效果的影响，达到降低可调节气动执行机构控制误差的目的。

关键词： 气动执行机构；塞盘；封闭层； 影响

中图分类号：TH138文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0073-05

The Influence of Resistance between Closed Layer and Plug Plate on Action

Effect for Pneumatic Actuator

QIU Zheng¹，QIU Xiang-zhe ²，SUN Tian-kai³，REN Yu-zhe⁴，WANG Fan⁵

（1. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology， Xuzhou221000, China；

2. Institute of Environmental Engineering， State Power Environmental Protection Research Institute Co., Ltd.，

Nanjing210000, China;

3. School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology， Xuzhou221000, China；

4. School of Civil Engineering and Transportation， Hohai University， Nanjing210000, China；

5. College of Mechatronics, Nanjing Vocational College  of Information Technology, Nanjing210000, China）

Abstract:  Dual-acting pneumatic actuators are widely used in industry due to their excellent economy and reliability, but its application scope is limited because of its low control accuracy. In this study, aiming at the disadvantage of low control accuracy of adjustable pneumatic actuator, principle of fluid mechanics and Newton mechanics are used to model its cylinder by using the software of Comsol. Without regard to other factors, using the method of applying the resistance between the confining bed and the plug disc , the effect of action of the plug disc in the pneumatic actuator is simulated to study the effect of the change of its resistance on the action of the plug disc and to reduce the control error of the adjustable pneumatic actuator.

Key words: neumatic actuator； plug plate； closed layer； influence

一种多功能自动分拣装置的控制系统设计

章鸿

（四川信息职业技术学院，四川广元628040）

摘要：为了提高分拣过程中的准确性、持续性和多条件性，降低误差率、人工成本和劳动强度，实现无人化分拣。该研究设计了一款集扫码分拣、重量分拣、材质分拣、高度分拣等为一体的多功能分拣装置。重点介绍了扫码+材质+高度组合功能分拣装置的工作原理、流程、控制系统设计，通过样机调试，验证了设计功能的实现。

关键词： 分拣装置；多功能；控制系统；组合功能；自动化

中图分类号：TH138;TP21/27文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0078-05

Design of Control System for a Multifunctional Automatic Sorting Device

ZHANG Hong

(Sichuan Vocatinal College of information Technology，Guangyuan628040, China)

Abstract:  In order to improve the accuracy， continuity and multi-conditions in the sorting process， reduce the error rate， labor cost and labor intensity， and achieve unmanned sorting.In this study， a multifunctional sorting device is designed， which integrates scanning code sorting， weight sorting， material sorting， height sorting and so on.The working principle， flow chart and control system design of the sorting device with scanning code+material+high combination function are introduced emphatically. the realization of the design function is verified by prototype debugging.

Key words: sorting device; multifunction; control system; combination function; automation

快卸连接装置充放气动态特性性能研究

汪翔羚，李光辉，王丽鹏，韩新苗，乔静

（北京精密机电控制设备研究所，北京100076）

摘要： 快卸连接装置是为蓄压器的充气、补气和放气而特别研制的，该文通过计算、仿真分析快卸连接装置的充放气性能。分析了活门组件阀口位移和阀杆钢球出口位移对快卸连接装置充放气性能的影响，为进一步优化快卸连接装置的结构参数，提高其动态性能提供了设计依据。

关键词： 快卸连接装置；充放气；动态特性；研究

中图分类号：TH138;V228.7文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0082-04

Study on Dynamic Charging and Discharging Characteristics of Quick

Release Connector

WANG Xiang-ling, LI Guang-hui, WANG Li-peng, HAN Xin-miao, QIAO Jing

（Beijing Precision Electromechanical Control Equipment Research Institute, Beijing100076, China）

Abstract: The quick release connector is specially developed for the charging, replenishing and discharging of the accumulator. This paper analyzes the charging and exhausting capacity of the quick release connector by the theoretical calculation method and simulation. The influence of valve port displacement of valve assembly and the outlet displacement of the valve rod steel ball on the charging and discharging performance of quick release connector are analyzed, which provides the design basis for further optimizing the structural parameters of quick release connector and improving its dynamic performance.

Key words: quick release connection device; charging and discharging; dynamic characteristics; study

拉杆气缸活塞密封圈的动态特性研究

刘宏峰

（烟台汽车工程职业学院，山东烟台265500）

摘要： 为解决拉杆气缸在-40℃和60℃条件下的介质泄漏问题，以等效刚度、等效阻尼和耐温系数为性能评价标准，对结合丙烯腈量分别为35%、30%和25%的丁腈橡胶密封圈进行动态特性研究，包括力学性能测试、频谱响应分析，耐温系数计算和接触应力仿真等。研究结果表明：增大结合丙烯腈量可大幅度提升密封圈的力学性能，但不利于低温密封；结合丙烯腈量为30%的密封圈可有效地解决高低温介质泄漏问题，当压缩率为15%时，其接触应力更为均衡，可确保密封性能。

关键词： 拉杆气缸; 活塞密封圈; 动态特性; 研究

中图分类号：TH138;TB42;TH113文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0086-04

Research on Dynamic Characteristics of the Pull-rod Cylinder Piston Sealing Ring

LIU Hong-feng

（Yantai Automotive Engineering Career Academy, Yantai265500, China）

Abstract:  The medium leakage problem of pull-rod cylinder at -40 ℃ and 60 ℃ needs to be solved. The equivalent stiffness, equivalent damping and temperature resistance coefficient are used as performance evaluation standards. The dynamic characteristics of NBR seal ring with acrylonitrile content of 35%, 30% and 25% are studied. The research methods include mechanical property test, spectrum response analysis, temperature resistance coefficient calculation and contact stress simulation. The results show that the mechanical properties of the sealing ring can be greatly improved by increasing the amount of polyacrylonitrile. But it is not conducive to low temperature sealing. When the compression ratio is 15%, the contact stress is more balanced. The research can ensure the sealing performance.

Key words: pull-rod cylinder; piston sealing ring; dynamic characteristics; research

应用HMC设计的气动太阳能组件铺设机械手

荆珂¹，张健¹，王笑竹²，赵艳丽¹，贾静¹

（1.营口理工学院电气工程系，辽宁营口115014；

2.营口理工学院机械动力与工程系，辽宁营口115014）

摘要： 为了解决人工把EVA放置到太阳能组件上时效率不高，而且放置的位置有误差的不足，同时克服传统机械手中PLC只有一个处理器且执行单一个梯形图程序，面对愈来愈复杂庞大的控制工序与运算在程序开发与维护上的困难。该文应用HMC设计的气动太阳能组件铺设机械手，采用HMC控制器使用分时多工的处理架构，既能够只执行单一主程序又能同时执行四个主程序运行，提供使用者更大的程序开发弹性。通过实验验证：HMC融合了人机操作界面（HMC）与逻辑计算（控制器）的功能，实现操作界面与逻辑控制高效能的完美结合，成功地取代了人工铺设，并让铺设的效果达到最佳。

关键词： HMC；太阳能组件；气动铺设机械手；PLC

中图分类号：TH138;TH165;TG659文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0090-05

Designed of Pneumatic Solar Module Laying Manipulator Based on HMC

JING Ke¹, ZHANG Jian¹, WANG Xiao-zhu², ZHAO Yan-li¹, JIA Jing¹

（1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Yingkou Institute of Technology, Yingkou115014，China;

2. Department of Mechanical Power and Engineering, Yingkou Institute of Technology, Yingkou115014，China）

Abstract:  In order to solve the inefficiency of manual placement of EVA on solar modules and the inaccuracy of placement errors, and to overcome the traditional manipulator PLC has only one processor and a single ladder diagram program, facing more and more complex and huge control procedures and operations in the development and maintenance of the program. In this paper, the pneumatic solar module paving manipulator designed by HMC is used, and the HMC controller uses time-sharing and multi-work processing architecture. It can not only execute a single main program, but also execute four main programs at the same time, providing users with greater flexibility in program development. Experiments show that HMC integrates the functions of human-machine interface (HMC) and logic calculation (controller), realizes the perfect combination of operation interface and logic control, successfully replaces manual paving, and achieves the best effect of paving.

Key words: HMC; solar module; pneumatic laying manipulator; PLC

一种电阻焊机的气缸结构设计

罗相文 ，吴素婷，罗九州

（广东南方职业学院，广东江门529040）

摘要：分析一种电阻焊机用驱动加压用的上气缸故障原因，通常表现为气缸内壁拉伤，气缸用密封件损坏，导致气缸头自动下滑，影响焊接质量，改进设计了气缸活塞结构，产生良好的效果。

关键词：电阻焊机；气缸；结构；设计

中图分类号：TH138文献标志码：A文章编号：1008-0813（2020）05-0094-03

Structure Design of Pneumatic Cylinder for Resistance Welding Machine

LUO Xiang-wen, WU Su-ting, LUO Jiu-zhou

（Guangdong Nanfang Vocational College, Jiangmen 529040, China）

Abstract:  Analyse the pneumatic cylinder weakness of One Resistance Welding machine, It seems that the inner of cylinder abrades seriously. Cylinder goes down automatic and influences the welding quality. So Improve the cylinder design and get the perfect result.

Key words: resistance welding machine; pneumatic cylinder； structure； design